Outcome following nonoperative treatment of displaced distal radius fractures in low-demand patients older than 60 years

Colles, 1814, On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius, Edinb Med Surg J, 10, 182 Abbaszadegan, 1990, External fixation or plaster cast for severely displaced Colles' fractures?, Acta Orthop Scand, 61, 528, 10.3109/17453679008993575 Gupta, 1991, The treatment of Colles' fracture, J Bone Joint Surg, 73B, 312, 10.1302/0301-620X.73B2.2005163 Kongsholm, 1989, Plaster cast versus external fixation for unstable intraarticular Colles' fractures, Clin Orthop, 241, 57, 10.1097/00003086-198904000-00008 Kwasny, 1990, Skeletal transfixation in treatment of comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius in the elderly, J Trauma, 30, 1278, 10.1097/00005373-199010000-00014 Ledingham, 1991, On immediate functional bracing of Colles' fracture, Injury, 22, 197, 10.1016/0020-1383(91)90040-L McQueen, 1992, Hand and wrist function after external fixation of unstable distal radial fractures, Clin Orthop, 285, 200, 10.1097/00003086-199212000-00025 Sarmiento, 1975, Colles' fractures, J Bone Joint Surg, 57A, 311, 10.2106/00004623-197557030-00004 Sarmiento, 1980, Functional bracing of Colles' fractures: a prospective study of immobilization in supination vs. pronation, Clin Orthop, 146, 175, 10.1097/00003086-198001000-00024 Solgaard, 1989, Displaced distal radius fractures: a comparative study of early results following external fixation, functional bracing in supination, or dorsal plaster immobilization, Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 109, 34, 10.1007/BF00441907 Stein, 1990, Cast or external fixation for fracture of the distal radius, Acta Orthop Scand, 61, 453, 10.3109/17453679008993561 Altissimi, 1986, Long-term results of conservative treatment of fractures of the distal radius, Clin Orthop, 206, 202, 10.1097/00003086-198605000-00035 Baratz, 1996, Displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius: the effect of fracture displacement on contact stresses in a cadaver model, J Hand Surg, 21A, 183, 10.1016/S0363-5023(96)80098-0 Bradway, 1989, Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced, comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius, J Bone Joint Surg, 71A, 839, 10.2106/00004623-198971060-00007 Fernandez, 1991, Treatment of displaced articular fractures of the radius, J Hand Surg, 16A, 375, 10.1016/0363-5023(91)90001-R Knirk, 1986, Intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius in young adults, J Bone Joint Surg, 68A, 647, 10.2106/00004623-198668050-00003 Melone, 1984, Articular fractures of the distal radius, Orthop Clin North Am, 15, 217, 10.1016/S0030-5898(20)31312-2 Trumble, 1994, Factors affecting functional outcome of displaced intra-articular distal radius fractures, J Hand Surg, 19A, 325, 10.1016/0363-5023(94)90028-0 Stewart, 1984, Functional cast-bracing for Colles' fractures, J Bone Joint Surg, 66B, 749, 10.1302/0301-620X.66B5.6389558 Stewart, 1985, Factors affecting the outcome of Colles' fracture: an anatomical and functional study, Injury, 16, 289, 10.1016/0020-1383(85)90126-3 Aro, 1991, Minor axial shortening of the radius affects outcome of Colles' fracture treatment, J Hand Surg, 16A, 392, 10.1016/0363-5023(91)90003-T Bacorn, 1953, Colles' fracture: a study of two thousand cases from the New York State Workmen's Compensation Board, J Bone Joint Surg, 35A, 643, 10.2106/00004623-195335030-00011 Bickerstaff, 1989, Carpal malalignment in Colles' fractures, J Hand Surg, 14B, 155, 10.1016/0266-7681(89)90117-4 Field, 1992, Long-term prognosis of displaced Colles' fracture: a 10-year prospective review, Injury, 23, 529, 10.1016/0020-1383(92)90152-I Frykman, 1967, Fracture of the distal radius including sequelae-shoulder-hand fingers syndrome, disturbance in the distal radio-ulnar joint and impairment of nerve function. A clinical and experimental study, Acta Orthop Scand, 108, 1, 10.3109/ort.1967.38.suppl-108.01 Gartland, 1951, Evaluation of healed Colles' fractures, J Bone Joint Surg, 33A, 895, 10.2106/00004623-195133040-00009 Green, 1956, Colles' fracture-residual disability, Am J Surg, 91, 636, 10.1016/0002-9610(56)90297-5 Jenkins, 1988, Malunion and dysfunction in Colles' fracture, J Hand Surg, 13B, 291, 10.1016/0266-7681(88)90090-3 Lidstrom, 1959, Fractures of the distal end of the radius. A clinical and statistical study of end results, Acta Orthop Scand, 53 Mandell, 1965, Assessment of results of treatment of 100 cases of Colles' fracture, S Afr Med J, 39, 171 Mason, 1953, Colles' fracture: a survey of end-results, Br J Surg, 40, 340, 10.1002/bjs.18004016208 Cassebaum, 1950, Colles' fracture, a study of end results, JAMA, 143, 963, 10.1001/jama.1950.02910460021006 Edwards, 1929, Fractures of the lower end of the radius in adults, BMJ, 1, 61, 10.1136/bmj.1.3549.61 Pool, 1973, Colles' fracture: a prospective study of treatment, J Bone Joint Surg, 55B, 540, 10.1302/0301-620X.55B3.540 Rubinovich, 1983, Colles' fracture: end results in relation to radiologic parameters, Can J Surg, 26, 361 Smaill, 1965, Long-term follow-up of Colles' fracture, J Bone Joint Surg, 47B, 80, 10.1302/0301-620X.47B1.80 Tsukazaki, 1993, Poor correlation between functional results and radiographic findings in Colles' fracture, J Hand Surg, 18B, 588, 10.1016/0266-7681(93)90010-D Amadio, 1996, Outcome after Colles fracture: the relative responsiveness of three questionnaires and physical examination measures, J Hand Surg, 21A, 781, 10.1016/S0363-5023(96)80192-4 McQueen, 1988, Colles fracture: does the anatomical result affect the final function?, J Bone Joint Surg, 70B, 649, 10.1302/0301-620X.70B4.3403617 Roumen, 1991, Unstable Colles' fractures in elderly patients, J Bone Joint Surg, 73B, 307, 10.1302/0301-620X.73B2.2005162 Wierer, 1985, Treatment of Colles' fractures in elderly patients, Acta Univ Carol Med, 31, 165 Cooney, 1980, Complication of Colles' fractures, J Bone Joint Surg, 62A, 613, 10.2106/00004623-198062040-00016