NADPH oxidases: not just for leukocytes anymore!

Babior, 1999, NADPH oxidase: an update, Blood, 93, 1464, 10.1182/blood.V93.5.1464 Lambeth, 2000, Regulation of the phagocyte respiratory burst oxidase by protein interactions, Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int., 33, 427 Benard, 1999, Potential drug targets: small GTPases that regulate leukocyte function, Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 20, 365, 10.1016/S0165-6147(99)01367-X Abo, 1991, Activation of the NADPH oxidase involves the small GTP-binding protein p21rac1, Nature, 353, 668, 10.1038/353668a0 Knaus, 1991, Regulation of phagocytic oxygen radical production by the GTP-binding protein Rac 2, Science, 254, 1512, 10.1126/science.1660188 Heyworth, 1994, Rac translocates independently of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase components p47phox and p67phox, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 30749, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47341-3 Dorseuil, 1992, Inhibition of superoxide in B lymphocytes by Rac antisense oligonucleotides, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 20540, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)36716-X Roberts, 1999, Deficiency of the hematopoietic cell-specific Rho family GTPase Rac2 is characterized by abnormalities in neutrophil function and host defense, Immunity, 10, 183, 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80019-9 Kim, 2001, Rac2 is an essential regulator of neutrophil nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation in response to specific signaling pathways, J. Immunol., 166, 1223, 10.4049/jimmunol.166.2.1223 Dinauer, 2003, Regulation of neutrophil function by Rac GTPases, Curr. Opin. Hematol., 10, 8, 10.1097/00062752-200301000-00003 Glogauer, 2003, Rac1 deletion in mouse neutrophils has selective effects on neutrophil functions, J. Immunol., 170, 5652, 10.4049/jimmunol.170.11.5652 Lapouge, 2002, Architecture of the p40–p47–p67phox complex in the resting state of the NADPH oxidase. A central role for p67phox, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 10121, 10.1074/jbc.M112065200 DeLeo, 1996, Assembly of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase: molecular interaction of oxidase proteins, J. Leukoc. Biol., 60, 677, 10.1002/jlb.60.6.677 Groemping, 2003, Molecular basis of phosphorylation-induced activation of the NADPH oxidase, Cell, 113, 343, 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00314-3 Dorseuil, 1995, Dissociation of Rac translocation from p47phox/p67phox movements in human neutrophils by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, J. Leukoc. Biol., 58, 108, 10.1002/jlb.58.1.108 Price, 2002, Rac activation induces NADPH oxidase activity in transgenic COSphox cells, and the level of superoxide production is exchange factor-dependent, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 19220, 10.1074/jbc.M200061200 Quinn, 1993, Translocation of Rac correlates with NADPH oxidase activation, J. Biol. Chem., 268, 20983, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)36882-6 Knaus, 1995, Regulation of human leukocyte p21-activated kinases through G protein-coupled receptors, Science, 269, 221, 10.1126/science.7618083 Jones, 1998, Two signaling mechanisms for activation of αM β2 avidity in polymorphonuclear neutrophils, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 10556, 10.1074/jbc.273.17.10556 Ago, 1999, Mechanism for phosphorylation-induced activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase protein p47(phox). Triple replacement of serines 303, 304, and 328 with aspartates disrupts the SH3 domain-mediated intramolecular interaction in p47(phox), thereby activating the oxidase, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 33644, 10.1074/jbc.274.47.33644 Freeman, 1996, NADPH oxidase activity is independent of p47-phox in vitro, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 22578, 10.1074/jbc.271.37.22578 Koshkin, 1996, The cytosolic component p47phox is not a sine qua non participant in the activation of NADPH oxidase, but is required for optimal superoxide production, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 30326, 10.1074/jbc.271.48.30326 Kuribayashi, 2002, The adapter protein p40(phox) as a positive regulator of the superoxide-producing phagocyte oxidase, EMBO J., 21, 6312, 10.1093/emboj/cdf642 Ellson, 2001, PtDIns(3) P regulates the neutrophil oxidase complex by binding to the PX domain of p40phox, Nat. Cell Biol., 3, 679, 10.1038/35083076 Kanai, 2001, The PX domains of p47phox and p40phox bind to lipid products of PI(3)K, Nat. Cell Biol., 3, 675, 10.1038/35083070 Zhan, 2002, The p40phox and p47phox PX domains of NADPH oxidase target cell membranes via direct and indirect recruitment by phosphoinositides, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 4512, 10.1074/jbc.M109520200 Simonsen, 2001, PX domains: attracted by phosphoinositides, Nat. Cell Biol., 3, E179, 10.1038/35087112 Han, 1998, Regulation of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase: identification of an activation domain in p67phox, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 16663, 10.1074/jbc.273.27.16663 Grizot, 2001, The active N terminal region of p67phox, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 21627, 10.1074/jbc.M100893200 Nishimoto, 1999, The p67phox activation domain regulates electron transfer