Role of Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) in tumorigenesis

Potten, 1990, Stem cells: attributes, cycles, spirals, pitfalls and uncertainties. Lessons for and from the crypt, Development, 110, 1001, 10.1242/dev.110.4.1001 Potten, 1992, Measurement of in vivo proliferation in human colorectal mucosa using bromodeoxyuridine, Gut, 33, 71, 10.1136/gut.33.1.71 Hall, 1994, Regulation of cell number in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract: the importance of apoptosis, J Cell Sci, 107, 3569, 10.1242/jcs.107.12.3569 Traber, 1997, Epithelial cell growth and differentiation. V. Transcriptional regulation, development, and neoplasia of the intestinal epithelium, Am J Physiol, 273, G979 Brittan, 2004, Stem cell in gastrointestinal structure and neoplastic development, Gut, 53, 899, 10.1136/gut.2003.025478 Chakrabarty, 2003, Extracellular calcium and calcium sensing receptor function in human colon carcinomas: promotion of E-cadherin expression and suppression of beta-catenin/TCF activation, Cancer Res, 63, 67 Chakrabarty, 2005, Calcium sensing receptor in human colon carcinoma: interaction with Ca(2+) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3), Cancer Res, 65, 493, 10.1158/0008-5472.493.65.2 Sellers, 1998, Diet and risk of colon cancer in a large prospective study of older women: an analysis stratified on family history (Iowa, United States), Cancer Causes Control, 9, 357, 10.1023/A:1008886715597 Lipkin, 1999, Preclinical and early human studies of calcium and colon cancer prevention, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 889, 120, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08729.x Wargovich, 2000, Efficacy of potential chemopreventive agents on rat colon aberrant crypt formation and progression, Carcinogenesis, 21, 1149, 10.1093/carcin/21.6.1149 Kampman, 2000, Calcium, vitamin D, sunshine exposure, dairy products and colon cancer risk (United States), Cancer Causes Control, 11, 459, 10.1023/A:1008914108739 Lamprecht, 2003, Chemoprevention of colon cancer by calcium, vitamin D and folate: molecular mechanisms, Nat Rev Cancer, 3, 601 Kallay, 1997, Calcium-dependent c-myc proto-oncogene expression and proliferation of Caco-2 cells: a role for a luminal extracellular calcium-sensing receptor, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 232, 80, 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6225 Kallay, 2000, Dietary calcium and growth modulation of human colon cancer cells: role of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor, Cancer Detect Prev, 24, 127 Liu, 2009, Calcium and calcium sensing receptor modulates the expression of thymidylate synthase, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and survivin in human colon carcinoma cells: promotion of cytotoxic response to mitomycin C and fluorouracil, Mol Carcinog, 48, 202, 10.1002/mc.20470 Liu, 2010, Vitamin D mediates its action in human colon carcinoma cells in a calcium-sensing receptor-dependent manner: downregulates malignant cell behavior and the expression of thymidylate synthase and survivin and promotes cellular sensitivity to 5-FU, Int J Cancer, 126, 631, 10.1002/ijc.24762 Liu, 2011, Nifedipine synergizes with calcium in activating the calcium sensing receptor, suppressing the expression of thymidylate synthase and survivin and promoting sensitivity to fluorouracil in human colon carcinoma cells, Mol Carcinog, 50, 922, 10.1002/mc.20752 Singh, 2013, Isolation and characterization of calcium sensing receptor null cells: a highly malignant and drug resistant phenotype of colon cancer, Int J Cancer, 132, 1996, 10.1002/ijc.27902 Bhagavathula, 2005, Upregulation of calcium-sensing receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in the regulation of growth and differentiation in colon carcinoma, Br J Cancer, 93, 1364, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602852 Bhagavathula, 2007, Regulation of E-cadherin and beta-catenin by Ca2+ in colon carcinoma is dependent on calcium-sensing receptor expression and function, Int J Cancer, 121, 1455, 10.1002/ijc.22858 Rey, 2012, Negative cross-talk between calcium-sensing receptor and beta-catenin signaling systems in colonic epithelium, J Biol Chem, 287, 1158, 10.1074/jbc.M111.274589 Pestalozzi, 1995, Increased thymidylate synthase protein levels are principally associated with