Fish tolerance to organophosphate-induced oxidative stress is dependent on the glutathione metabolism and enhanced by N-acetylcysteine

Aquatic Toxicology - Tập 65 - Trang 337-360 - 2003
Samuel Peña-Llopis1, M.Dolores Ferrando2, Juan B Peña1
1Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), E-12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
2Department of Animal Biology (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner-50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Tài liệu tham khảo

Allen, 1988, Acute effects of mercuric chloride on intracellular GSH levels and mercury distribution in the fish Oreochromis aureus, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 40, 178, 10.1007/BF01881036 Almar, 1998, Liver glutathione content and glutathione-dependent enzymes of two species of freshwater fish as bioindicators of chemical pollution, J. Environ. Sci. Health, 33B, 769, 10.1080/03601239809373177 Anderson, M.E., 1985. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulphide in biological samples. In: Meister, A. (Ed.), Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, London, pp. 548–555. Atkins, 2000, N-acetylcysteine and endothelial cell injury by sulfur mustard, J. Appl. Toxicol., 20S, 125 Bagchi, 1995, In vitro and in vivo generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and lactate dehydrogenase leakage by selected pesticides, Toxicology, 104, 129, 10.1016/0300-483X(95)03156-A Baker, 1990, Microtiter plate assay for the measurement of glutathione and glutathione disulphide in large numbers of biological samples, Anal. Biochem., 190, 360, 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90208-Q Ballatori, 1998, N-acetylcysteine as an antidote in methylmercury poisoning, Environ. Health Perspect., 106, 267, 10.1289/ehp.98106267 Banki, 1996, Glutathione levels and sensitivity to apoptosis are regulated by changes in transaldolase expression, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 32994, 10.1074/jbc.271.51.32994 Beal, 1995, Aging, energy, and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases, Ann. Neurol., 38, 357, 10.1002/ana.410380304 Brigelius, 1982, Increase in hepatic mixed disulphide and glutathione disulphide levels elicited by paraquat, Biochem. Pharmacol., 31, 1637, 10.1016/0006-2952(82)90393-8 Carlson, 2000, Organophosphorus compound-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 168, 102, 10.1006/taap.2000.8997 Chatterjee, 1983, Ammonia-induced change in the hepatic glutathione level of an air-breathing freshwater teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch), Toxicol. Lett., 17, 329, 10.1016/0378-4274(83)90246-1 Cohen, 1997, Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis, Biochem. J., 326, 1, 10.1042/bj3260001 Copeland, R.A., 1996. Enzymes. A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism, and Data Analysis. Wiley, New York. Cox, 1972, Regression models and life tables, J. R. Stat. Soc. B, 34, 187 Cribb, 1989, Use of a microplate reader in an assay of glutathione reductase using 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), Anal. Biochem., 183, 195, 10.1016/0003-2697(89)90188-7 Curthoys, 1979, Characterization and physiological function of rat renal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, Enzyme, 24, 383, 10.1159/000458694 De Rosa, 2000, N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione in HIV infection, Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 30, 915, 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00736.x Depledge, 1989, The rational basis for detection of the early indicators of marine pollutants using physiological indicators, Ambio, 18, 301 Dicowsky, 1971, Glutathione-dependent degradation of 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) by the rat, Life Sci. II, 10, 1031, 10.1016/0024-3205(71)90297-9 Doctor, 1987, Microtiter assay for acetylcholinesterase, Anal. Biochem., 166, 399, 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90590-2 Domenicotti, 2000, Glutathione depletion induces apoptosis of rat hepatocytes through activation of protein kinase C novel isoforms and dependent increase in AP-1 nuclear binding, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 29, 1280, 10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00429-9 Ellman, 1961, A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity, Biochem. Pharmacol., 7, 88, 10.1016/0006-2952(61)90145-9 Esteve, 1999, Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA and glutathione oxidation in apoptosis: studies in vivo and in vitro, FASEB J., 13, 1055, 10.1096/fasebj.13.9.1055 Facchinetti, 1998, Free radicals as mediators of neuronal injury, Cell. Mol. Neurobiol., 18, 667, 10.1023/A:1020221919154 Ferenczy, 1997, Characterization of acetylcholinesterase and its molecular forms in organs of five freshwater teleosts, Fish. Physiol. Biochem., 16, 515, 10.1023/A:1007701323808 Fernandes-Alnemri, 1995, Mch3, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease highly related to CPP32, Cancer Res., 55, 6045 Gaddum, 1953, Bioassays and mathematics, Pharmacol. Rev., 5, 87 Gallagher, 1992, Effects of buthionine sulfoximine and diethyl maleate on glutathione turnover in the channel catfish, Biochem. Pharmacol., 43, 2209, 