Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

Bakker, 2012, Childhood family instability and mental health problems during late adolescence: a test of two mediation models—the TRAILS study, J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., 41, 166, 10.1080/15374416.2012.651990 Barari, 2020 Blakemore, 2014, Is adolescence a sensitive period for sociocultural processing?, Annu. Rev. Psychol., 65, 187, 10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115202 Bu, 2020, Loneliness during a strict lockdown: trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults, Soc. Sci. Med., 265, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113521 Collins, 2004, Changing relationships, changing youth: interpersonal contexts of adolescent development, J. Early Adolesc., 24, 55, 10.1177/0272431603260882 Eccles, 2020, Loneliness in the lives of Danish adolescents: associations with health and sleep, Scand. J. Public Health, 10.1177/1403494819865429 Ellis, 2020, Physically isolated but socially connected: psychological adjustment and stress among adolescents during the initial COVID-19 crisis, Can. J. Behav. Sci./Rev. Can. Sci. Comport., 52, 177, 10.1037/cbs0000215 Flynn, 2017, The social context of adolescent friendships: parents, peers, and romantic partners, Youth Soc., 49, 679, 10.1177/0044118X14559900 Goodman, 1997, The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note, J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, 38, 581, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x Goodman, 2001, Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire, J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 40, 1337, 10.1097/00004583-200111000-00015 Greca La, 1999, Peer group, 171 Kessler, 2002, Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress, Psychol. Med., 32, 959, 10.1017/S0033291702006074 Lasgaard, 2011, Loneliness, depressive symptomatology, and suicide ideation in adolescence: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, J. Abnorm. Child Psychol., 39, 137, 10.1007/s10802-010-9442-x Lau, 1999, Facets of loneliness and depression among Chinese children and adolescents, J. Soc. Psychol., 139, 713, 10.1080/00224549909598251 Little, 1988, A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values, J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 83, 1198, 10.1080/01621459.1988.10478722 Liu, 2020, Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19, Lancet Child Adolescent Health, 4, 347, 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30096-1 Loades, 2020, Rapid systematic review: the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the mental health of children and adolescents in the context of COVID-19, J. Am. Assoc. Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009 Madsen, 2019, Trends in social inequality in loneliness among adolescents 1991–2014, J. Public Health (Bangkok), 41, e133, 10.1093/pubmed/fdy133 Maes, 2019, Gender differences in loneliness across the lifespan: a meta-analysis, Eur. J. Pers., 33, 642, 10.1002/per.2220 Mewton, 2016, The psychometric properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in a general population sample of adolescents, Psychol. Assess., 28, 1232, 10.1037/pas0000239 Millenium Cohort Study. (2016, September 12). MCS Age 14 Young Person Questionnaire. https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/mcs-age-14-sweep/. Morelli, 2020, Parents and children during the COVID-19 lockdown: the influence of parenting distress and parenting self-efficacy on children’s emotional well-being, Front Psychol, 11, 2584, 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584645 Mund, 2020, The stability and change of loneliness across the life span: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies, Person. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 24, 24, 10.1177/1088868319850738 Orgilés, 2020 Papini, 1990, Early adolescent age and gender differences in patterns of emotional self-disclosure to parents and friends, Adolescence, 25, 959 Penner, 2020, Change in youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in a majority Hispanic/Latinx US sample, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolescent Psychiatry Perlman, 1981, Toward a social psychology of loneliness, Pers. Relatsh., 3, 31 Pompili, 2014, The associations among childhood maltreatment, “male depression” and suicide risk in psychiatric patients, Psychiatry Res, 220, 571, 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.056 Prime, 2020, Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, Am. Psychol., 10.1037/amp0000660 Qualter, 2010, Childhood loneliness as a predictor of adolescent depressive symptoms: an 8-year longitudinal study, Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 19, 493, 10.1007/s00787-009-0059-y Qualter, 2015, Loneliness across the life span, Perspect. Psychol. Sci., 10, 250, 10.1177/1745691615568999 Russell, 1980, The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 39, 472, 10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472 Schwartz, 2014, Parenting during early adolescence and adolescent-onset major depression: a 6-year prospective longitudinal study, Clin. Psychol. Sci., 2, 272, 10.1177/2167702613505531 Serafini, 2020, The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population, QJM, 113, 531, 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa201 Van Roekel, 2015, Loneliness in the daily lives of adolescents: an experience sampling study examining the effects of social contexts, J. Early Adolesc., 35, 905, 10.1177/0272431614547049 van Roekel, 2018, Trait and state levels of loneliness in early and late adolescents: examining the differential reactivity hypothesis, J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., 47, 888, 10.1080/15374416.2016.1146993 Weich, 2009, Family relationships in childhood and common psychiatric disorders in later life: systematic review of prospective studies, Br. J. Psychiatry, 194, 392, 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.042515 Young Minds. (2020, March 30). Coronavirus Having Major Impact on Young People with Mental Health Needs – New Survey. https://youngminds.org.uk/about-us/media-centre/press-releases/coronavirus-having-major-impact-on-young-people-with-mental-health-needs-new-survey/. Yurdagül, 2019, Psychopathological consequences related to problematic Instagram use among adolescents: the mediating role of body image dissatisfaction and moderating role of gender, Int. J. Ment. Health Addict., 1