Depth of soil water uptake by tropical rainforest trees during dry periods: does tree dimension matter?

Oecologia - Tập 173 - Trang 1191-1201 - 2013
Clément Stahl1,2, Bruno Hérault3,4, Vivien Rossi4, Benoit Burban1, Claude Bréchet5, Damien Bonal5
1INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou cedex, French Guiana
2CIRAD, UMR SELMET Systèmes d’Elevage en Milieux Méditerranéens et Tropicaux, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana
3Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana
4CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana
5INRA, UMR EEF 1137, Champenoux, France

Tóm tắt

Though the root biomass of tropical rainforest trees is concentrated in the upper soil layers, soil water uptake by deep roots has been shown to contribute to tree transpiration. A precise evaluation of the relationship between tree dimensions and depth of water uptake would be useful in tree-based modelling approaches designed to anticipate the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to future changes in environmental conditions. We used an innovative dual-isotope labelling approach (deuterium in surface soil and oxygen at 120-cm depth) coupled with a modelling approach to investigate the role of tree dimensions in soil water uptake in a tropical rainforest exposed to seasonal drought. We studied 65 trees of varying diameter and height and with a wide range of predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) values. We confirmed that about half of the studied trees relied on soil water below 100-cm depth during dry periods. Ψpd was negatively correlated with depth of water extraction and can be taken as a rough proxy of this depth. Some trees showed considerable plasticity in their depth of water uptake, exhibiting an efficient adaptive strategy for water and nutrient resource acquisition. We did not find a strong relationship between tree dimensions and depth of water uptake. While tall trees preferentially extract water from layers below 100-cm depth, shorter trees show broad variations in mean depth of water uptake. This precludes the use of tree dimensions to parameterize functional models.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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