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90180-Q Gallenkamp, 1981, Postmortem changes in drug-metabolizing enzymes of rat liver and human liver, Hepatogastroenterology, 28, 308 Gillissen, 1998, Characterization of N-acetylcysteine and ambroxol in anti-oxidant therapy, Respir. Med., 92, 609, 10.1016/S0954-6111(98)90506-6 Godon, 1998, The H2O2 stimulon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 22480, 10.1074/jbc.273.35.22480 Goozner, B., Lutwick, L.I., Bourke, E., 2002. Chemical terrorism: a primer for 2002. J. Assoc. Acad. Minor. Phys. 13, 14–18. Griffith, 1979, Glutathione: interorgan translocation, turnover, and metabolism, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 76, 5606, 10.1073/pnas.76.11.5606 Gurer, 2000, Can antioxidants be beneficial in the treatment of lead poisoning?, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 29, 927, 10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00413-5 Habig, 1974, Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation, J. Biol. Chem., 249, 7130, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)42083-8 Hai, 1997, Organophosphate effects on antioxidant system of carp (Cyprinus carpio) and catfish (Ictalurus nebulosus), Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 117C, 83 Hansen, 2001, Differential antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione content between rat and rabbit conceptuses, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 30, 1078, 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00502-0 Hasspieler, 1994, Glutathione-dependent defense in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and brown bullhead (Ameriurus nebulosus), Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 28, 82, 10.1006/eesa.1994.1036 Henriksson, 1986, Chronic stimulation of mammalian muscle: changes in enzymes of six metabolic pathways, Am. J. Physiol., 251C, 614, 10.1152/ajpcell.1986.251.4.C614 Hess, 1995, Graphical methods for assessing violations of the proportional hazards assumption in Cox regression, Stat. Med., 14, 1707, 10.1002/sim.4780141510 Hoffer, 1996, N-acetylcysteine increases the glutathione content and protects rat alveolar type II cells against paraquat-induced cytotoxicity, Toxicol. Lett., 84, 7, 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03446-3 Horiuchi, 1978, γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase: sidedness of its active site on renal brush-border membrane, Eur. J. Biochem., 87, 429, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12392.x Julka, 1992, Neurotoxicity of dichlorvos: effect on antioxidant defense system in the rat central nervous system, Exp. Mol. Pathol., 56, 144, 10.1016/0014-4800(92)90031-6 Kamata, 1999, Redox regulation of cellular signalling, Cell. Signal., 11, 1, 10.1016/S0898-6568(98)00037-0 Kaplan, 1958, Non-parametric estimations for incomplete observations, J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 53, 457, 10.2307/2281868 Kaplowitz, 1985, The regulation of hepatic glutathione, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 25, 715, 10.1146/annurev.pa.25.040185.003435 Kwong, 2002, Organophosphate pesticides: biochemistry and clinical toxicology, Ther. Drug Monit., 24, 144, 10.1097/00007691-200202000-00022 Lee, 2002, Cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase status modulates oxidative damage to cells, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 32, 1185, 10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00815-8 Lemaire, 1998, Inhibition of caspase activity induces a switch from apoptosis to necrosis, FEBS Lett., 425, 266, 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00252-X Lundin, 1962, Comparative studies of cholinesterases in body muscles of fishes, J. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 59, 93, 10.1002/jcp.1030590202 Mathews, 1999, Constitutive differences in antioxidant defense status distinguish alloxan-resistant and alloxan-susceptible mice, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 27, 449, 10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00084-2 Meister, A., Anderson, M.E., 1983. Glutathione. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52, 711–760. Newman, 2000, The individual tolerance concept is not the sole explanation for the probit dose–effect model, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 19, 520 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (1992). Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals 203: Fish, Acute Toxicity Test. OECD, Paris. Peña, 2000, Role of glutathione in thiobencarb resistance in the European eel Anguilla anguilla, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 46, 51, 10.1006/eesa.1999.1882 Peña-Llopis, 2001, Glutathione-dependent resistance of the European eel Anguilla anguilla to the herbicide molinate, Chemosphere, 45, 671, 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00500-2 Peña-Llopis, 2002, Impaired glutathione redox status is associated with decreased survival in two organophosphate-poisoned marine bivalves, Chemosphere, 47, 485, 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00323-X Peña-Llopis, S., Ferrando, M.D., Peña, J.B., 2003. Increased recovery of brain acetylcholinesterase activity in dichlorvos-intoxicated European eels Anguilla