Intravenous progesterone elicits a more rapid induction of lordosis in rats than does SKF38393
Tóm tắt
In ovariectomized (ovx), estradiol (E)-primed rats, progesterone (P) facilitates sexual receptivity within 2–30 min following intravenous (i.v.) administration. Intracerebroventricular infusion of P or the dopamine receptor type 1-like (D1) agonist, SKF38393, increases lordosis in ovx, E-primed rats, and intracellular progestin receptor (PR) blockers attenuate P and SKF38393’s facilitation of lordosis. The present experiments examined whether P can have effects via Dl receptors and compared the onset of P’s and SKF38393’s induction of lordosis following i.v. administration. Ovx rats (N = 20) with i.v. jugular catheters were primed daily with 2 µg E subcutaneously and were pretested for sexual receptivity. In Experiment 1, rats (n = 10) were repeatedly tested for receptivity 3–7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min following i.v. infusion of P (2 µg), SKF38393 (100 ng), and propylene glycol vehicle (0.2 cc). Progesterone increased postinfusion lordosis at all test times, whereas SKF38393’s increases in lordosis were not statistically significant until 15 min following i.v. infusion, relative to lordosis following vehicle or pretest conditions in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, rats (n = 15; 5 from Experiment 1, and 10 new subjects) received infusions of the antiprogestin, RU38486, the D1 antagonist, SCH23390, or vehicle followed by a second P or vehicle infusion. Although both RU38486 and SCH23390 blocked the facilitatory effects of P on lordosis, their effects varied. RU38486 completely blocked P’s effects, whereas SCH23390 did not. In Experiment 3, rats (n = 15, from Experiment 2) received infusions of RU38486, SCH23390, or vehicle followed by a second SKF38393 or vehicle infusion. RU38486 and SCH23390 both effectively blocked the facilitatory effects of SKF38393 on lordosis. In Experiment 4, rats (n = 15, from Experiment 3) received i.v. infusions of P, which rapidly and significantly increased the number of super-threshold spikes in the ventral tegmental area, but not in the ventral medial hypothalamus or in the parietal cortex. These data suggest that actions at intracellular progestin receptors do not account for all of P’s effects to facilitate receptivity. Interestingly, although PRs may be involved in P and D1 ligand’s activation of female sexual behavior, D1 receptors are not required for P’s effects. However, i.v. P rapidly and significantly alters neuronal activity in sites with the greatest concentration of dopamine neurons (ventral tegmental area > ventral medial hypothalamus > cortex).
Tài liệu tham khảo
Agmo, A., & Soria, P. (1997). GABAergic drugs and sexual motivation, receptivity, and exploratory behaviors in the female rat. Psychopharmacology, 129, 372–381.
Ahlenius, S. (1993). Brain monoaminergic neurotransmission in the mediation of lordosis behavior in the female rat. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 17, 43–49.
Apostolakis, E. M., Garai, J., Clark, J. H., & O’Malley, B. W. (1996). In vivo regulation of central nervous system progesterone receptors: Cocaine induces steroid-dependent behavior through dopamine transporter modulation of D5 receptors in rats. Molecular Endocrinology, 12, 1595–1604.
Apostolakis, E. M., Garai, J., Fox, C., Smith, C. L., Watson, S. J., Clark, J. H., & O’Malley, B. W. (1996). Dopaminergic regulation of progesterone receptors: Brain D5 dopamine receptors mediate induction of lordosis by D1-like agonists in rats. Journal of Neuroscience, 16, 4823–4834.
Baulieu, E. E., Schumacher, M., Koenig, H., Jung-Testas, I., & Akwa, Y. (1996). Progesterone as a neurosteroid: Actions within the nervous system. Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, 16, 143–154.
Beatty, W. W. (1992). Gonadal hormones and sex differences in non-reproductive behaviors. In A. A. Gerall, H. Moltz, & I. L. Ward (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral neurobiology: Vol. 11. Sexual differentiation (pp. 85–128). New York: Plenum.
Biegon, A., & McEwen, B. S. (1982). Modulation by estradiol of serotonin receptors in brain. Journal of Neuroscience, 2, 199–205.
Bitran, D., Purdy, R. H., & Kellogg, C. K. (1993). Anxiolytic effect of progesterone is associated with increases in cortical allopregnanolone and GABAA receptor function. Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, 45, 423–428.
