The sedimentary architecture of a Holocene barrier spit (Sylt, German Bight): Swash-bar accretion and storm erosion

Aagaard, 1998, Suspended sediment transport and nearshore bar formation on a shallow intermediate-state beach, Marine Geology, 148, 203, 10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00012-7 Ahrendt, 1993, Sedimentdynamik an der Westküste Sylts (Deutsche Bucht/Nordsee), Meyniana, 45, 161 Ahrendt, 2001, Expected effect of climate change on Sylt island: results from a multidisciplinary German project, Climate Research, 18, 141, 10.3354/cr018141 Ahrendt, 1992, Entwicklung und Sedimenthabitus des Hörnum-und Vortrapptiefs, Meyniana, 44, 53 Ahrendt, 2001, Das GIS als Methode für die Rekonstruktion geologischer Entwicklungen-Beispiel Sylt/Deutsche Bucht, Meyniana, 53, 5 Ahrendt, 2001, Naturräumliche Entwicklung Sylts–Vergangenheit und Zukunft, 69 Allen, 1982, Sedimentary structures: their character and physical basis, Volume 1 Anthony, 2004, Morphodynamics of intertidal bars on a megatidal beach, Merlimont, Northern France, Marine Geology, 208, 73, 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.04.022 Anwar, 1974, Der holozäne Meeressand im Seegebiet westlich von Sylt zwischen Kampen und Rantum (Ausgangsmaterial und Sedimentation), Meyniana, 24, 43 Backhaus, 1998, Hydrographie und Klima im Lister Tidebecken, 39 Bartholdy, 1994, Holocene evolution of the Danish Wadden Sea, Senckenbergiana Maritima, 24, 187 Bayerl, 1994, The development of northern Sylt during the latest Holocene, Helgolander Meeresuntersuchungen, 48, 145, 10.1007/BF02367032 Bayerl, 1998, Verteilung und Zusammensetzung der Sedimente im Lister Tidebecken, 31 Behre, 1995, Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Natur-und Kulturlandschaft der ostfriesischen Halbinsel, 5 Behre, 2003, Eine neue Meeresspiegelkurve für die südliche Nordsee: Transgressionen und Regressionen in den letzten 10,000 Jahren, Probleme der Küstenforschung im südlichen Nordseegebiet, 28, 9 Behre, 2004, Coastal development, sea-level change and settlement history during the later Holocene in the Clay District of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), northern Germany, Quaternary International, 112, 37, 10.1016/S1040-6182(03)00064-8 Blindow, 1997, Bodenradar, 369 Blott, 2001, Gradistat: a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 26, 1237, 10.1002/esp.261 Bristow, 1995, Facies analysis in the Lower Greensand using ground-penetrating radar, Journal of the Geological Society London, 152, 591, 10.1144/gsjgs.152.4.0591 Bristow, 1996, Internal structure of Aeolian dunes in Abu Dhabi determined using ground-penetrating radar, Sedimentology, 43, 995, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1996.tb01515.x Bristow, 2000, The structure and development of foredunes on a locally prograding coast: insights from ground-penetrating radar surveys, Norfolk, UK, Sedimentology, 47, 923, 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2000.00330.x Buynevich, 2004, Sedimentary records of intense storms in Holocene barrier sequences, Maine, USA, Marine Geology, 210, 135, 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.007 Buynevich, 2007, A 1500 yr record of North Atlantic storm activity based on optically dated relict beach scarps, Geology, 35, 543, 10.1130/G23636A.1 Campbell, 1967, Lamina, laminaset, bed and bedset, Sedimentology, 8, 7, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1967.tb01301.x Carter, 1986, The morphodynamics of beach-ridge formation: Magilligan, northern Ireland, Marine Geology, 73, 191, 10.1016/0025-3227(86)90015-0 Clifton, 1969, Beach lamination — nature and origin, Marine Geology, 7, 553, 10.1016/0025-3227(69)90023-1 Dabrio, 1982, Sedimentary structures generated on the foreshore by migrating ridge and runnel systems on microtidal and mesotidal