The implementation of biofiltration systems, rainwater tanks and urban irrigation in a single-layer urban canopy model
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abernethy, B., Rutherfurd, I.D., 2001. The distribution and strength of riparian tree roots in relation to riverbank reinforcement, 79, 63–79
ABS, 2011. Household Water and Energy Use, Technical Report October 2011, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Victoria, Australia.
Athuraliya, A., Roberts, P., Brown, A., 2012. Yarra Valley Future Water: Residential Water Use Study Volume 2 Summer 2012, Technical Report August.
Best, M.J., Grimmond, C., 2014. How does the representation of vegetation within a urban land surface model influence the distribution of energy between the sensible and latent heat fluxes over a number of sites with varying land cover? In: the AMS 11th Symposium on the Urban Environment. URL: https://ams.confex.com/ams/94Annual/webprogram/Paper234291.html..
Bowler, 2010, Urban greening to cool towns and cities: a systematic review of the empirical evidence, Landscape Urban Plan., 97, 147, 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.05.006
Bratieres, 2008, Nutrient and sediment removal by stormwater biofilters: a large-scale design optimisation study, Water Res., 42, 3930, 10.1016/j.watres.2008.06.009
Brooks, 1964, Hydraulic properties of porous media, Hydrology, 3
Bueno, 2013, Calculation of air temperatures above the urban canopy layer from measurements at a rural operational weather station, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 52, 472, 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-083.1
Burns, 2012, Hydrologic shortcomings of conventional urban stormwater management and opportunities for reform, Landscape Urban Plan., 105, 230, 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.12.012
Campbell, 1974, A simple method for determining unsaturated conductivity from moisture retention data, Soil Sci., 117, 10.1097/00010694-197406000-00001
Chen, 1997, Impact of atmospheric surface-layer parameterizations in the new land-surface scheme of the NCEP mesoscale Eta model, Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 391, 10.1023/A:1000531001463
Clapp, 1978, Empirical equations for some soil hydraulic properties, Water Resour. Res., 14, 601, 10.1029/WR014i004p00601
Coleman, 2010, Anthropogenic moisture effects on WRF summertime surface temperature and mixing ratio forecast skill in Southern California, Weather Forecast., 25, 1522, 10.1175/2010WAF2222384.1
Cosby, 1984, A statistical exploration of the relationships of soil moisture characteristics to the physical properties of soils, Water Resour. Res., 20, 682, 10.1029/WR020i006p00682
Coutts, 2010, Changing urban climate and CO2 emissions: implications for the development of policies for sustainable cities, Urban Policy Res., 28, 27, 10.1080/08111140903437716
Coutts, 2013, Watering our cities: the capacity for water sensitive urban design to support urban cooling and improve human thermal comfort in the Australian context, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 37, 2, 10.1177/0309133312461032
Demuzere, 2013, Simulating the surface energy balance over two contrasting urban environments using the Community Land Model Urban, Int. J. Climatol., 33, 3182, 10.1002/joc.3656
Demuzere, 2014, Mitigating and adapting to climate change: multi-functional and multi-scale assessment of green urban infrastructure, J. Environ. Manage., 146, 107, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.025
Emmanuel, 2005, Thermal comfort implications of urbanization in a warm-humid city: the Colombo Metropolitan Region (CMR), Sri Lanka, Building Environ., 40, 1591, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.12.004
FAWB, 2009. Adoption Guidelines for Stormwater Biofiltration Systems, Technical Report. Facility for Advancing Water Biofiltration, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Fletcher, 2013, Understanding, management and modelling of urban hydrology and its consequences for receiving waters: a state of the art, Adv. Water Resour., 51, 261, 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.09.001
Gallant, 2013, The characteristics of seasonal-scale droughts in Australia, 1911–2009, Int. J. Climatol., 33, 1658, 10.1002/joc.3540
Georgescu, 2011, An alternative explanation of the semiarid urban area oasis effect, J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos., 116, n/a, 10.1029/2011JD016720
Gerbet, 2012
Gober, 2009, Using watered landscapes to manipulate urban heat island effects: how much water will it take to cool phoenix?, J. Am. Plan. Assoc., 76, 109, 10.1080/01944360903433113
Grimmond, 1991, An evaporation–interception model for urban areas, Water Resour. Res., 27, 1739, 10.1029/91WR00557
Grimmond, 2002, Turbulent heat fluxes in urban areas: observations and a local-scale urban meteorological parameterization scheme (LUMPS), J. Appl. Meteorol., 41, 792, 10.1175/1520-0450(2002)041<0792:THFIUA>2.0.CO;2
Grimmond, 2010, The international urban energy balance models comparison project: first results from phase 1, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 49, 1268, 10.1175/2010JAMC2354.1
Grimmond, 2011, Initial results from Phase 2 of the international urban energy balance model comparison, Int. J. Climatol., 31, 244, 10.1002/joc.2227
Grossman-Clarke, 2010, Contribution of land use changes to near-surface air temperatures during recent summer extreme heat events in the phoenix metropolitan area, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 49, 1649, 10.1175/2010JAMC2362.1
Gutmann, E.D., Small, E.E., 2005. The effect of soil hydraulic properties vs. soil texture in land surface models, 32, 2–5, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021843.