proliferation but not cell cycle phase in asynchronous human cancer cells, Br J Cancer, 71, 1151, 10.1038/bjc.1995.225 Andre, 2004, Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer, N Engl J Med, 350, 2343, 10.1056/NEJMoa032709 Wolpin, 2008, Systemic treatment of colorectal cancer, Gastroenterology, 134, 1296, 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.098 Horikoshi, 1992, Quantitation of thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase, and DT-diaphorase gene expression in human tumors using the polymerase chain reaction, Cancer Res, 52, 108 Kamoshida, 2004, Immunohistochemical evaluation of thymidylate synthase (TS) and p16INK4a in advanced colorectal cancer: implication of TS expression in 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy, Jpn J Clin Oncol, 34, 594, 10.1093/jjco/hyh113 Edler, 2002, Thymidylate synthase expression in colorectal cancer: a prognostic and predictive marker of benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, J Clin Oncol, 20, 1721, 10.1200/JCO.2002.07.039 Popat, 2004, Thymidylate synthase expression and prognosis in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J Clin Oncol, 22, 529, 10.1200/JCO.2004.05.064 Zaffaroni, 2002, Survivin expression and resistance to anticancer treatments: perspectives for new therapeutic interventions, Drug Resist Updat, 5, 65, 10.1016/S1368-7646(02)00049-3 Altieri, 2003, Survivin in apoptosis control and cell cycle regulation in cancer, Prog Cell Cycle Res, 5, 447 Fukuda, 2006, Survivin, a cancer target with an emerging role in normal adult tissues, Mol Cancer Ther, 5, 1087, 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0375 Chakrabarty, 1986, Circumvention of deficient activation in mitomycin C-resistant human colonic carcinoma cells by the mitomycin C analogue BMY25282, Cancer Res, 46, 3456 Traver, 1992, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene expression in human colon carcinoma cells: characterization of a mutation which modulates DT-diaphorase activity and mitomycin sensitivity, Cancer Res, 52, 797 Ross, 2000, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1): chemoprotection, bioactivation, gene regulation and genetic polymorphisms, Chem Biol Interact, 129, 77, 10.1016/S0009-2797(00)00199-X Iskander, 2005, Lower induction of p53 and decreased apoptosis in NQO1-null mice lead to increased sensitivity to chemical-induced skin carcinogenesis, Cancer Res, 65, 2054, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3157 Vasiliou, 2006, Update of the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) gene family, Hum Genomics, 2, 329, 10.1186/1479-7364-2-5-329 Brown, 2001, Extracellular calcium sensing and extracellular calcium signaling, Physiol Rev, 81, 239, 10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.239 Garland, 1980, Do sunlight and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of colon cancer?, Int J Epidemiol, 9, 227, 10.1093/ije/9.3.227 Grau, 2003, Vitamin D, calcium supplementation, and colorectal adenomas: results of a randomized trial, J Natl Cancer Inst, 95, 1765, 10.1093/jnci/djg110 Wu, 2007, A nested case control study of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of colorectal cancer, J Natl Cancer Inst, 99, 1120, 10.1093/jnci/djm038 Kallay, 2001, Characterization of a vitamin D receptor knockout mouse as a model of colorectal hyperproliferation and DNA damage, Carcinogenesis, 22, 1429, 10.1093/carcin/22.9.1429 Levine, 2001, Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, dietary calcium intake, and distal colorectal adenoma risk, Nutr Cancer, 39, 35, 10.1207/S15327914nc391_5 Palmer, 2001, Vitamin D(3) promotes the differentiation of colon carcinoma cells by the induction of E-cadherin and the inhibition of beta-catenin signaling, J Cell Biol, 154, 369, 10.1083/jcb.200102028 Larriba, 2005, SNAIL vs vitamin D receptor expression in colon cancer: therapeutics implications, Br J Cancer, 92, 985, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602484 Chikatsu, 2000, Cloning and characterization of two promoters for the human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and changes of CaSR expression in parathyroid adenomas, J Biol Chem, 275, 7553, 10.1074/jbc.275.11.7553 Canaff, 2002, Human calcium-sensing receptor gene. Vitamin D response elements in promoters P1 and P2 confer transcriptional