coasts of S. Spain, Sedimentary Geology, 32, 141, 10.1016/0037-0738(82)90018-5 Davidson-Arnott, 1976, Facies relationships on a barred coast, Kouchibouguac Bay, New Brunswick, Canada, vol. 24, 149 Davis, 1985, Beach and nearshore zone, 379 Davis, 1972, Comparison of ridge and runnel systems in tidal and non-tidal environments, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 42, 413 Dietz, 1952 Dietz, 1952 Elliott, 1986, Siliciclastic shorelines, 155 Fielding, 2005, Sedimentology of the modern and Holocene Burdekin River delta of North Queensland, Australia — controlled by river output, not by waves and tides, vol. 83, 467 Fitzgerald, 1984, Control of barrier island shape by inlet sediment bypassing: East Frisian Islands, West Germany, Marine Geology, 60, 355, 10.1016/0025-3227(84)90157-9 Folk, 1957, Brazos River bar (Texas): a study in the significance of grain size parameters, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 27, 3, 10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D Gawthorpe, 1993, Ground-penetrating radar: application to sandbody geometry and heterogeneity studies, vol. 73, 421 Gibbard, 2005, Global chronostratigraphical correlation table for the last 2.7 million years, Boreas, 34 Greenwood, 1975, Marine bars and nearshore sedimentary processes, Kouchibouguac Bay, New Brunswick, Canada, 123 Greenwood, 2004, swash bar morphodynamics in the Danish Wadden Sea: sand bed oscillations and suspended sediment flux during an accretionary phase of the foreshore cycle, Geografisk Tidsskrift, 104, 15, 10.1080/00167223.2004.10649500 Gripp, 1968, Zur jüngsten Erdgeschichte von Hörnum/Sylt und Amrum mit einer Übersicht über die Entstehung der Dünen in Nordfriesland, Die Küste, 16, 76 Gripp, 1940, Untersuchungen über den Aufbau und die Entstehung der Insel Sylt: II, Mittel-Sylt. Westküste, 2, 71 Gripp, 1940, Untersuchungen über den Aufbau und die Entstehung der Insel Sylt: I, Nord-Sylt. Westküste, 2, 1 Gupta, 1999, Fossil shore platforms and drowned gravel beaches: evidence for high-frequency sea-level fluctuations in the distal alpine foreland basin, Journal of Sedimentary Research, 69, 394, 10.2110/jsr.69.394 Harck, 1972, Steinzeitfunde im Listland und auf der Hörnumer Halbinsel auf Sylt, Offa, 29, 5 Harck, 1974, Zur Datierung des Listlandes und der Hörnumer Halbinsel auf Sylt, Meyniana, 24, 69 Hayes, 1979, Barrier island morphology as a function of tidal and wave regime, 1 Hayes, 1969, Storms as modifying agents in the coastal environment, 245 Hine, 1979, Mechanisms of berm development and resulting beach growth along a barrier spit complex, Sedimentology, 26, 333, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1979.tb00913.x Hiroki, 2005, Wavy lamination in a mixed sand and gravel foreshore facies of the Pleistocene Hosoya Sandstone, Aichi, central Japan, Sedimentology, 52, 65, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2004.00682.x Hoffmann, 1971, Zur Geologie des Seegebietes westlich von Sylt, Meyniana, 21, 25 Hoffmann, 1974, Zum geologischen Aufbau der Hörnumer Halbinsel auf Sylt, Meyniana, 23, 63 Hoffmann, 1980, Küstenholozän zwischen Sylt und Föhr, vol. 39, 85 Houser, 2007, Onshore migration of a swash bar during a storm, Journal of Coastal Research, 23, 1, 10.2112/03-0135.1 Houser, 2006, Divergent response of an intertidal swash bar, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 31, 1775, 10.1002/esp.1365 Hunter, 1979, Depositional processes, sedimentary structures, and predicted vertical sequences in barred nearshore systems, southern Oregon coast, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 49, 711 Jol, 2003, GPR in sediments: advice on data collection, basic processing and interpretation, a good practice guide, vol. 211, 9 Kim, 2007, Removal of ringing noise in GPR data by signal processing, Geosciences Journal, 