XMAP215 Is a Processive Microtubule Polymerase

Al-Bassam, 2006, Stu2p binds tubulin and undergoes an open-to-closed conformational change, J. Cell Biol., 172, 1009, 10.1083/jcb.200511010 Al-Bassam, 2007, Crystal structure of a TOG domain: conserved features of XMAP215/Dis1-family TOG domains and implications for tubulin binding, Structure, 15, 355, 10.1016/j.str.2007.01.012 Ali, 2007, Myosin Va maneuvers through actin intersections and diffuses along microtubules, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 4332, 10.1073/pnas.0611471104 Arnal, 2000, Structural transitions at microtubule ends correlate with their dynamic properties in Xenopus egg extracts, J. Cell Biol., 149, 767, 10.1083/jcb.149.4.767 Ashford, 1998, Preparation of tubulin from bovine brain, 205 Brittle, 2005, Mini spindles, the XMAP215 homologue, suppresses pausing of interphase microtubules in Drosophila, EMBO J., 24, 1387, 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600629 Cassimeris, 2004, TOGp, the human homolog of XMAP215/Dis1, is required for centrosome integrity, spindle pole organization, and bipolar spindle assembly, Mol. Biol. Cell, 15, 1580, 10.1091/mbc.e03-07-0544 Cassimeris, 2001, XMAP215 is a long thin molecule that does not increase microtubule stiffness, J. Cell Sci., 114, 3025, 10.1242/jcs.114.16.3025 Chretien, 1995, Structure of growing microtubule ends: two-dimensional sheets close into tubes at variable rates, J. Cell Biol., 129, 1311, 10.1083/jcb.129.5.1311 Garcia, 2001, Fission yeast ch-TOG/XMAP215 homologue Alp14 connects mitotic spindles with the kinetochore and is a component of the Mad2-dependent spindle checkpoint, EMBO J., 20, 3389, 10.1093/emboj/20.13.3389 Gard, 2004, MAPping the eukaryotic tree of life: structure, function, and evolution of the MAP215/Dis1 family of microtubule-associated proteins, Int. Rev. Cytol., 239, 179, 10.1016/S0074-7696(04)39004-2 Gard, 1987, A microtubule-associated protein from Xenopus eggs that specifically promotes assembly at the plus-end, J. Cell Biol., 105, 2203, 10.1083/jcb.105.5.2203 Gard, 1987, Microtubule assembly in cytoplasmic extracts of Xenopus oocytes and eggs, J. Cell Biol., 105, 2191, 10.1083/jcb.105.5.2191 Gergely, 2003, The ch-TOG/XMAP215 protein is essential for spindle pole organization in human somatic cells, Genes Dev., 17, 336, 10.1101/gad.245603 Goode, 2007, Mechanism and function of formins in control of actin assembly, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 76, 593, 10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142647 Goshima, 2005, Length control of the metaphase spindle, Curr. Biol., 15, 1979, 10.1016/j.cub.2005.09.054 Halford, 2004, How do site-specific DNA-binding proteins find their targets?, Nucleic Acids Res., 32, 3040, 10.1093/nar/gkh624 Helenius, 2006, The depolymerizing kinesin MCAK uses lattice diffusion to rapidly target microtubule ends, Nature, 441, 115, 10.1038/nature04736 Hestermann, 2004, The XMAP215-family protein DdCP224 is required for cortical interactions of microtubules, BMC Cell Biol., 5, 24, 10.1186/1471-2121-5-24 Hiller, 1978, Radioimmunoassay for tubulin - quantitative comparison of tubulin content of different established tissue-culture cells and tissues, Cell, 14, 795, 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90335-5 Howard, 2001 Howard, 1993, Preparation of marked microtubules for the assay of the polarity of microtubule-based motors by fluorescence microscopy, Methods Cell Biol., 39, 105, 10.1016/S0091-679X(08)60164-8 Hunter, 2003, The kinesin-related protein MCAK is a microtubule depolymerase that forms an ATP-hydrolyzing complex at microtubule ends, Mol. Cell, 11, 445, 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00049-2 Hyman, 1991, Preparation of modified tubulins, Methods Enzymol., 196, 478, 10.1016/0076-6879(91)96041-O Kerssemakers, 2006, Assembly dynamics of microtubules at molecular resolution, Nature, 442, 709, 10.1038/nature04928 Kinoshita, 2001, Reconstitution of physiological microtubule dynamics using purified components, Science, 294, 1340, 10.1126/science.1064629 Kinoshita, 2002, XMAP215: a key component of the dynamic microtubule cytoskeleton, Trends Cell Biol., 12, 267, 10.1016/S0962-8924(02)02295-X Kinoshita, 2005, Aurora A phosphorylation of TACC3/maskin is required for centrosome-dependent microtubule assembly in mitosis, J. Cell Biol., 170, 1047, 10.1083/jcb.200503023 Kovar, 2006, Control of the assembly of ATP- and ADP-actin by formins and profilin, Cell, 124, 423, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.038 Kwok, 2006, Allosteric inhibition of kinesin-5 modulates its processive directional motility, Nat. Chem. Biol., 2, 480, 10.1038/nchembio812 Lee, 2001, Msps/XMAP215 