Co-word analysis as a tool for describing the network of interactions between basic and technological research: The case of polymer chemsitry
Tóm tắt
The goal of this paper is to show how co-word analysis techniques can be used to study interactions between academic and technological research. It is based upon a systematic content analysis of publications in the polymer science field over a period of 15 years. The results concern a.) the evolution of research in different subject areas and the patterns of their interaction; b.) a description of subject area “life cycles”; c.) an analysis of ”research trajectories” given factors of stability and change in a research network; d.) the need to use both science push and technology pull theories to explain the interaction dynamics of a research field. The co-word techniques developed in this paper should help to build a bridge between research in scientometrics and work underway to better understand the economics of innovation.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Bauin S., B. Michelet,Comprendre la réaction chimique: étude des tendances internationales, mimeo CNRS, 1988.
Callon M., J.P. Courtial, F. Laville,Co-word Analysis as a Tool for Evaluating Public Programmes of Research, CSI-NSF, 1990.
Callon M., P. Laredo, V. Rabeharisoa, Public technological programmes and the dynamics of techno-economic networks; submitted for publication (French version to appear in:D. Foray (Ed.),L'évaluation économique de la technologie. Economica, 1990).
Callon M., Some elements of a sociology of translation: Domestication of the scallops and fishermen of St. Brieuc Bay, in:J. Law (Ed.),Power, Action and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge? Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986.
Callon M., Techno-economic networks and irreversibility; submitted for publication (French version to appear in:R. Boyer (Ed.)Figures de l'irréversibilité en économie, EHESS, 1990).
Callon M., Law J, Rip A. (Eds),Mapping the Dynamics of Science and Technology, McMillan, London, 1986.
Courtial J.P., Qualitative models, quantitative tools and network analysis,Scientometrics, 15 (1989) 527.
Freeman C.,The Economics of Industrial Innovation, Frances Pinter 1982.
Grupp H., B. Schwitalla, Technometrics, Bibliometrics, Econometrics and Patent Analysis: Towards a Correlated System of Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, in:A. Van Raan et al. (Ed.), 1989.
Michelet B.,L'analyse des mots associés, unpublished dissertation, 1988.
Narin F., E. Noma, Is technology becoming science?,Scientometrics, 7 (1985) 369–381.
Narin F., E. Noma, R. Perry, Patents as indicators of corporate technological strength,Research Policy, 16 (1987) 143.
Nelson R. R., S.G. Winter, In search of a useful theory of innovation,Research Policy, 6 (1977) 36.
Oehler K., W.E. Snizek, N.C. Mullins, Words and sentences over time: How facts are buit and sustained in a specialty area,Science, Technology and Human Values, 14 (1989) 258.
Pavitt K., Sectoral patterns of technological change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory,Research Policy, 13 (1984) 343.
Turner W.A., Chartron G., Laville F., Michelet M., Packaging information for peer review: new co-word analysis techniques, in:A. Van Raan (Ed.)Handbook of Quantitative Studies of Science and Technology, Elsevier, North Holland, 1988.
Van Raan A., A. Nederhof, H. Moed (Eds),Science and Technology Indicators, DSWO Press, University of Leiden.
B.G. Van Vianen, H.F. Moed, A. Van Raan, The assessment of the science base of recent technology,Research Policy, 19 (1990) 61.
Von Hippel E.,The Sources of Innovation, Oxford University Press, 1988.
Walsh V., Invention and innovation in the chemical industry: Demand pull or discovery push?Research Policy, 13 (1984) 211.