Behçet's disease: How to diagnose and treat vascular involvement

Yurdakul, 2011, Behçet’s syndrome, 1575 Yurdakul, 2010, Epidemiology of Behçet’s syndrome and regional differences in disease expression, 35 Gul, 2010, Genetics of Behçet’s disease, 265 Kural-Seyahi, 2003, The long-term mortality and morbidity of Behçet syndrome: a 2-decade outcome survey of 387 patients followed at a dedicated center, Med Baltim, 82, 60, 10.1097/00005792-200301000-00006 International Study Group for Behçet’s Disease, 1990, Criteria for diagnosis of Behçet's disease, Lancet, 335, 1078 Leiba, 2004, Thrombophilic factors are not the leading cause of thrombosis in Behçet’s disease, Ann Rheum Dis, 63, 1445, 10.1136/ard.2003.014241 Hamuryudan, 2010, Vascular involvement in Behçet’s syndrome, 115 Seyahi, 2011, Behçet's syndrome and thrombosis, Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 3, e2011026, 10.4084/mjhid.2011.026 Tascilar, 2014, Vascular involvement in Behçet's syndrome: a retrospective analysis of associations and the time course, Rheumatol Oxf, 53, 2018, 10.1093/rheumatology/keu233 Melikoglu, 2008, The unique features of vasculitis in Behçet's syndrome, Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 35, 40, 10.1007/s12016-007-8064-8 Wu, 2014, Behçet's disease complicated with thrombosis: a report of 93 Chinese cases, Med Baltim, 93, e263, 10.1097/MD.0000000000000263 Alibaz-Oner, 2015, Behçet disease with vascular involvement: effects of different therapeutic regimens on the incidence of new relapses, Med Baltim, 94, e494, 10.1097/MD.0000000000000494 Saadoun, 2012, Long-term outcome of arterial lesions in Behçet disease: a series of 101 patients, Med Baltim, 91, 18, 10.1097/MD.0b013e3182428126 Sarica-Kucukoglu, 2006, Vascular involvement in Behçet's disease: a retrospective analysis of 2319 cases, Int J Dermatol, 45, 919, 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02832.x Erkan, 2004, Is Hughes-Stovin syndrome Behçet’s disease?, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 22, S64 Yazici, 2012, Behçet syndrome: is it one condition?, Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 43, 275, 10.1007/s12016-012-8319-x Tunc, 2002, Target organ associations in Turkish patients with Behçet’s disease: a cross sectional study by exploratory factor analysis, J Rheumatol, 29, 2393 Hatemi, 2008, Enthesopathy is increased among Behçet’s syndrome patients with acne and arthritis: an ultrasonographic study, Arthritis Rheum, 58, 1539, 10.1002/art.23450 Tunc, 2004, Cerebral venous thrombosis is associated with major vessel disease in BS's syndrome, Ann Rheum Dis, 63, 1693, 10.1136/ard.2003.018515 Seyahi, 2012, Pulmonary artery involvement and associated lung disease in Behçet disease: a series of 47 patients, Med Baltim, 91, 35, 10.1097/MD.0b013e318242ff37 Seyahi, 2015, An outcome survey of 43 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome due to Behçet’s syndrome followed up at a single, dedicated center, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 44, 602, 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.10.014 Demirkesen, 2010, Behçet’s disease: Pathology, 215 Calamia, 2011, Major vessel involvement in Behçet’s disease: an update, Curr Opin Rheumatol, 23, 24, 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283410088 Gül, 1996, Coagulation factor V gene mutation increases the risk of venous thrombosis in Behçet's disease, Br J Rheumatol, 35, 1178, 10.1093/rheumatology/35.11.1178 Leiba, 2001, Behcet's disease and thrombophilia, Ann Rheum Dis, 60, 1081, 10.1136/ard.60.12.1081 Toydemir, 2000, Effects of factor V gene G1691A, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T, and prothrombin gene G20210A mutations on deep venous thrombogenesis in Behcet's disease, J Rheumatol, 27, 2849 Espinosa, 2002, Vascular involvement in Behcet's disease: relation with thrombophilic factors, coagulation activation, and thrombomodulin, Am J Med, 112, 37, 