Biological activities and distribution of plant saponins

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Choi, 2002, Antinociceptive and anti-rheumatoidal effects of Kalopanax pictus extract and its saponin components in experimental animals, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 79, 199, 10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00383-X Cioffi, 2001, Triterpene saponins from Tupidanthus calyptratus, Journal of Natural Products, 64, 750, 10.1021/np000375y Crublet, 2002, Acylated triterpenoid saponins from the stem bark of Foetidia africana, Journal of Natural Products, 65, 1560, 10.1021/np020151a da Silva, 2002, A new bioactive steroidal saponin from Agave attenuata, Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C, 57, 423, 10.1515/znc-2002-5-603 de Andrade, 2002, Studies on the constituents of a Brazilian folk infusion. 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Antileishmanial activity of three saponins isolated from ivy, α-hederin, β-hederin and hederacolchiside A1, as compared to their action on mammalian cells cultured in vitro. Planta Medica 66, 343–347. Desbéne, 1999, Biologically active triterpene saponins from callus tissue of Polygala amarella, Journal of Natural Products, 62, 923, 10.1021/np980577i Dini, 2001, Studies on the constituents of Chenopodium quinoa seeds: isolation and characterization of new triterpene saponins, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, 741, 10.1021/jf000971y Dini, 2001, New oleanane saponins in Chenopodium quinoa, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, 3976, 10.1021/jf010361d Dini, 2002, Oleanane saponins in “kancolla”, a sweet variety of Chenopodium quinoa, Journal of Natural Products, 65, 1023, 10.1021/np010625q Dizes, 1998, Harpuloside A triterpenoid saponins from Harpullia ramiflora, Phytochemistry, 48, 1229, 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00166-6 Dong, 2001, Two novel furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burkill and their cytotoxic activity, Tetrahedron, 57, 501, 10.1016/S0040-4020(00)01024-3 Dong, 2001, Two new steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea panthaica and their cytotoxic activity, Planta Medica, 67, 853, 10.1055/s-2001-18856 Dou, 2001, Six new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the leaves of Panax ginseng, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 442, 10.1248/cpb.49.442 Elgamal, 1998, Two triterpene saponins from Arenaria filicaulis, Phytochemistry, 49, 189, 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)01058-3 ElSohly, 1999, New antimycobacterial saponin from Colubrina retusa, Journal of Natural Products, 62, 1341, 10.1021/np9901940 Escalante, 2002, Isolation of antifungal saponins from Phytolacca tetramera, an Argentinean species in critic risk, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 82, 29, 10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00145-9 Estrada, 2000, Isolation and evaluation of immunological adjuvant activities of saponins from Polygala senega L. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 23, 27, 10.1016/S0147-9571(99)00020-X Fabricant, 2001, The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery, Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 69, 10.1289/ehp.01109s169 Fattorusso, 2000, Cytotoxic saponins from bulbs of Allium porrum L, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48, 3455, 10.1021/jf000331v Fu, 2001, Fargosides A-E, triterpenoids saponins from Holboellia fargesii, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 999, 10.1248/cpb.49.999 Fujioka, 2003, Antiproliferative constituents from Umbelliferae plants VI. New ursane-type saikosaponin analogs from the fruits of Bupleurum rotundifolium, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 51, 365, 10.1248/cpb.51.365 Fujiwara, 2003, Cytotoxic major saponin from tomato fruits, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 51, 234, 10.1248/cpb.51.234 Fukuda, 2000, Isolation of the pharmocologically active saponin Ginsenoside Rb1 from ginseng by immunoaffinity column chromatography, Journal of Natural Products, 63, 283, 10.1021/np990356s Gaidi, 2000, A new major triterpene saponin from the roots of Cucurbita foetidissima, Journal of Natural Products, 63, 122, 10.1021/np9902800 Gaidi, 2000, Two new biologically active triterpene saponins from Acanthophyllum squarrosum, Journal of Natural Products, 63, 1497, 10.1021/np000212+ Gaidi, 2001, Junceosides A–C, new triterpene saponins from Arenaria juncea, Journal of Natural Products, 64, 1533, 10.1021/np010353r Gaidi, 2001, Three new acylated triterpene saponins from Acanthophyllum squarrosum, Journal of Natural Products, 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65, 115, 10.1021/np000600b Hiradate, 1999, Three plant growth inhibiting saponins from Duranta repens, Phytochemistry, 52, 1223, 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00408-2 Huan, 1998, Oleanane saponins from Polyscias fruticosa, Phytochemistry, 47, 451, 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00618-3 Huang, 2000, Ardisimamillosides C–F, four new triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia mamillata, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 48, 1413, 10.1248/cpb.48.1413 Huang, 2000, Triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia mamillata, Phytochemistry, 54, 817, 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00173-4 Huang, 2001, Latifolosides K and L, two new triterpenoid saponins from the bark of Ilex latifolia, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 765, 10.1248/cpb.49.765 Huang, 2001, Latifolosides I and J., two new triterpenoid saponins from the bark of Ilex latifolia, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 239, 10.1248/cpb.49.239 Huang, 2003, Molluscicidal