Geochemistry of lower crustal xenoliths from Neogene Hannuoba basalt, North China craton: implications for petrogenesis and lower crustal composition

Bohlen, 1989, Origin of granulite terranes and the formation of the lowermost continental crust, Science, 244, 326, 10.1126/science.244.4902.326 Brey, 1990, Geothermobarometry in four-phase lherzolite, II, J. Petrol., 31, 1353, 10.1093/petrology/31.6.1353 Cameron, 1992, Contrasting styles of pre-Cenozoic and mid-Tertiary crustal evolution in northern Mexico, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 17353, 10.1029/92JB01493 Chapman, 1992, Thermal state of the continental crust, 179 Chen, 2001, Thermal and petrological structure of the lithosphere beneath Hannuoba, Sino-Korean Craton, China, Lithos, 56, 267, 10.1016/S0024-4937(00)00065-7 Christensen, 1995, Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7961, 10.1029/95JB00259 Dostal, 1983, Partition coefficients of trace elements, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 37, 525, 10.1016/0016-7037(83)90275-2 Downes, 1993, The nature of the lower continental crust of Europe, Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors, 79, 195, 10.1016/0031-9201(93)90148-3 Downes, 1990, Crustal evolution of the Hercynian belt of Western Europe, Chem. Geol., 83, 209, 10.1016/0009-2541(90)90281-B Downes, 1997, Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic evidence for the lower crustal origin of Hercynian granodiorites and monzogranites, Massif Central, France, Chem. Geol., 136, 99, 10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00141-6 Dunn, 1994, Mineral/matrix partition coefficients for orthopyroxene, plagioclase and olivine in basaltic to andesitic system, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 717, 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90501-0 Ellis, 1979, An experimental study of the effect of Ca upon garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibria, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 71, 13, 10.1007/BF00371878 Ewart, 1994, Application of proton-microprobe data to trace-element partitioning in volcanic rocks, Chem. Geol., 117, 251, 10.1016/0009-2541(94)90131-7 Fan, 1996, The high-temperature granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba basalt, Chin. Sci. Bull., 41, 235 Fan, 1998, Zircon geochronology and rare earth element geochemistry of granulite xenoliths from Hannuoba, Chin. Sci. Bull., 43, 133, 10.1007/BF02883438 Fountain, 1990, Seismic structure of the continental crust based on rock velocity measurements from the Kapuskasing Uplift, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 1167, 10.1029/JB095iB02p01167 Gao, 1995, The negative europium anomaly in Archean sedimentary rocks, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 133, 81, 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00077-P Gao, 1998, How mafic is the lower continental crust?, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 161, 101, 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00140-X Gao, 1998, Chemical composition of the continental crust as revealed by studies in Eastern China, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 1959, 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00121-5 Gao, 1999, Contrasting geochemical and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of Archean metasediments from the Kongling high-grade terrain of the Yangtze craton, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 1959, 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00121-5 Gao, 2000, Measured and calculated seismic velocities and densities for granulites from xenolith occurrences and the adjacent exposed lower crustal sections, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 18965, 10.1029/2000JB900100 Ghent, 1976, Plagioclase-garnet-Al2SiO5-quartz, Am. Mineral., 61, 710 Griffin, 1986, The lower crust in eastern Australia, 24, 363 Griffin, 1987, The composition of the lower crust and the nature of the continental Moho, 413 Griffin, 1987, Is the continental Moho the crust/mantle boundary?, Geology, 15, 241, 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<241:ITCMTC>2.0.CO;2 Griffin, 1998, Phanerozoic evolution of the lithosphere beneath the Sino-Korean craton, 107 Govindaraju, 1994, Compilation of working values and sample description for 383 geostandards, Geostand. Newsl. (Special Issue), 18, 1, 10.1111/j.1751-908X.1994.tb00502.x