Hamdi, 2009, Effects of historical urbanization in the Brussels Capital Region on surface air temperature time series: a model study, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 48, 2181, 10.1175/2009JAMC2140.1
Hamel, 2014, The impact of stormwater source-control strategies on the (low) flow regime of urban catchments, Water Sci. Technol., 69, 739, 10.2166/wst.2013.772
Järvi, 2011, The Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS): evaluation in Los Angeles and Vancouver, J. Hydrol., 411, 219, 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001
Järvi, 2014, Development of the Surface Urban Energy and Water balance Scheme (SUEWS) for cold climate cities, Geoscientific Model Dev. Discuss., 7, 1063, 10.5194/gmdd-7-1063-2014
Knights, D., 2009. Water Sensitive Urban Design Vegetation Selection Guide, Technical Report, Northern Territory Department of Planning and Infrastructure, Sydney, Australia.
Krause, 2005, Comparison of different efficiency criteria for hydrological model assessment, Adv. Geosci., 5, 89, 10.5194/adgeo-5-89-2005
Kusaka, 2004, Coupling a single-layer urban canopy model with a simple atmospheric model: impact on urban heat island simulation for an idealized case, Society, 82
Lawrence, 2010, Investigating the climate impacts of global land cover change in the community climate system model, Int. J. Climatol., 30, 2066, 10.1002/joc.2061
Lee, 2011, Further development of the vegetated urban canopy model including a grass-covered surface parametrization and photosynthesis effects, Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 140, 315, 10.1007/s10546-011-9603-7
Lee, 2008, A vegetated urban canopy model for meteorological and environmental modelling, Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 126, 73, 10.1007/s10546-007-9221-6
Lemonsu, 2012, Inclusion of vegetation in the Town Energy Balance model for modeling urban green areas, Geoscientific Model Dev. Discuss., 5, 1295, 10.5194/gmdd-5-1295-2012
Loridan, 2010, Trade-offs and responsiveness of the single-layer urban canopy parametrization in WRF: an offline evaluation using the MOSCEM optimization algorithm and field observations, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 136, 997, 10.1002/qj.614
McKay, 1979, A comparison of three methods for selecting values of input variables in the analysis of output from a computer code, Technometrics, 21, 239
Meyer, P.D., Rockhold, M.L., Gee, G.W., 1997. Uncertainty Analyses of Infiltration and Subsurface Flow and Transport for SDMP Sites, Technical Report NUREG/CR-6565, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC.
Mitchell, 2001, Modelling the urban water cycle, Environ. Model. Softw., 16, 615, 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00029-9
Mitchell, 2007, Linking urban water balance and energy balance models to analyse urban design options, Hydrol. Process., 22, 2891, 10.1002/hyp.6868
Mualem, 1974, A new model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media, Water Resour. Res., 12, 513, 10.1029/WR012i003p00513
O’Grady, 2005, Comparative water use by the riparian trees Melaleuca Argentea and Corymbia bella in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia, Tree Physiol., 26, 219, 10.1093/treephys/26.2.219
Oke, 1987
Oleson, K.W., Dai, Y., Bonan, G.B., Bosilovich, M., Dickinson, R., Dirmeyer, P., Hoffman, F., Houser, P., Levis, S., Niu, G.Y., Thornton, P.V.M., Yang, Z.L., Zeng, X., 2004. Technical Description of the Community Land Model (CLM), Technical Report NCAR/TN-461+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
Oleson, 2008, An urban parameterization for a global climate model. Part II: sensitivity to input parameters and the simulated urban heat island in offline simulations, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 47, 1061, 10.1175/2007JAMC1598.1
Oleson, 2008, An urban parameterization for a global climate model. Part I: formulation and evaluation for two cities, J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 47, 1038, 10.1175/2007JAMC1597.1
Oleson, K.W., Bonan, G.B., Feddema, J., Vertenstein, M., Kluzek, E., 2010a. Technical Description of an Urban Parameterization for the Community Land Model (CLMU), Technical Report NCAR/TN-480+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
Oleson, K.W., Lawrence, D.M., Bonan, G.B., Flanner, M.G., Kluzek, E., Lawrence, P.J., Levis, S., Swenson, S.C., Thornton, P.E., Dai, A., Decker, M., Dickinson, R., Feddema, J., Heald, C.L., Hoffman, F., Lamarque, J.F., Mahowald, N., Niu, G.Y., Qian, T., Randerson, J., Running, S., Sakaguchi, K., Slater, A., Stockli, R., Wang, A., Yang, Z.L., Zeng, X., Zeng, X., 2010b. Technical Description of version 4.0 of the Community Land Model (CLM), Technical Report NCAR/TN-478+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
Oleson, K.W., Lawrence, D.M., Bonan, G.B., Drewniak, B., Huang, M., Koven, C.D., Levis, S., Li, F., Riley, W.J., Subin, Z.M., Swenson, S.C., Thornton, P.E., Bozbiyik, A., Fisher, R., Heald, C.L., Kluzek, E., Lamarque, J.F., Lawrence, P.J., Leung, L.R., Lipscomb, W., Muszala, S., Ricciuto, D.M., Sacks, W., Sun, Y., Tang, J., Yang, Z.L., 2013. Technical Description of version 4.5 of the Community Land Model (CLM), Technical Report NCAR/TN-503+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.
Vahmani, 2014, Incorporating an urban irrigation module into the noah land surface model coupled with an urban canopy model, J. Hydrometeorol., 15, 1440, 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0121.1
Walsh, 2005, Stream restoration in urban catchments through redesigning stormwater systems: looking to the catchment to save the stream, J. North Am. Benthol. Soc., 24, 690, 10.1899/04-020.1