saponins from Sapindus mukorossi, inhibitory agents of golden apple snails, Pomacea canaliculata, 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10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00364-7 Ma, 2001, Triterpenoid saponins from Vaccaria segetalis, Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 19, 606, 10.1002/cjoc.20010190612 Marciani, 2001, Altered immunomodulating and toxicological properties of degraded Quillaja saponaria Molina saponins, International Immunopharmacology, 1, 813, 10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00016-9 Marquina, 2001, Bioactive oleanolic acid saponins and other constituents from the roots of Viguiera decurrens, Phytochemistry, 56, 93, 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00283-1 Matsuda, 1999, Bioactive saponins and glycosides. XIV. Structure elucidation and immunological adjuvant activity of novel protojujubogenin type triterpene bisdesmosides, protojujubosides A, B, and B1, from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (Zizyphi Spinosi Semen), Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 47, 1744, 10.1248/cpb.47.1744 Matsuda, 2001, Medicinal foodstuffs. XXVII. Saponin constituents of gotu kola (2): structures of new ursane- and oleanane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, centellasaponins B, C, and D, from Centella asiatica cultivated in Sri Lanka, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 1368, 10.1248/cpb.49.1368 Matsuura, 2001, Saponins in garlic as modifiers of the risk of cardiovascular disease, The Journal of Nutrition, 131, 1000S, 10.1093/jn/131.3.1000S Melek, 2003, Triterpenoid saponins from Meryta lanceolata, Phytochemistry, 62, 557, 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00386-2 Meselhy, 1998, Hopane-type saponins from Polycarpon succulentum—II, Phytochemistry, 48, 1415, 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00156-3 Michl, 2000, New triterpenoid saponins from Achyranthes aspera Linn, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 83, 359, 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2675(20000216)83:2<359::AID-HLCA359>3.0.CO;2-7 Mimaki, 1998, Aculeoside B, a new bisdesmosidic spirostanol saponin from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus, Journal of Natural Products, 61, 1279, 10.1021/np9704563 Mimaki, 1998, Steroidal saponins from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus and their cytostatic activity on HL-60 cells, Phytochemistry, 48, 485, 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00036-3 Mimaki, 1998, Steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Hosta sieboldii and their cytostatic activity on HL-60 cells, Phytochemistry, 48, 1361, 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00157-5 Mimaki, 1998, Steroidal saponins from the leaves of Cordyline stricta, Phytochemistry, 47, 79, 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00545-1 Mimaki, 1998, Steroidal saponins from the stems of Dracaena concinna, Phytochemistry, 47, 1351, 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00717-6 Mimaki, 1999, Triterpene saponins and lignans from the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis and their cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cells, Journal of Natural Products, 62, 1279, 10.1021/np9901837 Mimaki, 1999, Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Allium karataviense, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 47, 738, 10.1248/cpb.47.738 Mimaki, 1999, Steroidal saponins from the aerial parts of Dracaena draco and their cytostatic activity on HL-60 cells, Phytochemistry, 50, 805, 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00614-1 Mimaki, 1999, A spirostanol saponin from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus, Phytochemistry, 51, 689, 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00076-X Mimaki, 1999, Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Lilium candidum, Phytochemistry, 51, 567, 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00022-9 Mimaki, 2001, Flavonol glycosides and steroidal saponins from the leaves of Cestrum nocturnum and their cytotoxicity, Journal of Natural Products, 64, 17, 10.1021/np0003701 Mimaki, 2001, Cytotoxic activities and structure–cytotoxic relationships of steroidal saponins, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 24, 1286, 10.1248/bpb.24.1286 Mitaine-Offer, 2001, Two triterpene saponins from Achyranthes bidentata, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 1492, 10.1248/cpb.49.1492 Mitaine-Offer, 2001, Bidentatoside I, a new triterpene saponin from Achyranthes bidentata, Journal of Natural Products, 64, 243, 10.1021/np000464a Mitaine-Offer, 2002, Three new triterpene saponins from two species of Carpolobia, Journal of Natural Products, 65, 553, 10.1021/np010546e Miyakoshi, 1999, Triterpenoid saponins fo Acanthopanax nipponicus leaves, Journal of Natural Products, 62, 445, 10.1021/np9804334 Miyakoshi, 2000, Antiyeast steroidal saponins from Yucca schidigera (Mohave yucca), a new anti-food-deteriorating agent, Journal of Natural Products, 63, 332, 10.1021/np9904354 Mølgaard, 2000, Biodegradability of the molluscicidal saponins of Phytolacca dodecandra, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 32, 248, 10.1006/rtph.2000.1390 Mshvildadze, 2000, Antifungal and antiprotozoal activities of saponins from Hedera colchica, Pharmazie, 55, 325 Mshvildadze, 2001, Triterpenoid saponins from berries of Hedera colchica, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 49, 752, 10.1248/cpb.49.752 Mujoo, 2001, Triterpenoid saponins from Acacia victoriae (Bentham) decrease tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis, Cancer Research, 61, 5486 Murakami, 1999, Medicinal foodstuffs. 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