Blaustein, J. D., Brown, T. J., & McElroy, J. F. (1986). Some catecholamine inhibitors do not cause accumulation of nuclear estrogen receptors in rat hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland. Neuroendocrinology, 43, 143–149.
Blaustein, J. D., & Turcotte, J. (1988). Estrogen receptor-immunostaining of neuronal cytoplasmic processes as well as cell nuclei in guinea pig brain. Brain Research, 495, 75–82.
DeBold, J. F., & Frye, C. A. (1994a). Genomic and non-genomic actions of progesterone in the control of female hamster sexual behavior. Hormones & Behavior, 24, 445–453.
DeBold, J. F., & Frye, C. A. (1994b). Progesterone and the neural mechanisms of hamster sexual behavior. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 19, 563–579.
Dluzen, D. E., & Ramirez, V. D. (1989). Progesterone effects upon dopamine release from the striatum of female rats: II. Evidence for a membrane site of action and the role of albumin. Brain Research, 476, 338–344.
Dunn, R. W., Reed, T. A. W., Copeland, P. D., & Frye, C. A. (1998). The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole displays enhanced anxiolytic efficacy without tolerance in rats following subchronic administration. Neuropharmacology, 37, 899–904.
Eliasson, M., & Meyerson, B. J. (1976). Comparison of the action of lysergic acid diethyamide and apomorphine on the copulatory response of the female rat. Psychopharmacology, 49, 301–306.
Etgen, A. M., Ungar, S., & Petitti, N. (1992). Estradiol and progesterone modulation of norepinephrine neurotransmission—Implications for the regulation of female reproductive behavior. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 4, 255–271.
Everitt, B. J., Fuxe, K. J., & Hokfelt, T. (1974). Inhibitory role of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the sexual behavior of female rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 29, 187–191.
Feder, H. H. (1984). Hormone and sexual behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 35, 165–200.
Felicio, L. F., & Nasello, A. G. (1989). Effect of acute bromopride treatment on rat prolactin levels and sexual behavior. British Journal of Medical & Biological Research, 22, 1011–1014.
Foreman, M. M., & Hall, J. L. (1987). Effects of D2-dopaminergic receptor stimulation on the lordotic response of female rats. Psychopharmacology, 91, 96–100.
Foreman, M. M., & Moss, R. L. (1979). Role of hypothalamic dopaminergic receptors in the control of lordosis behavior in the female rat. Physiology Behavior, 22, 283–289.
Frye, C. A., Bayon, L. E., Pursnani, N. K., & Purdy, R. H. (1998). Neurosteroids, P and 3α,5α-THP, enhance proceptivity, receptivity, and sexual motivation in female rats. Brain Research, 808, 72–83.
Frye, C. A., & DeBold, J. F. (1992a). Muscimol facilitates sexual receptivity in hamsters when infused into the ventral tegmentum. Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, 42, 879–887.
Frye, C. A., & DeBold, J. F. (1992b). P-3-BSA, but not P-l1-BSA, implants in the VTA rapidly facilitate receptivity in hamsters after progesterone priming to the VMH. Behavioural Brain Research, 53, 167–175.
Frye, C. A., & DeBold, J. F. (1993). 3α-OH-DHP and 5α-THDOC implants to the VTA facilitate sexual receptivity in hamsters after progesterone priming to the the VMH. Brain Research, 612, 130–137.
Frye, C. A., & Duncan, J. E. (1994). Progesterone metabolites, effective at the GABAA receptor complex, attenuate pain sensitivity in rats. Brain Research, 643, 194–203.
Frye, C. A., & Duncan, J. E. (1995). Estradiol benzoate potentiates neuroactive steroids’ effects on pain sensitivity. Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, 53, 27–32.
Frye, C. A., & Gardiner, S. G. (1996a). Progestins can have a membrane-mediated action in rat midbrain for facilitation of sexual receptivity. Hormones & Behavior, 30, 682–691.
Frye, C. A., & Gardiner, S. G. (1996b). Progestins can have a membrane-mediated action in rat midbrain for facilitation of sexual receptivity that is likely GABA mediated. Italian Journal of Anatomy & Embryology, 101, 162–163.
Frye, C. A., & Leadbetter, E. M. (1994). 5α-reduced progesterone metabolites are essential in hamster VTA for sexual receptivity. Life Sciences, 54, 653–659.
