Drugs usage of drivers suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs. A study of one week's samples in 1979 and 1993 in Finland
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Christensen, 1990, Traffic accidents and drivers suspected for drug influence, Forensic Sci. Int., 45, 273, 10.1016/0379-0738(90)90184-Z
Honkanen, 1980, Role of drugs in traffic accidents, Br. Med. J., 281, 130, 10.1136/bmj.281.6251.1309
Williams, 1989, Driver age and crash involvement, Am. J. Public Health, 79, 326, 10.2105/AJPH.79.3.326
Fortenberry, 1986, Analysis of drug involvement in traffic fatalities in Alabama, Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse, 12, 257, 10.3109/00952998609007395
Cremona, 1986, The driving performance, Br. J. Hosp. Med., 193
Budd, 1989, Drugs of abuse found in fatally injured drivers in Los Angeles County, Drug Alcohol Depend., 23, 153, 10.1016/0376-8716(89)90021-5
Kirby, 1992, Comparability of alcohol and drug use in injured drivers, South. Med. J., 85, 800, 10.1097/00007611-199208000-00003
Starmer, 1992, Effects of psychoactive drugs on car driving performance: Drugs in crash-involved drivers, Clin. Neuropharmacol., 15, 598A, 10.1097/00002826-199201001-00310
Sutton, 1992, The drug impaired driver detection and forensic specimen analysis, Blutalkohol, 29, 134
Cosbey, 1986, Drugs and the impaired driver in Northern Ireland: An analytical survey, Forensic Sci. Int., 32, 245, 10.1016/0379-0738(86)90201-X
Poklis, 1987, Drug findings in ‘driving under the influence of drugs’ cases: a problem of illicit drug use, Drug Alcohol Depend., 20, 57, 10.1016/0376-8716(87)90076-7
Lesch, 1989, Medication and drug abuse in relation to road traffic safety, Pharmatherapeutica, 5, 338
Alvarez, 1992, Drugs and alcohol consumption amongst Spanish drivers, Forensic Sci. Int., 53, 221, 10.1016/0379-0738(92)90198-6
Christophersen, 1990, Screening for drug use among Norweigian drivers suspected of driving under influence of alcohol or drugs, Forensic Sci. Int., 45, 5, 10.1016/0379-0738(90)90216-L
Holmgren, 1985, Drugs in motorists traveling Swedish roads: on-the-road-detection of intoxicated drivers and screening for drugs in these offenders, Forensic Sci. Int., 27, 57, 10.1016/0379-0738(85)90105-7
Seppälä, 1993, Drug abuse among drivers suspected for driving under the influence of drugs, J. Traffic Med., 21, 405
Bjørneboe, 1987, A retrospective study of drugged driving in Norway, Forensic Sci. Int., 33, 243, 10.1016/0379-0738(87)90105-8
Christophersen, 1993, Benzodiazepines, tetrahydrocannabinol and drugged driving in Norway, 1082
Kruse, 1994, Kjørning under påvirkning av alcohol, legemidler og narkotika, Tidsskr. Nor. Levgeforen, 114, 429
Kuitunen, 1994, The relationship between blood benzodiazepine concentrations and the clinical test for drunkenness in drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs, Alcohol Drugs Driving, 10, 135
Lillsunde, 1995, Thin-layer chromatographic screening and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric confirmation in the analysis of abused drugs, 221
Lillsunde, 1990, Simultaneous screening and quantitative analysis of benzodiazepines by dual channel gas chromatography using electron capture and nitrogen phosphorus detection, J. Chromatogr., 533, 97, 10.1016/S0378-4347(00)82190-8
Stoner, 1974, Single-pH extraction procedure for detecting drugs of abuse, Clin. Chem., 20/2, 309, 10.1093/clinchem/20.2.309
P. Lillsunde, L. Michelson, T. Forsström, T. Korte, E. Schulz, K. Ariniemi, M. Portman, M-L. Sihvonen and T. Seppälä, Comprehensive drug screening in blood for detecting drugs potentially hazardous for traffic safety, (in preparation).
McGullagh, 1994
Mørland, 1988, Psychoactive drugs and driving performance
Gjerde, 1988, A three-year prospective study of rearrests for driving under influence of alcohol or drugs, Accid. Anal. Prev., 20, 53, 10.1016/0001-4575(88)90014-0
Huestis, 1992, Blood cannabinoids. I. Absorption of THC and formation of 11-OH-THC and THCCOOH during and after smoking marihuana, J. Anal. Toxicol., 16, 276, 10.1093/jat/16.5.276
Gjerde, 1991, Impairment in drivers due to cannabis in combination with other drugs, Forensic Sci. Int., 50, 57, 10.1016/0379-0738(91)90133-4
Gjerde, 1992, Amphetamine and drugged driving, J. Traffic Med., 20, 21
Lillsunde, 1992, Drugs in road traffic accident drivers with low blood alcohol concentrations, 972
Burley, 1988, Medicines and road traffic safety. Editoral, Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 3
Friedel, 1992, Benzodiazepines and driving, Rev. Contemp. Pharmacotherap., 3, 415
Williams, 1985, Drugs in fatally injured young male drivers, Public Health Reports, 100, 19
Mason, 1984, Ethanol, marijuana and other drug use in 600 drivers killed in single-vehicle crashes in North Carolina 1978–1981, J. Forensic. Sci., 29, 987, 10.1520/JFS11768J
Cimbura, 1982, Incidence and toxicological aspects of drugs detected in 484 fatally injured drivers and pedestrians in Ontario, J. Forensic Sci., 27, 855, 10.1520/JFS12203J
Gjerde, 1986, A comparison of female and male drivers arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, Blutalkohol, 23, 438
Christophersen, 1988, Comparison of female and male drugged drivers in Norway, 107