interacts with the centrosomal protein D-TACC to regulate microtubule behaviour, Nat. Cell Biol., 3, 643, 10.1038/35083033 Mandelkow, 1991, Microtubule dynamics and microtubule caps: a time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy study, J. Cell Biol., 114, 977, 10.1083/jcb.114.5.977 Matthews, 1998, ZYG-9, a Caenorhabditis elegans protein required for microtubule organization and function, is a component of meiotic and mitotic spindle poles, J. Cell Biol., 141, 1159, 10.1083/jcb.141.5.1159 Nakaseko, 2001, M phase-specific kinetochore proteins in fission yeast: Microtubule-associating Dis1 and Mtc1 display rapid separation and segregation during anaphase, Curr. Biol., 11, 537, 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00155-5 Niethammer, 2007, Discrete states of a protein interaction network govern interphase and mitotic microtubule dynamics, PLoS Biol., 5, 190, 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050029 Northrup, 1992, Kinetics of protein protein association explained by Brownian dynamics computer-simulation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 3338, 10.1073/pnas.89.8.3338 Ohkura, 1988, Cold-sensitive and caffeine-supersensitive mutants of the Schizosaccharomyces-pombe dis genes implicated in sister chromatid separation during mitosis, EMBO J., 7, 1465, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02964.x Otomo, 2005, Structural basis of actin filament nucleation and processive capping by a formin homology 2 domain, Nature, 433, 488, 10.1038/nature03251 Parsons, 1997, Microtubule assembly in clarified Xenopus egg extracts, Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 36, 1, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1997)36:1<1::AID-CM1>3.0.CO;2-E Romero, 2007, How ATP hydrolysis controls filament assembly from profilin-actin: implication for formin processivity, J. Biol. Chem., 282, 8435, 10.1074/jbc.M609886200 Romero, 2004, Formin is a processive motor that requires profilin to accelerate actin assembly and associated ATP hydrolysis, Cell, 119, 419, 10.1016/j.cell.2004.09.039 Sato, 2007, Alp7/TACC is a crucial target in Ran-GTPase-dependent spindle formation in fission yeast, Nature, 447, 334, 10.1038/nature05773 Schurmann, 2001, Cell adhesion molecule L1 in folded (horseshoe) and extended conformations, Mol. Biol. Cell, 12, 1765, 10.1091/mbc.12.6.1765 Severin, 2001, Stu2 promotes mitotic spindle elongation in anaphase, J. Cell Biol., 153, 435, 10.1083/jcb.153.2.435 Shirasu-Hiza, 2003, Identification of XMAP215 as a microtubule-destabilizing factor in Xenopus egg extract by biochemical purification, J. Cell Biol., 161, 349, 10.1083/jcb.200211095 Slep, 2007, Structural basis of microtubule plus end tracking by XMAP215, CLIP-170, and EB1, Mol. Cell, 27, 976, 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.07.023 Spittle, 2000, The interaction of TOGp with microtubules and tubulin, J. Biol. Chem., 275, 20748, 10.1074/jbc.M002597200 Srayko, 2005, Identification and characterization of factors required for microtubule growth and nucleation in the early C. elegans embryo, Dev. Cell, 9, 223, 10.1016/j.devcel.2005.07.003 Srayko, 2003, Caenorhabditis elegans TAC-1 and ZYG-9 form a complex that is essential for long astral and spindle microtubules, Curr. Biol., 13, 1506, 10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00597-9 Thorn, 2000, Engineering the processive run length of the kinesin motor, J. Cell Biol., 151, 1093, 10.1083/jcb.151.5.1093 Tournebize, 2000, Control of microtubule dynamics by the antagonistic activities of XMAP215 and XKCM1 in Xenopus egg extracts, Nat. Cell Biol., 2, 13, 10.1038/71330 van Breugel, 2003, Stu2p, the budding yeast member of the conserved Dis1/XMAP215 family of microtubule-associated proteins is a plus end-binding microtubule destabilizer, J. Cell Biol., 161, 359, 10.1083/jcb.200211097 Vasquez, 1994, XMAP from Xenopus eggs promotes rapid plus end assembly of microtubules and rapid microtubule polymer turnover, J. Cell Biol., 127, 985, 10.1083/jcb.127.4.985 Vasquez, 1999, Phosphorylation by CDK1 regulates XMAP215 function in vitro, Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 43, 310, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1999)43:4<310::AID-CM4>3.0.CO;2-J Wang, 2000, The C-terminus of tubulin increases cytoplasmic dynein and kinesin processivity, Biophys. J., 78, 1955, 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76743-9 Westermann, 2006, The Dam1 kinetochore ring complex moves processively on depolymerizing microtubule ends, Nature, 440, 565, 10.1038/nature04409 Whittington, 2001, MOR1 is essential for organizing cortical microtubules in plants, Nature, 411, 610, 10.1038/35079128