Electrosorption of Inorganic Salts from Aqueous Solution Using Carbon Aerogels

Environmental Science & Technology - Tập 36 Số 13 - Trang 3010-3019 - 2002
Christopher J. Gabelich1, Tri Tran1, I. H. Suffet1
1Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, La Verne, California 91750, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, and University of California, Los Angeles, California 90624

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Caudle, D. D.; Tucker, J. H.; Cooper, B. B.; Arnold, B. B.; Papastamataki, A. Research and Development Progress Report 188; U.S. Department of the Interior (USDI):  Washington, DC, 1966.

Johnson, A. M.; Venolia, A. W.; Newman, J.; Wilbourne, R. G.; Wong, C. M.; Gillam, W. S.; Johnson, S.; Horowitz, R. H. The Electrosorb Process for Desalting Water; R&D Progress Report 516 (USDI Publication 200 056); Office of Saline Water:  Washington, DC, 1970.

10.1149/1.2408094

10.1007/BF00617522

10.1149/1.2109035

10.1021/ac00065a022

Kaschmitter, J. L.; Mayer, S. T.; Pekala, R. W. U.S. Patent No. 5,260,855; 1993.

Pekala, R. W.; Alviso, C. T. Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels. In Novel Forms of Carbon; MRS Symposium Proceedings Vol. 270; Renschler, C. L., Pouch, J. J., Cox, D. M., Eds.; Materials Research Society:  Pittsburgh, 1992.

10.1149/1.1836402

Farmer, J. C.; Tran, T. D.; Richardson, J. H.; Fix, D. V. The Application of Carbon Aerogel Electrodes to Desalination and Waste Treatment. In Proceedings of the Separation Science and Technologies Conference; American Institute of Chemical Engineers:  Los Angeles, 1997.

Pekala, R. W.; Mayer, S. T.; Poco, J. F.; Kaschmitter, J. L. Structure and Performance of Carbon Aerogel Electrodes. In Novel Forms of Carbon II; MRS Symposium Proceedings Vol. 349; Renschler, C. L., Cox, D. M., Pouch, J. J., Achiba, Y., Eds.; Materials Research Society:  Pittsburgh, 1994.

10.1149/1.2221066

10.1007/BF00242195

Wiesner, M. R.; Aptel, P. Mass Transport and Permeate Flux and Fouling in Pressure-Driven Processes. In Water Treatment Membrane Processes; Mallevialle, J., Odendaal, P. E., Wiesner, M. R., Eds.; McGraw-Hill:  New York, 1996.

Faust, S. D.; Aly, O. A. Chemistry of Water Treatment, 2nd ed; Ann Arbor Press:  Ann Arbor, MI, 1998.

Chang, R. Chemistry; 4th ed; McGraw-Hill:  New York, 1991.

Weber, W. J., Jr. Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control; Wiley-Interscience:  New York, 1972.

Abrams, I. M.; Benezia, L. Ion-Exchange Polymers. In Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology; John Wiley & Sons:  New York, 1967.

10.1149/1.2133106

Tran, T. D.; Farmer, J. C.; De Pruneda, J. H.; Richardson, J. H. Electrosorption on Carbon Aerogel Electrodes as a Means of Treating Low-Level Radioactive Wastes and Remediating Contaminated Ground Water. In Proceedings of the Sixth International ASME Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation; American Society of Mechanical Engineers:  New York, 1997.

Tran, T. D.; Lenz, D.; Kinoshita, K.; Droege, M. Effects of Processing Conditions on the Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Aerogel Composites. In Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion II─Batteries, Capacitors and Fuel Cells; MRS Symposium Proceedings Vol. 496; Materials Research Society:  Warrendale, PA, 1998.

10.1021/ja01145a126

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 73rd ed. Lide, D. R., Ed.; CRC Press:  Boca Raton, FL, 1992.

Huheey, J. E. Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed.; Harper & Row:  New York, 1983.

10.1021/j150579a011

10.1016/S0160-4120(98)00085-3

Tran, T. D.; Lenz, D. V. Alternating-Polarity Operation for Complete Regeneration of Electrochemical Deionization System. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories Case No. IL-10314, patent filed January 21, 1999.

10.1021/la001527s

10.1016/0008-6223(87)90193-X

Tran, T. D.; Kinoshita, K. Carbon for Supercapacitors and Li-Ion Batteries in EVS. In Exploratory Research and Development of Batteries and Supercapacitors for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles; Adams, W. A., Ed.; Electrochemical Society:  Pennington, NJ, 1998; Vol. II.