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)01048-8 Silingardi, 2004, Factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene G20210A mutations in Italian patients with Behçet's disease and deep vein thrombosis, Arthritis Rheum, 51, 177, 10.1002/art.20237 Musabak, 2005, Lipid profile and anticardiolipin antibodies in Behcet's disease, Arch Med Res, 36, 387, 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.019 Ricart, 2006, Thrombophilic risk factors and homocysteine levels in Behçet’s disease in eastern Spain and their association with thrombotic events, Thromb Haemost, 95, 618, 10.1160/TH05-10-0659 Hull, 1984, Anticardiolipin antibodies: occurrence in Behcet's syndrome, Ann Rheum Dis, 43, 746, 10.1136/ard.43.5.746 Bergman, 1990, Anticardiolipin antibodies in Behcet's disease, J Dermatol, 17, 164, 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1990.tb01619.x Tokay, 2001, Anticardiolipin antibodies in Behcet's disease: a reassessment, Rheumatology, 40, 192, 10.1093/rheumatology/40.2.192 Seyahi, 2013, Fever in Behçet’s syndrome, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 31, 64 Ozguler, 2014, The clinical course of the acute deep vein thrombosis of the legs in Behçet’s syndrome, Ann Rheum Dis, 71, 395 Ugurlu, 2008, Prevalence of angina, myocardial infarction and intermittent claudication assessed by Rose Questionnaire among patients with Behcet's syndrome, Rheumatology, 47, 472, 10.1093/rheumatology/kem385 Seyahi, 2015, Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation of lower-extremity vein thrombosis in Behçet syndrome: an observational study, Med Baltim, 94, e1899, 10.1097/MD.0000000000001899 Ugurlu, 2015, Venous claudication in Behçet’s disease, J Vasc Surg, 62, 698, 10.1016/j.jvs.2015.02.060 Sut, 2007, A cost analysis of Behçet’s syndrome in Turkey, Rheumatol Oxf, 46, 678, 10.1093/rheumatology/kel382 Tohme, 2003, Vascular manifestations of Behçet’s disease. Eighteen cases among 140 patients, Jt Bone Spine, 70, 384, 10.1016/S1297-319X(03)00076-9 Duzgun, 2006, Characteristics of vascular involvement in Behçet’s disease, Scand J Rheumatol, 35, 65, 10.1080/03009740500255761 Ambrose, 2014, Magnetic resonance imaging of vein wall thickness in patients with Behçet’s syndrome, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 32, S99 Kantarci, 2014, Vein wall imaging in Behçet’s syndrome, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 32, S7 Seyahi, 2014, 18 F-FDG PET/CT in large vessel disease due to in Behçet’s Disease: a preliminary report, Arthritis Rheum, 66, S1202 Aydinli, 2007, Budd-Chiari syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis, World J Gastroenterol, 13, 2693, 10.3748/wjg.v13.i19.2693 Desbois, 2014, Behçet’s disease in Budd-Chiari syndrome, Orphanet J Rare Dis, 9, 104, 10.1186/s13023-014-0153-1 Korkmaz, 2007, Budd-Chiari syndrome in the course of Behçet’s disease: clinical and laboratory analysis of four cases, Jt Bone Spine, 74, 245, 10.1016/j.jbspin.2006.06.015 Uluduz, 2011, Clinical characteristics of pediatric-onset neuro-Behçet disease, Neurology, 77, 1900, 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318238edeb Yesilot, 2009, Cerebral venous thrombosis in Behçet’s disease compared to those associated with other etiologies, J Neurol, 256, 1134 Saadoun, 2009, Cerebral venous thrombosis in Behçet’s disease, Arthritis Rheum, 15, 518, 10.1002/art.24393 Fujikado, 1994, Dural sinus thrombosis in Behçet’s disease–a case report, Jpn J Ophthalmol, 38, 411 Teh, 1990, Recurrent papilloedema and early onset optic atrophy in Behçet’s syndrome, Ann Rheum Dis, 49, 410, 10.1136/ard.49.6.410 Hamuryudan, 1994, Pulmonary arterial aneurysms in Behçet’s syndrome: a report of 24 cases, Br J Rheumatol, 33, 48, 10.1093/rheumatology/33.1.48 Hamuryudan, 2004, Pulmonary artery aneurysms in Behçet syndrome, Am J Med, 117, 867, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.05.027 Seyahi, 2015, Behçet’s syndrome: pulmonary vascular disease, Curr