The Comprehensive Assessment of Left Ventricular Assist Devices by Echocardiography

Echocardiography is the imaging modality of choice for patient selection prior to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, assessment of device placement, optimization of device settings, diagnosis of device-related complications, and assessment of LV recovery. The key echocardiographic features of these devices will be highlighted in the following review. With increased utilization of LVADs as well as the development of centrifugal continuous-flow pumps, familiarity with echocardiographic imaging of LVADs is essential to optimal care of these complex patients. All echocardiographic evaluations both before and after LVAD implantation should assess for biventricular function and cavity size, valvular function and pathology, intracardiac thrombi, intracardiac shunting, cannula position and flow, aortic pathology, and pericardial effusion. RAMP testing may be utilized when device complications are suspected.