11, 75, 10.1007/BF02910382 King, 1949, The formation and movement of sand bars by wave action, Geographical Journal, 113, 70, 10.2307/1788907 Knödel, 1997, Handbuch zur Erkundung des Untergrundes von Deponien und Altlasten Köster, 1974, Geologie des Seegrundes vor den Nordfriesischen Inseln Sylt und Amrum, Meyniana, 24, 27 Kruk, 1999, Background of ground-penetrating radar measurements, Geologie en Mijnbouw, 77, 177, 10.1023/A:1003546619639 Kumar, 1976, Characteristics of shoreface storm deposits: modern and ancient examples, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 46, 145 Lehmann, 2000, Topographic migration of georadar data: implications for acquisition and processing, Geophysics, 65, 836, 10.1190/1.1444781 Litt, 2001, Correlation and synchronization of lateglacial continental sequences in northern central Europe based on annually laminated lacustrine sediments, Quaternary Science Reviews, 20, 1233, 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00149-9 Massari, 1988, Progradational gravel beach sequences in a moderate- to high-energy, microtidal marine environment, Sedimentology, 35, 881, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1988.tb01737.x Masselink, 2006, Morphodynamics of intertidal bars in wave-dominated coastal settings — a review, Geomorphology, 73, 33, 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.06.007 McCubbin, 1982, Barrier-island and strand-plain facies, vol. 31, 247 Mitchum, 1977, Stratigraphic interpretation of seismic reflection patterns in depositional sequences, vol. 26, 117 Müller, 1980 Neal, 2004, Ground-penetrating radar and its use in sedimentology: principles, problems and progress, Earth Science Reviews, 66, 261, 10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.01.004 Neal, 2002, Internal structure of mixed-sand-and-gravel beach deposits revealed using ground-penetrating radar, Sedimentology, 49, 789, 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00468.x Neal, 2002, Structure and development of shell cheniers in Essex, southeast England, investigated using high-frequency ground-penetrating radar, Marine Geology, 185, 435, 10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00239-0 Neide, 1977 Neide, 1977 Newig, 1980, Sylt im Spiegel historischer Karten, Römisch-Germanische Forschungen, 39, 64 Newig, 2004, Die Küstengestalt Nordfrieslands im Mittelalter nach historischen Quellen, vol. 1, 23 Niedoroda, 1984, Shoreface morphodynamics on wave-dominated coasts, Marine Geology, 60, 331, 10.1016/0025-3227(84)90156-7 Niedoroda, 1985, The shoreface, 533 Nielsen, 1988, A late Pleistocene coarse-grained spit-platform sequence in northern Jylland, Denmark, Sedimentology, 35, 915, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1988.tb01738.x Priesmeier, 1970, Form und Genese des Listlandes auf Sylt. Schriften des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins, Schleswig Holstein, 40, 11 Sandmeier, K.-J., 2006. ReflexW. www.sandmeier-geo.de. Schwartz, 1982, Bedform and stratification characteristics of some modern small-scale washover sand bodies, Sedimentology, 29, 835, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1982.tb00087.x Schwarzer, 1984, Das Morsum-Kliff und seine Ausbreitung unter den nördlich vorgelagerten Wattsedimenten, 251 Smith, 1999, Sedimentology of an upper-mesotidal (3.7 m) Holocene barrier, Willapa Bay, SW Washington, U.S.A, Journal of Sedimentary Research, 69, 1290, 10.2110/jsr.69.1290 Stolt, 1978, Migration by Fourier transform, Geophysics, 43, 23, 10.1190/1.1440826 Thompson, 1937, Original structures of beaches, bars, and dunes, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 48, 723, 10.1130/GSAB-48-723 van Heteren, 1998, Radar facies of paraglacial barrier systems: coastal New England, USA, Sedimentology, 45, 181, 10.1046/j.1365-3091.1998.00150.x