Halliday, 1993, Formation and composition of the lower continental crust, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 581, 10.1029/92JB02276 Hanchar, 1994, Evidence from xenoliths for a dynamic lower crust, eastern Mojave Desert, California, J. Petrol., 35, 1377, 10.1093/petrology/35.5.1377 Hauri, 1994, Experimental and natural partitioning of Th, U, Pb and other trace elements between garnet, clinopyroxene and basaltic melts, Chem. Geol., 117, 149, 10.1016/0009-2541(94)90126-0 Horn, 2000, Precise elemental and isotope ratio determination by simultaneous solution nebulization and laser ablation-ICP-MS, Chem. Geol., 167, 405 Huang, 1995, The evolution of the lithosphere in southern Africa, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59, 4905, 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00335-5 Kempton, 1990, Petrology and geochemistry of lower crustal granulites from the Geronimo Volcanic Field, Southeastern Arizona, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 54, 3401, 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90294-U Kempton, 1992, Oxygen isotope evidence for large-scale hybridization of the lower crust during magmatic underplating, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56, 971, 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90041-G Kempton, 1995, Petrology and geochemistry of xenoliths from the Northern Baltic shield, Lithos, 36, 157, 10.1016/0024-4937(95)00016-X Kern, 1985, Elastic wave velocities in rocks from a lower crustal section in southern Calabria (Italy), Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 40, 147, 10.1016/0031-9201(85)90126-8 Kern, 1996, Seismic properties and densities of middle and lower crustal rocks exposed along the North China Geoscience Transect, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 139, 439, 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00240-D Leyreloup, 1977, Catazonal xenolith in French Neogene volcanic rocks, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 62, 283, 10.1007/BF00371016 Leyreloup, 1982, Petrology and geochemistry of granulite xenoliths from Central Hoggar (Algeria)—Implications for the lower crust, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 79, 68, 10.1007/BF00376962 Liu, 1992, Remnants of >3800 Ma crust in the Chinese part of the Sino-Korean craton, Geology, 20, 339, 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0339:ROMCIT>2.3.CO;2 Liu Y. S. (1999) Geochemistry of lower crustal xenoliths from Hannuoba basalt: Geodynamic implications (in Chinese). Ph.D. thesis. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan. Liu, 1999, Geochemistry of granulites from North China craton, Geol. Geochem., 27, 40 McDonough, 1995, The composition of the earth, Chem. Geol., 120, 223, 10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4 McKenzie, 1991, Paritial melt distributions from inversion of rare earth element concentrations, J. Petrol., 32, 1021, 10.1093/petrology/32.5.1021 Mengel, 1990, Crustal xenolith from Tertiary volcanics of the Northern Hessian Depression—Petrological and chemical evolution, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 104, 8, 10.1007/BF00310642 Menzies M. A., Fan W.-M., and Zhang M. (1993) Paleozoic and Cenozoic lithoprobes and the loss of >120 km of Archean lithosphere, Sino-Korean craton, China. In Magmatic Processes and Plate Tectonics (eds. H. M. Prichard et al.), publication 76, pp. 71–81. Geological Society of London. Nesbitt, 1982, Early Proterozoic climates and plate motion inferred from major element chemistry of lutites, Nature, 299, 715, 10.1038/299715a0 Nesbitt, 1989, Formation and diagenesis of weathering profiles, J. Geol., 97, 129, 10.1086/629290 Padovani E. and Carter J. (1977) Aspects of the deep crustal evolution beneath southcentral New Mexico. In The Earth’s Crust (ed. J. G. Heacock), pp. 19–55. Monograph No. 20. AGU. Powell, 1977, Nepheline-alkali feldspar geothermometer, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 62, 193, 10.1007/BF00372877 Reid, 1989, Contribution of metapelitic sediments to the composition, heat production, and seismic velocity of the lower crust of southern New Mexico, USA, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 95, 367, 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90111-8 Roberts, 1989, Geochemistry of exposed granulite facies terrains and lower crustal xenoliths in