Frye, C. A., Mermelstein, P. G., & DeBold, J. F. (1992). Evidence for a non-genomic action of progestins on sexual receptivity in hamster VTA but not hypothalamus. Brain Research, 578, 87–93.
Frye, C. A., Mermelstein, P. G., & DeBold, J. F. (1993). Bicuculline infused in the hamster ventral tegmentum inhibits, while sodium valproate facilitates, sexual receptivity. Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, 46, 1–8.
Frye, C. A., & Murphy, R. E. (in press). Antisense oligonucleotides, for progestin receptors in the hypothalamus and glutamic acid decarboxylase in the midbrain, block progesterone-induced lordosis in rats. Behavioural Brain Research.
Frye, C. A., van Keuran, K. R., & Erskine, M. S. (1996). Behavioral effects of 3α- androstanediol: I. Modulation of sexual receptivity and promotion of GABA-stimulated chloride flux. Behavioural Brain Research, 79, 109–118.
Frye, C. A., & Vongher, J. M. (1999a). GABAA, D1 and D5, but not progestin, receptor antagonists and anti-sense oligonucleotides to the ventral tegmental area of cycling rats and hamsters attenuate lordosis. Behavioural Brain Research, 103, 23–34.
Frye, C. A., & Vongher, J. M. (1999b). Progesterone has rapid and membrane effects in the facilitation of female mouse sexual behavior. Brain Research, 815, 259–269.
Gans, S. E., & McClintock, M. K. (1993). Individual differences among female rats in the timing of the preovulatory LH surge are predicted by lordosis reflex intensity. Hormones & Behavior, 27, 403–417.
Giordano, A. L., Johnson, A. E., & Rosenblatt, J. S. (1990). Haloperidol induced disruption of retrieval behavior and reversal with apomorphine in lactating rats. Physiology & Behavior, 48, 211–214.
Glaser, J. H., Rubin, B. S., & Barfield, R. J. (1983). Onset of the receptive and proceptive components of feminine sexual behavior in rats following the intravenous administration of progesterone. Hormones & Behavior, 17, 18–27.
Grierson, J. P., James, M. D., Pearson, J. R., & Wilson, C. A. (1988). The effect of selective D1 and D2 dopaminergic agents on sexual receptivity in the female rat. Neuropharmacology, 27, 181–189.
Hardy, D. F., & DeBold, J. F. (1971). Effects of mounts without intromission upon the behavior of female rats during the onset of estrogen-induced heat. Physiology & Behavior, 7, 643–645.
Hull, E. M., Bazzett, T. J., Warner, R. K., Eaton, R. C., & Thompson, J. T. (1990). Dopamine receptors in the ventral tegmental area modulate male sexual behavior in rats. Brain Research, 512, 1–6.
Kalra, S. P., Clark, J. T., & Kalra, P. S. (1988). The role of adrenergic and neuropeptidergic systems in the regulation of male sexual behavior. In A. Negro-Vilar, A. Isidori, J. Paulson, R. Abdelmassila, & M. P. P. de Castro (Eds.), Andrology and human reproduction (Serono Symposia, Vol. 44, pp. 203–212). New York: Raven.
Kow, L.-M., Mobbs, C. V., & Pfaff, D. W. (1994). Roles of second-messenger systems and neuronal activity in the regulation of lordosis by neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and estrogen: A review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 18, 251–268.
Kubli-Garfias, C., & Whalen, R. E. (1977). Induction of lordosis behavior in female rats by intravenous administration of progestins. Hormones & Behavior, 9, 380–386.
Lisk, R. D. (1960). A comparison of the effectiveness of intravenous, as opposed to subcutaneous, injections of progesterone for the induction of estrous behavior in the rat. Canadian Journal of Biochemical Psychology, 38, 1381–1383.
Luttge, W. G., & Wallis, C. J. (1973). In vitro accumulation and saturation of 3H progestins in limbic, diencephalic and mesencephalic regions of the mouse brain. Life Sciences, 12, 419–424.
Luttge, W. G., Wallis, C. W., & Hall, N. R. (1974). Effects of pre- and posttreatment with unlabelled steroids on the in vivo uptake of 3H progestins in selected brain regions, uterus and plasma of the female mouse. Brain Research, 71, 105–115.
Majewska, M. D. (1987). Actions of steroids on neuron: Role in personality, mood, stress, and disease. Integrated Psychiatry, 5, 5258–5273.
