Transitive homology-guided structural studies lead to discovery of Cro proteins with 40% sequence identity but different folds

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - Tập 105 Số 7 - Trang 2343-2348 - 2008
Christian G. Roessler1, Branwen M. Hall1, W. J. Anderson1, Wendy Marie Ingram1, S.A. Roberts1, W.R. Montfort1, Matthew Cordes1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721

Tóm tắt

Proteins that share common ancestry may differ in structure and function because of divergent evolution of their amino acid sequences. For a typical diverse protein superfamily, the properties of a few scattered members are known from experiment. A satisfying picture of functional and structural evolution in relation to sequence changes, however, may require characterization of a larger, well chosen subset. Here, we employ a “stepping-stone” method, based on transitive homology, to target sequences intermediate between two related proteins with known divergent properties. We apply the approach to the question of how new protein folds can evolve from preexisting folds and, in particular, to an evolutionary change in secondary structure and oligomeric state in the Cro family of bacteriophage transcription factors, initially identified by sequence-structure comparison of distant homologs from phages P22 and λ. We report crystal structures of two Cro proteins, Xfaso 1 and Pfl 6, with sequences intermediate between those of P22 and λ. The domains show 40% sequence identity but differ by switching of α-helix to β-sheet in a C-terminal region spanning ≈25 residues. Sedimentation analysis also suggests a correlation between helix-to-sheet conversion and strengthened dimerization.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Tập 105 Số 7

2343-2348

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