Changes in Physiological Arousal to Gambling Cues Among Participants in Motivationally Enhanced Cognitive–Behavior Therapy for Pathological Gambling: A Preliminary Study
Tóm tắt
Despite somewhat high attrition and relapse rates, cognitive–behavioral interventions for pathological gambling seem promising. As a possible remedy to these problems, we conducted a preliminary study of gambling-specific cognitive–behavior therapy (CBT) with the addition of motivational enhancement techniques (MET) for the treatment of pathological gamblers. Data on psychophysiological arousal upon exposure to imagined gambling vignettes were collected at both pre- and posttreatment. Results indicate that participants showed decreases in degree of arousal during the vignettes from pre- to posttreatment. There was also a strong dose–response relationship between reductions in gambling symptoms and reductions in arousal. These findings are discussed, as are their implications for further study of pathological gambling.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abbott, D. A, Cramer, S. L., & Sherrets, S. D. (1995). Pathological gambling and the family: Practice implications. Families in Society, 76(4), 213-219.
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Anderson, G., & Brown, R. I. F. (1984). Real and laboratory gambling, sensation seeking and arousal. British Journal of Psychology, 75, 401-410.
Blanchard, E. B., Hickling, E. J., Taylor, A. E., Loos, W. R., & Gerardi, R. J. (1994). The psychophysiology of motor vehicle accident related post-traumatic stress disorder. Behavior Therapy, 25, 453-467.
Blanchard, E. B., Wulfert, E., Freidenberg, B. M., & Malta, L. S. (2000). Psychophysiological assessment of compulsive gamblers' arousal to ambling cues: A pilot study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 25(3), 155-165.
Blaszczynski, A. P., Winter, S. W., & McConaghy, N. (1986). Plasma endorphin levels in pathological gambling. Journal of Gambling Behaviour, 2, 3-14.
Brown, J. M., & Miller, W. R. (1993). Impact of motivational interviewing on participation and outcome in residential alcoholism treatment. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 7, 211-218.
Bujold, A., Ladouceur, R., Sylvain, C., & Boisvert, J. M. (1994). Treatment of pathological gamblers: An experimental study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(4), 275-282.
Carroll, D., & Huxley, J. A. A. (1994). Cognitive, dispositional, and psychophysiological correlates of dependent slot machine gambling in young people. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24 (12), 1070-1083.
Carter, F. A., Bulik, C. M., McIntosh, V. V., & Joyce, P. R. (2001). Changes in cue reactivity following treatment for bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29(3), 336-344.
Colby, S. M., Monti, P. M., Barnett, N. P., Rohsenow, D. J., Weissman, K., Spirito, A., et al. (1998). Brief motivational interviewing in a hospital setting for adolescent smoking: A preliminary study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66(3), 574-578.
Coventry, K. R., & Norman, A. C. (1997). Arousal, sensation seeking and frequency of gambling in off-course horse racing bettors. British Journal of Psychology, 88, 671-681.
Crockford, D. N., & el-Guebaly, N. (1998). Psychiatric comorbidity in pathological gambling: Critical review. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43(1), 43-50.
Frank, M. L., Lester, D., & Wexler, A. (1991) Suicidal behavior among members of Gamblers Anonymous. Journal of Gambling Studies, 7, 249-254.
Green, J., Kroll, L., Imrie, D., Frances, F. M., Begum, K., Harrison, L., et al. (2001). Health gain and outcome predictors during inpatient and related day treatment in child and adolescent psychiatry. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(3), 325-332.
Griffiths, M. (1990). Psychobiology of the near-miss in fruit machine gambling. The Journal of Psychology, 125(3), 347-357.
Griffiths, M. (1993). Tolerance in gambling: An objective measure using the psychophysiological analysis of male fruit machine gamblers. Addictive Behaviors, 18(3): 365-372.
Ladouceur, R., Boisvert, J. M., & Dumont, J. (1994). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for adolescent pathological gamblers. Behavior Modification, 18(2), 230-242.
Ladouceur, R., Boisvert, J. M., Pepin, M., Loranger, M., & Sylvain, C. (1994). Social cost of pathological gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 10(4), 399-409.
Ladouceur, R., & Sylvain, C. (1999). Tratamiento del juego patologico: Un estudio controlado. [Treatment of pathological gambling: A controlled study]. Anuario de Psicologia, 30, 127-135.
Ladouceur, R., Sylvain, C., Letarte, H., Giroux, I., & Jacques, C. (1998). Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36(12), 1111-1119.
Leary, K., & Dickerson, M. (1985). Levels of arousal in high-and low-frequency gamblers. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 23(6), 635-640.
Lesieur, H. R. (1992). Compulsive gambling. Society, 29, 43-50.
Lesieur, H. R., & Anderson, C. (1995). Results of a survey of Gamblers Anonymous Members in Illinois. Park Ridge, IL: Illinois Council on Problem and Compulsive Gambling.
Lesieur, H. R., & Blume, S. B. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1184-1188.
Meyer, G., Hauffa, B. P., Schedlowski, M., Pawlak, C., Stadler, M. A., & Exton, M. S. (2000). Casino gambling increases heart rate and salivary cortisol in regular gamblers. Biological Psychiatry, 48(9), 948-953.
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (1991). Motivational interviewing. New York: Guilford Press.
Miller, W. R., Zweben, A., DiClemente, C. C., & Rychtarik, R. G. (1992). Motivational enhancement therapy manual (DHHS Publication No. ADM 92-1894). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Petry, N. M., & Armentano, C. (1999). Prevalence, assessment, and treatment of pathological gambling: A review. Psychiatric Services, 50(8), 0127-1021.
Phillips, D. P., Welty, W. R., & Smith, M. M. (1997). Elevated suicide levels associated with legalized gambling. Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, 27(4), 373-378.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1982). Transtheoretical therapy: Toward a more integrative model of change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 19(3), 276-288.
Prochaska, J. O., DiClemente, C. C., & Norcross, J. C. (1992). In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. American Psychologist, 47(9), 1102-1114.
ProjectMATCHResearch Group. (1997). Matching alcoholism treatments to client heterogeneity: ProjectMATCH posttreatment drinking outcomes. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 58(1), 7-29.
Rector, N. A., Bagby, R. M., Segal, Z. V., Joffe, R. T., & Levitt, A. (2000). Self-criticism and dependency in depressed patients treated with cognitive therapy or pharmacotherapy. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24(5), 571-584.
Roby, K. J., & Lumley, M. A. (1995). Effects of accuracy feedback versus monetary contingency on arousal in high and low frequency gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 11(2), 185-193.
Shaffer, H. J. (1997). Psychology of stage change. In J. H. Lowinson, P. Ruiz, R. B. Millman, & J. G. Langrod (eds.), Substance abuse: A comprehensive textbook (pp. 100-106). Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.
Sharpe, L., Tarrier, N., Schotte, D., & Spence, S. H. (1995). The role of autonomic arousal in problem gambling. Addiction, 90 1529-1540.
Sylvain, C., Ladouceur, R., & Boisvert, J. M. (1997). Cognitive and behavioral treatment of pathological gambling: A controlled study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 727-732.
Volberg, R. A. (1994). The prevalence and demographics of pathological gamblers: Implications for public health. American Journal of Public Health, 84, 237-241.
Volberg, R. A. (1997). Replication studies of problem gambling. Paper presented at the Tenth International Conference on Gambling and Risk-Taking, Montreal, Quebec.
Wulfert, E., Blanchard, E. B., Freidenberg, B., & Martell, R. (under review). Motivationally enhanced cognitive behavior therapy for pathological gambling: A series of case-studies.