Naloxone (Narcan®) treatment in depression: Clinical observations and effects on CSF endorphins and monoamine metabolites
Tóm tắt
Various dysphoric states are seen both in mood depression and on taking opiates. On the hypothesis that opiate antagonists would alter mood level, naloxone (Narcan®), 0.4–0.8 mg t.i.d., was given to five depressed patients in six trials for a duration of 6–12 days. The CSF endorphin and monoamine metabolite content was analyzed before and after naloxone treatment. We observed no positive effect on mood level. However, an abrupt worsening of symptoms was noted in two cases on discontinuation of treatment. Decreasing values of endorphin Fraction I as a result of treatment was noted as a general trend. Fraction II, although elevated, showed no distinct trend. 5HIAA increased in four of the six trials. The results suggest that naloxone treatment changes endorphin and serotonin activity, though not to a clinically observable extent.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Åsberg, M., Kragh-Sørensen, P., Mindham, R. H. S., Tuck, J. R.: International reliability and communicability of a rating scale for depression. Psychol. Med. 3, 458–465 (1973)
Goldstein, A.: Opioid peptides (endorphins) in pituitary and brain. Science 193, 1081–1086 (1976)
Gunne, L.-M., Lindström, L., Terenius, L.: Naloxone-induced reversal of schizophrenic hallucinations. J. Neural. Transm. 40, 13–19 (1977)
Hanlon, Th. E., McCabe, O. L., Savage, Ch., Kurland, A. A.: A controlled comparison of cyclazocine and naloxone treatment of the paroled narcotic addict. Int. Pharmacopsychiatry. 10, 240–250 (1975)
Ngai, S. H., Berkowitz, B. A., Yang, J. C., Hempstead, J., Spector, S.: Pharmacokinetics of naloxone in rats and in man. Anesthesiology 44, 398–401 (1976)
Terenius, L., Wahlström, A.: Morphine-like ligand for opiate receptors in human CSF. Life Sci. 16, 1759–1764 (1975)
Terenius, L., Wahlström, A.: Studies on endorphins in man. Proc. Xth CINP Meeting, Quebec, July 1976 (in press, 1977)
Terenius, L., Wahlström, A., Lindström, L., Widerlöv, E.: Increased CSF levels of endorphins in chronic psychosis. Neurosci. Letters 3, 157–162 (1976)
Zung, W. W. K.: A self-rating depression scale. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 12, 63–70 (1965)