Mani, S. K., Allen, J. M. C., Clark, J. H., Blaustein, J. D., & O’Malley, B. W. (1994). Convergent pathways for steroid hormone- and neurotransmitter-induced rat sexual behavior. Science, 265, 1246–1249.
Mani, S. K., Allen, J. M. C., Lydon, J. P., Mulac-Jericevic, B., Blaustein, J. D., DeMayo, F. J., Conneely, O., & O’Malley, B. W. (1996). Dopamine requires the unoccupied progesterone receptor to induce sexual behavior in mice. Molecular Endocrinology, 10, 1728–1737.
Mani, S. K., Blaustein, J. D., Allen, J. M. C., Law, S. W., O’Malley, B. W., & Clark, J. H. (1994). Inhibition of rat sexual behavior by antisense oligonucleotides to the progesterone receptor. Endocrinology, 135, 1409–1414.
McCormick, C. M., Smythe, J. W., Sharma, S., & Meaney, M. J. (1995). Sex-specific effects of pre-natal stress on hypothalamicpituitary adrenal responses to stress and brain glucocorticoid receptor density in adult rats. Developmental Brain Research, 84, 55–61.
Mermelstein, P. G., & Becker, J. B. (1995). Increased extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of the female rat during paced copulatory behavior. Behavioral Neuroscience, 109, 354–365.
Meyerson, B. J. (1967). Relationship between the anesthetic and gestagenic action and estrous-inducing activity of different progestins. Endocrinology, 81, 369–374.
Meyerson, B. J. (1968). Amphetamine and 5HT inhibition of copulatory behavior in the female rat. Annales Medicine Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae, 46, 394–398.
Meyerson, B. J. (1972). Latency between intravenous injection of progestins and the appearance of estrous behavior in estrogen-treated rats. Hormones & Behavior, 3, 1–9.
Meyerson, B. J., Carrer, H., & Eliasson, M. (1974). 5-Hydroxytrytamine and sexual behavior in the female rat. Advanced Biochemical Psychopharmacology, 11, 229–242.
Munn, A. R., Sar, M., & Stumpf, W. E. (1983). Topographic distribution of progestin target cells in hamster brain and pituitary after injection of [3H] R5020. Brain Research, 274, 1–10.
Paxinos, G., & Watson, C. (1986). The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. New York: Academic Press.
Rose, J. D. (1990). Tectoreticular neuronal activity associated with behavior and progesterone action during the induction of lordosis responding in hamsters. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 16, 924.
Sar, M., & Stumpf, W. [E.] (1973). Neurons of the hypothalamus concentrate 3H progesterone or its metabolites. Science, 182, 1266–1268.
Selye, H. (1941). Anaesthetic effects of steroid hormones. Proceedings of Experimental Biological Medicine, 46, 116–121.
Selye, H. (1942). The antagonism between anesthetic steroid hormones and pentamethylenetetrazol (metrazol). Journal of Laboratory & Clinical Medicine, 27, 1051–1053.
Sietnieks, A., & Meyerson, B. J. (1985). Effect of domperidone on apomorphine inhibition of the copulatory response and exploratory behavior in the female rat. Acta Pharmacologica & Toxicologica, 57, 160–165.
Vongher, J., & Frye, C. A. (1997, June). Finasteride and epostane reduce lordosis when applied to the midbrain of rats and hamsters. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroendocrinology, Baltimore.
Ward, I. L., Crowley, W. R., Zemlan, F. P., & Margules, D. L. (1975). Monoaminergic mediation of female sexual behavior. Journal of Comparative & Physiological Psychology, 88, 53–61.
Warembourg, M., Poulain, P., & Jolivet, A. (1992). Progesterone receptor-containing neurons in the guinea-pig mediobasal hypothalamus have axonal projections to the medial preoptic area. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 4, 273–279.
Whalen, R. E., & Lauber, A. H. (1986). Progesterone substitutes: cGMP mediation. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 10, 47–53.
Whalen, R. E., & Luttge, W. G. (1971a). Differential localization of progesterone uptake in brain: Role of sex, estrogen pretreatment and adrenalectomy. Brain Research, 33, 139–146.
Whalen, R. E., & Luttge, W. G. (1971b). Role of the adrenal in prefential accumulation of progestins by mesencephalic structures. Steroids, 18, 141–146.
Wise, R. A., & Rompre, P. P. (1989). Brain dopamine and reward. Annual Reviews in Psychology, 40, 191–225.