anguilla by bath treatment with N-acetylcysteine. Dis. Aquat. Org. 55, 237–245. Piegorsch, W.W., Bailer, A.J., 1997. Statistics for Environmental Biology and Toxicology. Chapman & Hall, London. Prescott, 1977, Treatment of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning with N-acetylcysteine, Lancet, 2, 432, 10.1016/S0140-6736(77)90612-2 Rice, 1989, Analyzing tables of statistical tests, Evolution, 43, 223, 10.2307/2409177 Richman, 1975, Regulation of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase by non-allosteric feedback inhibition by glutathione, J. Biol. Chem., 250, 1422, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)41830-9 Riddles, 1979, Ellman’s reagent: 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid): a reexamination, Anal. Biochem., 94, 75, 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90792-9 Rojas, 2002, Differential modulation of apoptosis and necrosis by antioxidants in immunosuppressed human lymphocytes, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 180, 67, 10.1006/taap.2001.9359 Salvemini, 1999, Enhanced glutathione levels and oxidoresistance mediated by increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 2750, 10.1074/jbc.274.5.2750 Samali, 1999, A comparative study of apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells: oxidant-induced caspase inactivation leads to necrosis, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 255, 6, 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0139 Santos, 2002, Protective effect of early and late administration of pralidoxime against organophosphate muscle necrosis, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 53, 48, 10.1006/eesa.2001.2138 Schafer, 2001, Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulphide/glutathione couple, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 30, 1191, 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00480-4 Schoenfeld, 1982, Partial residuals for the proportional hazards regression model, Biometrika, 69, 239, 10.1093/biomet/69.1.239 Seeling, 1985, Glutathione biosynthesis; gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from rat kidney, Methods Enzymol., 113, 379, 10.1016/S0076-6879(85)13050-8 Shih, 1997, Neurochemical mechanisms in soman-induced seizures, J. Appl. Toxicol., 17, 255, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17:4<255::AID-JAT441>3.0.CO;2-D Silber, 1986, Adaptation of a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase assay to microtiter plates, Anal. Biochem., 158, 68, 10.1016/0003-2697(86)90590-7 Smith, 1988, Assay of glutathione reductase in crude tissue homogenates using 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), Anal. Biochem., 175, 408, 10.1016/0003-2697(88)90564-7 Sochman, 2002, N-acetylcysteine in acute cardiology: 10 years later: what do we know and what would we like to know?, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 39, 1422, 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01797-7 Solberg, 1997, The role of excitotoxicity in organophosphorous nerve agents central poisoning, Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 18, 183, 10.1016/S0165-6147(97)89540-5 Stein, 1992, Bioindicators of contaminant exposure and sublethal effects: studies with benthic fish in Puget Sound, Washington, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 11, 701, 10.1002/etc.5620110513 Sulakhe, 1985, The activity of hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in various animal species, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 82B, 263 Sullivan, 1999, Differences in survival functions of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and sand shiner (Notropis ludibundus) genotypes exposed to pesticides, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18, 906, 10.1002/etc.5620180513 Tate, 1981, Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: catalytic, structural and functional aspects, Mol. Cell Biochem., 39, 357, 10.1007/BF00232585 Traiger, 1971, Differences in the potentiation of carbon tetrachloride in rats by ethanol and isopropanol pre-treatment, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 20, 105, 10.1016/0041-008X(71)90094-9 Ueda, 1998, Redox regulation of caspase-3(-like) protease activity: regulatory roles of thioredoxin and cytochrome c, J. Immunol., 161, 6689, 10.4049/jimmunol.161.12.6689 Vaglio, 1999, Changes in liver enzyme activity in the teleost Sparus aurata in response to cadmium intoxication, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 43, 111, 10.1006/eesa.1999.1778 Voehringer, 2000, Gene microarray identification of redox and mitochondrial elements that control resistance or sensitivity to apoptosis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97, 2680, 10.1073/pnas.97.6.2680 Wilson, 1994, Structure and mechanism of interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme, Nature, 370, 270, 10.1038/370270a0 World Health Organisation (WHO), 1989. Environmental Health Criteria 79: Dichlorvos. International Program on Chemical Safety. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. World Health Organisation (WHO), 1990. Environmental Health Criteria 103: 2-Propanol. International Program on Chemical Safety. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.