responsiveness to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, J Biol Chem, 277, 30337, 10.1074/jbc.M201804200 Rogers, 1995, Calcium receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the parathyroid glands and kidney of vitamin D-deficient rats are not regulated by plasma calcium or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, Endocrinology, 136, 499, 10.1210/en.136.2.499 Brown, 1996, Rat calcium-sensing receptor is regulated by vitamin D but not by calcium, Am J Physiol, 270, F454 Brown, 1999, Vitamin D, Am J Physiol, 277, F157 Aslam, 2009, Growth-inhibitory effects of a mineralized extract from the red marine algae, Lithothamnion calcareum, on Ca(2+)-sensitive and Ca(2+)-resistant human colon carcinoma cells, Cancer Lett, 283, 186, 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.03.037 Aslam, 2010, A mineral-rich red algae extract inhibits polyp formation and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract of mice on a high-fat diet, Integr Cancer Ther, 9, 93, 10.1177/1534735409360360 Zaridze, 1991, Diet, alcohol consumption and reproductive factors in a case-control study of breast cancer in Moscow, Int J Cancer, 48, 493, 10.1002/ijc.2910480404 Negri, 1996, Intake of selected micronutrients and the risk of breast cancer, Int J Cancer, 65, 140, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960117)65:2<140::AID-IJC3>3.0.CO;2-Z Jacobson, 1989, Effects of dietary fat, calcium, and vitamin D on growth and mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in female Sprague-Dawley rats, Cancer Res, 49, 6300 Xue, 1999, Influence of dietary calcium and vitamin D on diet-induced epithelial cell hyperproliferation in mice, J Natl Cancer Inst, 91, 176, 10.1093/jnci/91.2.176 Cheng, 1998, Identification and localization of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor in human breast, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83, 703, 10.1210/jc.83.2.703 Sanders, 2000, Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor expression and its potential role in regulating parathyroid hormone-related peptide secretion in human breast cancer cell lines, Endocrinology, 141, 4357, 10.1210/en.141.12.4357 VanHouten, 2005, Calcium sensing by the mammary gland, J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia, 10, 129, 10.1007/s10911-005-5396-y Knight, 1977, Estrogen receptor as an independent prognostic factor for early recurrence in breast cancer, Cancer Res, 37, 4669 Maynard, 1978, Estrogen receptor assay in primary breast cancer and early recurrence of the disease, Cancer Res, 38, 4292 Osborne, 1980, The value of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the treatment of breast cancer, Cancer, 46, 2884, 10.1002/1097-0142(19801215)46:12+<2884::AID-CNCR2820461429>3.0.CO;2-U Croton, 1981, Oestrogen receptors and survival in early breast cancer, Br Med Assoc, 281, 1289, 10.1136/bmj.283.6302.1289 Howell, 1984, Steroid-hormone receptors and survival after first relapse in breast cancer, Lancet, 1, 588, 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90995-4 Hawkins, 1987, Prognostic significance of oestrogen and progestogen receptor activities in breast cancer, Br J Surg, 74, 1009, 10.1002/bjs.1800741118 Williams, 1987, Oestrogen receptors in primary and advanced breast cancer: an eight year review of 704 cases, Br J Cancer, 55, 67, 10.1038/bjc.1987.14 Thorpe, 1988, Estrogen and progesterone receptor determinations in breast cancer. Technology, biology and clinical significance, Acta Oncol, 27, 1, 10.3109/02841868809090312 Cummings, 1999, The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: results from the MORE randomized trial. Multiple outcomes of raloxifene evaluation, JAMA, 281, 2189, 10.1001/jama.281.23.2189 McCullough, 2005, Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the cancer prevention study II nutrition cohort, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 14, 2898, 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0611 Journe, 2004, Extracellular calcium downregulates estrogen receptor alpha and increases its transcriptional activity through calcium-sensing receptor in breast cancer cells, Bone, 35, 479, 10.1016/j.bone.2004.03.021 Liu, 2009, Calcium sensing receptor down-regulates malignant cell behavior and promotes chemosensitivity in human breast cancer cells, Cell Calcium, 45, 216, 