Mexico, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 7961, 10.1029/JB094iB06p07961 Rollinson, 1993 Rudnick, 1990, Nd and Sr isotopic composition of lower-crustal xenoliths from north Queensland, Australia, Chem. Geol., 83, 195, 10.1016/0009-2541(90)90280-K Rudnick, 1992, Xenoliths—samples of the lower continental crust, 269 Rudnick, 1992, Restites, Eu anomalies and the lower continental crust, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56, 963, 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90040-P Rudnick, 1986, Lower crust xenoliths from Queensland, Australia, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 50, 1099, 10.1016/0016-7037(86)90391-1 Rudnick, 1987, The composition and petrogenesis of the lower crust, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 13981, 10.1029/JB092iB13p13981 Rudnick, 1987, Dating the lower crust by ion microprobe, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 85, 145, 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90028-8 Rudnick, 1990, Geochemistry of intermediate- to high-pressure granulites, 523 Rudnick, 1995, Nature and composition of the continental crust, Rev. Geophys., 33, 267, 10.1029/95RG01302 Rudnick, 1995, Measured and calculated elastic wave speeds in partially equilibrated mafic granulite xenoliths, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 10211, 10.1029/94JB03261 Sachtleben, 1981, Chemical control of Al-solubility in orthopyroxene and its implications on pyroxene geothermometry, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 78, 157, 10.1007/BF00373777 Song, 1989, Geochemistry of peridotite xenoliths in basalt from Hannuoba, eastern China, Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 97, 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90276-7 Taylor, 1985 Taylor, 1995, The geochemical evolution of the continental crust, Rev. Geophys., 33, 241, 10.1029/95RG00262 Villemant, 1981, Distribution coefficients of major and trace elements; fractional crystalization in the alkali basalt series of Chaine des Puys (Massif Central, France), Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 1997, 10.1016/0016-7037(81)90055-7 Wedepohl, 1995, The composition of the continental crust, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59, 1217, 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2 Wells, 1977, Pyroxene thermometry in simple complex system, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 62, 129, 10.1007/BF00372872 Wendlandt, 1993, Nd and Sr isotope chronostratigraphy of Colorado Plateau lithosphere, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 116, 23, 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90043-9 Wiedenbeck, 1995, Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb, Lu-Hf, trace element and REE analysis, Geostand. Newl., 19, 1, 10.1111/j.1751-908X.1995.tb00147.x Wood, 1974, Solubility of aluminia in orthopyroxene coexisting with garnet, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 46, 1, 10.1007/BF00377989 Xie, 1993, The discovery of granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba basalt, northern Hebei, China, Bull. Hebei Coll. Geol., 16, 587 Xu X., O’Reilly S. Y., Griffin W. L., Zhou X., and Huang X. L. (1998) The nature of the Cenozoic lithosphere at Nushan, eastern China. In Mantle Dynamics and Plate Interaction in East Asia. Geodynamic Series 27 (eds. M. F. J. Flower et al.), pp. 167–195. AGC. Zandt, 1995, Continental crust composition constrained by measurements of crustal Poisson’s ratio, Nature, 374, 152, 10.1038/374152a0 Zhai, 1996 Zhang, 1988 Zhang, 1998, Heterogeneity of the lower crust, Geochemica, 27, 153 Zhang, 1998, Five-dimension feature of Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths from Hannuoba basalt, Chin. Sci. Bull., 43, 2218 Zhao, 2000, Metamorphism of basement rocks in the Central Zone of the North China Craton, Precambrian Res., 103, 55, 10.1016/S0301-9268(00)00076-0 Zhi, 1990, Geochemistry of Hannuoba basalt, eastern China, Chem. Geol., 88, 1, 10.1016/0009-2541(90)90101-C Zhou, 1982, Cenozoic volcanic rocks of eastern China—secular and geograpic trends in chemistry and strontium isotopic composition, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 58, 301, 10.1016/0012-821X(82)90083-8 Zhu, 1998 Zhu, 1997, Structure and wave velocity-texture study of crust and upper mantle from Beijing-Huailai-Fengzhen profile, Acta Seismolog. Sinica, 19, 499