Opin Rheumatol, 27, 18, 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000131 Uzun, 2008, Pulmonary involvement in Behçet’s disease, Respiration, 75, 310, 10.1159/000101954 Seyahi, 2011, The estimated pulmonary artery pressure can be elevated in Behçet’s syndrome, Respir Med, 105, 1739, 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.07.022 Hamuryudan, 2015, Bronchial artery enlargement may cause recurring hemoptysis in Behçet’s syndrome patients with pulmonary artery involvement despite response to treatment, Arthritis Rheum, 67 Geri, 2012, Spectrum of cardiac lesions in Behçet disease: a series of 52 patients and review of the literature, Med Baltim, 91, 25, 10.1097/MD.0b013e3182428f49 Mogulkoc, 2000, Intracardiac thrombus in Behçet’s disease: a systematic review, Chest, 118, 479, 10.1378/chest.118.2.479 Seyahi, 2004, Coronary atherosclerosis in Behçet’s syndrome: a pilot study using electron-beam computed tomography, Rheumatol Oxf, 43, 1448, 10.1093/rheumatology/keh359 Yue, 2012, Cardiac mass in Behçet’s disease, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 30, 27 Sacré, 2010, Unusual cardiovascular events in Behçet’s disease, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 28, S82 Lee, 2008, Cardiac Behçet disease presenting as aortic valvulitis/aortitis or right heart inflammatory mass: a clinicopathologic study of 12 cases, Am J Surg Pathol, 32, 390, 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31814b23da Arslan, 2014, Right ventricular thrombus and tricuspid valve dysfunction in a patient with Behçet’s syndrome, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 32, S109 Tüzün, 1997, Management of aneurysms in Behçet’s syndrome: an analysis of 24 patients, Surgery, 121, 150, 10.1016/S0039-6060(97)90284-1 Tuzun, 2012, Management and prognosis of nonpulmonary large arterial disease in patients with Behçet disease, J Vasc Surg, 55, 157, 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.07.049 Kobayashi, 2000, Neutrophil and endothelial cell activation in the vasa vasorum in vasculo-Behçet disease, Histopathology, 36, 362, 10.1046/j.1365-2559.2000.00859.x Hatemi, 2009, Management of Behçet disease: a systematic literature review for the European League against Rheumatism evidence-based recommendations for the management of Behçet disease, Ann Rheum Dis, 68, 1528, 10.1136/ard.2008.087957 Noel, 2014, Long-term outcome of neuro-Behçet’s disease, Arthritis Rheumatol, 66, 1306, 10.1002/art.38351 Desbois, 2012, Immunosuppressants reduce venous thrombosis relapse in Behçet’s disease, Arthritis Rheum, 64, 2753, 10.1002/art.34450 Seyahi, 2016, To anticoagulate or not to anticoagulate vascular thrombosis in Behçet’s syndrome: an enduring question, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 34, S3 Seyahi, 2007, Infliximab in the treatment of hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome) in three patients with Behcet's syndrome, Rheumatol Oxf, 46, 1213, 10.1093/rheumatology/kem103 Vallet, 2015, Behçet Network. Efficacy of anti-TNF alpha in severe and/or refractory Behçet's disease: multicenter study of 124 patients, J Autoimmun, 62, 67, 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.06.005 Hamuryudan, 2015, Pulmonary artery involvement in Behçet’s syndrome: effects of anti-Tnf treatment, Semin Arthritis Rheum, 45, 369, 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.06.008 Tayer-Shifman, 2012, Major vessel thrombosis in Behçet’s disease: the dilemma of anticoagulant therapy – the approach of rheumatologists from different countries, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 30, 735 Mehta, 2010, Thrombosis and Behçet’s syndrome in non-endemic regions, Rheumatol Oxf, 49, 2003, 10.1093/rheumatology/keq090 Ahn, 2008, Treatment of venous thrombosis associated with Behcet's disease: immunosuppressive therapy alone versus immunosuppressive therapy plus anticoagulation, Clin Rheumatol, 27, 201, 10.1007/s10067-007-0685-z