Characteristic Sizes of Life in the Oceans, from Bacteria to Whales

Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 8 Số 1 - Trang 217-241 - 2016
Ken H. Andersen1,2, T Berge3,2, Rodrigo J. Gonçalves4,5,6,2, Martin Hartvig7,1,8, Jan Heuschele1,2, Samuel Hylander9,1, Nis Sand Jacobsen1,2, Christian Lindemann1, Erik A. Martens10,1,2, Anna B. Neuheimer7,11,1, Karin H. Olsson1,2, Artur Palacz1, A. E. Friederike Prowe12,12,1, Julie Sainmont1,2, Sachia J. Traving3,2, André W. Visser1,2, Navish Wadhwa13,2, Thomas Kiørboe1,2
1National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, 2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark; email: [email protected].
2VKR Centre for Ocean Life and
3Marine Biological Section, University of Copenhagen, 3000 Helsingør, Denmark
4Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina
5Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión, 9103 Rawson, Argentina
6National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, 2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
7Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
8Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
9Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, 391 82, Kalmar, Sweden
10Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
11Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
12GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
13Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

Tóm tắt

The size of an individual organism is a key trait to characterize its physiology and feeding ecology. Size-based scaling laws may have a limited size range of validity or undergo a transition from one scaling exponent to another at some characteristic size. We collate and review data on size-based scaling laws for resource acquisition, mobility, sensory range, and progeny size for all pelagic marine life, from bacteria to whales. Further, we review and develop simple theoretical arguments for observed scaling laws and the characteristic sizes of a change or breakdown of power laws. We divide life in the ocean into seven major realms based on trophic strategy, physiology, and life history strategy. Such a categorization represents a move away from a taxonomically oriented description toward a trait-based description of life in the oceans. Finally, we discuss life forms that transgress the simple size-based rules and identify unanswered questions.

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Annual Review of Marine Science

Tập 8 Số 1

217-241

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