A DNA barcode for land plants

Peter M. Hollingsworth1, Laura L. Forrest1, John L. Spouge2, Mehrdad Hajibabaei3, Sujeevan Ratnasingham3, Michelle van der Bank4, Mark W. Chase5, Robyn S. Cowan5, David L. Erickson6, Aron J. Fazekas7, Sean W. Graham8, Karen E. James9, Ki-Joong Kim10, W. John Kress6, Harald Schneider9, Jonathan Van Alphen-Stahl5, Spencer C. H. Barrett11, Cássio van den Berg12, Diego Bogarín13, Kevin S. Burgess14,11, Kenneth M. Cameron15, Mark A. Carine9, Juliana Chacón16, Alexandra Clark1, James J. Clarkson5, Ferozah Conrad17, Dion S. Devey5, C. S. Ford18, Terry A. Hedderson19, Michelle L. Hollingsworth1, Brian C. Husband7, Laura J. Kelly1,5, Prasad Kesanakurti7, Jung Sung Kim10, Young‐Dong Kim20, Renaud Lahaye4, Hae-Lim Lee10, David G. Long1, Santiago Madriñán16, Olivier Maurin4, Isabelle Meusnier3, Steven G. Newmaster7, Chong-Wook Park21, Diana M. Percy8, Gitte Petersen22, James Richardson1, Gerardo A. Salazar23, Vincent Savolainen24,5, Ole Seberg22, M. J. Wilkinson18, Dong‐Keun Yi25,10, Damon P. Little26
1Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom
2National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Computational Biology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20894;
3Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
4Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
5Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3DS, United Kingdom;
6Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20013-7012;
7Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, On, Canada, N1G 2W1
8UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, and Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;
9Botany Department, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;
10School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
11Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
12Laboratório de Sistemática Molecular de Plantas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, 44031-460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil;
13Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
14Department of Biology, Columbus State University, Columbus, GA 31907-5645;
15Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53508;
16Universidad de los Andes, Apartado Aéreo 4976, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia;
17Leslie Hill Molecular Systematics Laboratory, SANBI, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Claremont 7735, Cape Town, South Africa;
18Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, United Kingdom;
19Department of Botany, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
20Department of Life Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea;
21School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
22Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1307 Copenhagen K, Denmark;
23Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico
24Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; and
25Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
26Cullman Program for Molecular Systematics, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, 10458-5126

Tóm tắt

DNA barcoding involves sequencing a standard region of DNA as a tool for species identification. However, there has been no agreement on which region(s) should be used for barcoding land plants. To provide a community recommendation on a standard plant barcode, we have compared the performance of 7 leading candidate plastid DNA regions ( atpF–atpH spacer, matK gene, rbcL gene, rpoB gene, rpoC1 gene, psbK–psbI spacer, and trnH–psbA spacer). Based on assessments of recoverability, sequence quality, and levels of species discrimination, we recommend the 2-locus combination of rbcL + matK as the plant barcode. This core 2-locus barcode will provide a universal framework for the routine use of DNA sequence data to identify specimens and contribute toward the discovery of overlooked species of land plants.

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