10.1016/j.ceca.2008.10.004 McGrath, 1984, Calcium regulation of normal human mammary epithelial cell growth in culture, In Vitro, 20, 652, 10.1007/BF02619616 Ochieng, 1991, Buffering of intracellular calcium in response to increased extracellular levels in mortal, immortal, and transformed human breast epithelial cells, J Cell Biochem, 46, 250, 10.1002/jcb.240460308 Roodman, 2004, Mechanisms of bone metastasis, N Engl J Med, 350, 1655, 10.1056/NEJMra030831 Nguyen, 2009, Metastasis: from dissemination to organ-specific colonization, Nat Rev Cancer, 9, 274, 10.1038/nrc2622 Mundy, 2003, Endothelin-1 and osteoblastic metastasis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100, 10588, 10.1073/pnas.2035063100 Mamillapalli, 2008, Switching of G-protein usage by the calcium-sensing receptor reverses its effect on parathyroid hormone-related protein secretion in normal versus malignant breast cells, J Biol Chem, 283, 24435, 10.1074/jbc.M801738200 Tavtigian, 1996, The complete BRCA2 gene and mutations in chromosome 13q-linked kindreds, Nat Genet, 12, 333, 10.1038/ng0396-333 Welcsh, 2000, Insights into the functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2, Trends Genet, 16, 69, 10.1016/S0168-9525(99)01930-7 Struewing, 1997, The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews, N Engl J Med, 336, 1401, 10.1056/NEJM199705153362001 Billack, 2005, BRCA1 in breast and ovarian cancer predisposition, Cancer Lett, 227, 1, 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.11.006 Gudmundsdottir, 2006, The roles of BRCA1 and BRCA2 and associated proteins in the maintenance of genomic stability, Oncogene, 25, 5864, 10.1038/sj.onc.1209874 Deng, 2003, Roles of BRCA1 in DNA damage repair: a link between development and cancer, Hum Mol Genet, 12, R113, 10.1093/hmg/ddg082 Deng, 2006, BRCA1: cell cycle checkpoint, genetic instability, DNA damage response and cancer evolution, Nucleic Acids Res, 34, 1416, 10.1093/nar/gkl010 James, 2007, BRCA1, a potential predictive biomarker in the treatment of breast cancer, Oncologist, 12, 142, 10.1634/theoncologist.12-2-142 Promkan, 2009, BRCA1 modulates malignant cell behavior, the expression of survivin and chemosensitivity in human breast cancer cells, Int J Cancer, 125, 2820, 10.1002/ijc.24684 Promkan, 2011, BRCA1 suppresses the expression of survivin and promotes sensitivity to paclitaxel through the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) in human breast cancer cells, Cell Calcium, 49, 79, 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.01.003 Romoli, 1999, Expression of calcium-sensing receptor and characterization of intracellular signaling in human pituitary adenomas, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 84, 2848, 10.1210/jc.84.8.2848 Yano, 2000, Association of decreased calcium-sensing receptor expression with proliferation of parathyroid cells in secondary hyperparathyroidism, Kidney Int, 58, 1980, 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2000.00370.x Corbetta, 2002, Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in human normal and tumoral parathyroid cells, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87, 2201, 10.1210/jc.87.5.2201 Yamaguchi, 2002, The extracellular calcium Ca2+o-sensing receptor is expressed in myeloma cells and modulates cell proliferation, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 299, 532, 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02690-6 Sanders, 2001, Ca(2+)-sensing receptor expression and PTHrP secretion in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 281, E1267, 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.E1267 Yano, 2004, Calcium-sensing receptor activation stimulates parathyroid hormone-related protein secretion in prostate cancer cells: role of epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, Bone, 35, 664, 10.1016/j.bone.2004.04.014 Liao, 2006, Extracellular calcium as a candidate mediator of prostate cancer skeletal metastasis, Cancer Res, 66, 9065, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0317 Butler, 2010, Calcium intake increases risk of prostate cancer among Singapore Chinese, Cancer Res, 70, 4941, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-4544 Saidak, 2009, The role of the calcium-sensing receptor in the development and progression of cancer, Endocr Rev, 30, 178, 10.1210/er.2008-0041