The potential to use PspA and other pneumococcal proteins to elicit protection against pneumococcal infection

Heffron, 1939 Austrian, 1980, The assessment of pnumococcal vaccine, N. Engl. J. Med., 303, 578, 10.1056/NEJM198009043031010 Robbins, 1983, Considerations for formulating the second-generation pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine with emphasis on the cross-reactive types within groups, J. Infect. Dis., 148, 1136, 10.1093/infdis/148.6.1136 Shapiro, 1991, Protective efficacy of polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, N. Engl. J. Med., 325, 1453, 10.1056/NEJM199111213252101 Black S, Shinefield H, Ray P, Edwi L, Fireman B, Group TKPVS et al. 1998. Efficacy of heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (Wyeth Lederle) in 37,000 infants and children: results of the northern California Keiser Permanente efficacy trial. ICAAC Abstracts 1998;Late Breaker Abstracts:23 (Abstract LB-9). Briles, 2000, Immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae, 263 Paton, 1998, Novel pneumococcal surface proteins: role in virulence and vaccine potential, Trends Microbiol, 6, 85, 10.1016/S0966-842X(98)01220-7 Briles DE, Tart RC, Swiatlo E, Dillard JP, Smith P, Benton KA et al., Pneumococcal diversity: considerations for new vaccine strategies with an emphasis on pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), Clin. Microbiological Rev. 11;645–57 Ogunniyi AD, Folland RL, Hollingshead SK, Briles DB, Paton JC. Immunization of mice with combinations of pneumococcal virulence proteins pneumolysin, PspA and PsaA elicits enhanced protection against challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Submitted. De BK, Sampson JS, Ades EW, Huebner RC, Jue DL, Johnson SE et al., Purification and characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae palmitoylated pneumococcal surface adhesin A expressed in Escherichia coli, Vaccine (Submitted) Nabors GS, Braun PA, Herrmann DJ, Pyle DJ, Gravenstein S, Shilling M et al.. Immunization of healthy adults with a single recombinant pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) variant stimulates broadly cross-reactive antiboides. In preparation Crain, 1990, Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is serologically highly variable and is expressed by all clinically important capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Infect. Immun., 58, 3293, 10.1128/IAI.58.10.3293-3299.1990 Tu, 1999, Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) inhibits complement activation by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Infect. Immun., 67, 4517, 10.1128/IAI.67.9.4720-4724.1999 Yother, 1992, Structural properties and evolutionary relationships of PspA, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, as revealed by sequence analysis, J. Bacteriol., 174, 601, 10.1128/jb.174.2.601-609.1992 McDaniel, 1998, Comparison of the PspA sequence from Streptococcus pneumoniae EF5668 to the previously identified PspA sequence from strain Rx1 and ability of PspA from EF5668 to elicit protection against pneumococci of different capsular types, Infect. Immun., 66, 4748, 10.1128/IAI.66.10.4748-4754.1998 Yother, 1994, Novel surface attachment mechanism for the Streptococcus pneumoniae protein PspA, J. Bacteriol., 176, 2976, 10.1128/jb.176.10.2976-2985.1994 Hollingshead SK, Becker RS, Briles DE Diversity of PspA: mosaic genes and evidence for past recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Manuscript submitted McDaniel, 1994, Localization of protection-eliciting epitopes on PspA of Streptococcus pneumoniae between amino acid residues 192 and 260, Microb. Pathog., 17, 323, 10.1006/mpat.1994.1078 McDaniel, 1984, Monoclonal antibodies against protease sensitive pneumococcal antigens can protect mice from fatal infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae, J. Exp. Med., 160, 386, 10.1084/jem.160.2.386 McDaniel, 1991, PspA, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, is capable of eliciting protection against pneumococci of more than one capsular type, Infect. Immun., 59, 222, 10.1128/IAI.59.1.222-228.1991 Tart, 1996, Truncated Streptococcus pneumoniae PspA molecules elicit cross-protective immunity against pneumococcal challenge in mice, J. Infect. Dis., 173, 380, 10.1093/infdis/173.2.380 Virolainen, 1996, Human antibodies to pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), 36, 150 Vakil, 1991, Antigen-independent selection of T15 idiotype during B-cell ontogeny in mice, Dev. Immunol., 1, 203, 10.1155/1991/45352 Takala, 1991, Reduction of oropharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in children immunized with an Hib conjugate vaccine, J. Infect. Dis., 164, 982, 10.1093/infdis/164.5.982