Analysis of acute myeloid leukemia incidence and geographic distribution in Canada from 1992 to 2010 reveals disease clusters in Sarnia and other industrial US border cities in Ontario

Cancer - Tập 125 Số 11 - Trang 1886-1897 - 2019
Feras M. Ghazawi1, Michelle Le2, Janelle Cyr2, Elena Netchiporouk3, Elham Rahme4, Akram Alakel5, Andrei Zubarev3, Mathieu Powell3, Linda Moreau3, Osama Roshdy3, Steven J. Glassman1, Denis Sasseville3, Gizelle Popradi6, Ivan V. Litvinov3,1
1Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
2Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
3Division of Dermatology McGill University Montréal Québec Canada
4Division of Clinical Epidemiology McGill University Montréal Québec Canada
5Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
6Division of Hematology McGill University Montréal Québec Canada

Tóm tắt

BackgroundSeveral risk factors have been implicated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) leukemogenesis. However, the epidemiologic distribution and precise triggers for AML in Canada remain poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, demographic data for AML patients in Canada from 1992 to 2010 were analyzed using 3 independent population‐based cancer registries. The AML incidence and mortality rates were examined at the levels of province/territory, city, and forward sortation area (FSA) postal code.ResultsIn total, 18,085 patients were identified. AML incidence was documented to be 30.61 cases per million individuals per year (95% confidence interval [CI], 30.17‐31.06) from 1992 to 2010. Five industrial cities in Ontario were identified where incidence rates were significantly higher than the national average: Sarnia, Sault Ste. Marie, Thunder Bay, St. Catharines, and Hamilton. Analysis at the FSA postal code level identified significant patient clusters of AML in these cities. Specifically, FSA N7V in Sarnia, Ontario had an incidence of 106.81 (95% CI, 70.96‐161.86) cases per million individuals per year, which is >3 times higher than the national average. The pollution from local oil refineries and chemical plants in Sarnia may be implicated as a risk factor for AML in that city. Analysis of mortality rates at the province and city levels corroborated the findings from the incidence data.ConclusionThese results provide a comprehensive analysis of AML burden in Canada and reveal striking geographic case clustering in industrial Ontario cities and potentially implicate exposure to materials/pollution from these plants as an important risk factor for developing AML in Canada.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.3322/caac.21387

Public Health Agency of Canada, 2014, Cancer in Canada—an epidemiologic overview

10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69780-8

10.1182/blood-2011-04-347872

10.1182/blood-2010-05-282632

10.1016/j.jped.2015.08.008

Rigolin GM, 1994, Study of prognosis in acute myeloid leukemias (AML) by cluster analysis, Haematologica, 79, 233

10.1002/cncr.30758

10.1177/1203475417745825

10.1016/j.jaad.2018.07.041

10.1038/s41598-017-19081-4

10.1002/cncr.24373

CribbR McIntoshE JarvisC BogdanS BocknekM MackenzieR.In Sarnia’s Chemical Valley is “toxic soup” making people sick?The Toronto Star. October 14 2017.https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2017/10/14/in-sarnias-chemical-valley-is-toxic-soup-making-people-sick.html. Accessed April 3 2018.

CraigS JarvisC McIntoshE BogdanS BocknekM MackenzieR.We expected cancer”: are industrial spills in Canada’s “Chemical Valley” making people sick?Global News. October 14 2017.https://globalnews.ca/news/3796720/sarnia-oil-industry-spills-human-impact-investigation/. Accessed April 3 2018.

10.1002/cncr.27442

10.1007/s10654-012-9727-1

10.1002/pbc.21181

10.1186/s12889-017-4644-6

10.3109/08880018.2011.613091

10.3390/ijerph6102655

10.1093/jnci/84.21.1626

10.1093/jnci/85.24.1994

International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2009, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: Benzene Monograph, 100F

International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2008, World Cancer Report 2008

Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, 2015, Air quality in Ontario: 2015 Report

10.1016/j.canep.2013.03.012

10.1002/ajh.23744

10.1007/s13187-012-0383-7

10.1038/bcj.2015.114

10.1007/s00277-015-2351-x

10.1016/j.canep.2016.07.007

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Cancer

Tập 125 Số 11

1886-1897

Thông tin tác giả