Pitfalls of defining combination therapy for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in observational studies

D. R. Giacobbe1, A. E. Maraolo2, C. Viscoli1
1Infectious Diseases Unit, DISSAL, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
2Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy

Tài liệu tham khảo

Munoz-Price LS, Poirel L, Bonomo RA et al (2013) Clinical epidemiology of the global expansion of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases. Lancet Infect Dis 13:785–796 Tumbarello M, Trecarichi EM, De Rosa FG et al (2015) Infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: differences in therapy and mortality in a multicentric study. J Antimicrob Chemother 70:2133–2143 Trecarichi EM, Tumbarello M (2017) Therapeutic options for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Virulence [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1292196 Papadimitriou-Olivgeris M, Fligou F, Bartzavali C et al (2017) Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection in critically ill patients: risk factors and predictors of mortality. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. doi:10.1007/s10096-017-2899-6 Paul M, Carmeli Y, Durante-Mangoni E et al (2014) Combination therapy for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 69:2305–2309 Zusman O, Altunin S, Koppel F et al (2017) Polymyxin monotherapy or in combination against carbapenem-resistant bacteria: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 72:29–39 Daikos GL, Tsaousi S, Tzouvelekis LS et al (2014) Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: lowering mortality by antibiotic combination schemes and the role of carbapenems. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58:2322–2328 Zusman O, Avni T, Leibovici L, Adler A et al (2013) Systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro synergy of polymyxins and carbapenems. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57:5104–5111 Souli M, Karaiskos I, Masgala A et al (2017) Double-carbapenem combination as salvage therapy for untreatable infections by KPC- 2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1007/s10096-017-2936-5 Oliva A, Scorzolini L, Castaldi D et al (2017) Double-carbapenem regimen, alone or in combination with colistin, in the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp). J Inf Secur 74:103–106 Garonzik SM, Li J, Thamlikitkul V, Paterson DL et al (2011) Population pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulfonate and formed colistin in critically ill patients from a multicenter study provide dosing suggestions for various categories of patients. 168 Antimicrob Agents Chemother 55:3284–3294 Del Bono V, Giacobbe DR, Marchese A et al (2017) Meropenem for treating KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: should we get to the PK/PD root of the paradox? Virulence 8:66–73 Pea F, Della Siega P, Cojutti P et al (2016) Might real-time pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic optimisation of high-dose continuous-infusion meropenem improve clinical cure in infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae? Int J Antimicrob Agents 49(2):255–258 Sorlí L, Luque S, Segura C et al (2017) Impact of colistin plasma levels on the clinical outcome of patients with infections caused by extremely drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Infect Dis 17:11