flow from NADPH to flavin in flavocytochrome b558, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 22999, 10.1074/jbc.274.33.22999 Bokoch, 1994, Guanine nucleotide exchange regulates membrane translocation of Rac/Rho GTP-binding proteins, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 31674, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)31748-4 Welch, 2002, P-Rex1, a PtdIns(3,4,5)P3- and Gβγ-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac, Cell, 108, 809, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00663-3 Di-Poi, 2001, Mechanism of NADPH oxidase activation by the Rac/Rho-GDI complex, Biochemistry, 40, 10014, 10.1021/bi010289c Freeman, 1994, A Ras effector-homologue region on rac regulates protein associations in the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase complex, Biochemistry, 33, 13431, 10.1021/bi00249a031 Xu, 1994, Differing structural requirements for GTPase-activating protein responsiveness and NADPH oxidase activation by Rac, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 23569, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31553-3 Diekmann, 1994, Interaction of Rac with p67phox and regulation of phagocytic NADPH oxidase activity, Science, 265, 531, 10.1126/science.8036496 Koga, 1999, Tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs of p67phox participate in interaction with the small GTPase Rac and activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 25051, 10.1074/jbc.274.35.25051 Lapouge, 2000, Structure of the TPR domain of p67phox in complex with Rac-GTP, Mol. Cell, 6, 899, 10.1016/S1097-2765(05)00091-2 Joseph, 1995, Peptide walking is a novel method for mapping functional domains in proteins, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 29079, 10.1074/jbc.270.49.29079 Diebold, 2001, Molecular basis for Rac2 regulation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, Nat. Immunol., 2, 211, 10.1038/85259 Freeman, 1996, Rac ‘insert region’ is a novel effector region that is implicated in the activation of NADPH oxidase, but not PAK65, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19794, 10.1074/jbc.271.33.19794 Toporik, 1998, Mutational analysis of novel effector domains in Rac1 involved in the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) oxidase, Biochemistry, 37, 7147, 10.1021/bi9800404 Alloul, 2001, Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase by chimeric proteins consisting of segments of the cytosolic component p67phox and the small GTPase Rac1, Biochemistry, 40, 14557, 10.1021/bi0117347 Joneson, 1998, A Rac1 effector site controlling mitogenesis through superoxide production, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 17991, 10.1074/jbc.273.29.17991 Nimnual, 2003, Redox-dependent downregulation of Rho by Rac, Nat. Cell Biol., 5, 236, 10.1038/ncb938 Bokoch, 2002, Current molecular models for NADPH oxidase regulation by Rac GTPase, Blood, 100, 2692, 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1149 Lambeth, 2000, Novel homologs of gp91phox, Trends Biochem. Sci., 25, 459, 10.1016/S0968-0004(00)01658-3 Lambeth, 2002, Nox/Duox family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(phosphate) oxidases, Curr. Opin. Hematol., 9, 11, 10.1097/00062752-200201000-00003 Keller, 1998, A plant homolog of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase gp91phox subunit gene encodes a plasma membrane protein with Ca-binding motifs, Plant Cell, 10, 255, 10.1105/tpc.10.2.255 Banfi, 2001, A Ca(2+)-activated NADPH oxidase in testis, spleen and lymph nodes, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 37594, 10.1074/jbc.M103034200 Dupuy, 1999, Purification of a novel flavoprotein involved in the thyroid NADPH oxidase, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 37265, 10.1074/jbc.274.52.37265 Edens, 2001, Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a multidomain oxidase/peroxidase with homology to the phagocyte oxidase subunit gp91phox, J. Cell Biol., 154, 879, 10.1083/jcb.200103132 De Deken, 2000, Cloning of two human thyroid cDNAs encoding new members of the NADPH oxidase family, J. Biol. Chem., 275, 23227, 10.1074/jbc.M000916200 Cheng, 2001, Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue distribution of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5, Gene, 269, 131, 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00449-8 Geiszt, 2000, Identification of Renox, an NAD(P)H oxidase in kidney, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 97, 8010, 10.1073/pnas.130135897 Shiose, 2001, A novel superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidase in kidney, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 1417, 10.1074/jbc.M007597200 Geiszt, 2003, Dual oxidases represent novel hydrogen peroxide sources supporting mucosal surface host defense, FASEB J., 10.1096/fj.02-1104fje Suh, 1999, Cell transformation by the superoxide-generating oxidase Mox1, Nature, 401, 79, 10.1038/43459 Banfi, 2000, A mammalian H+channel generated through alternative splicing of the NADPH oxidase homolog NOH-1, Science, 287, 138, 10.1126/science.287.5450.138 Kawahara, 2001, Type I Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide stimulates Toll-like receptor 4 and activates mitogen oxidase 1 in gastric pit cells, Infect. Immun., 69, 4382, 10.1128/IAI.69.7.4382-4389.2001 Arnold, 2001, Hydrogen peroxide mediates the cell growth and transformation caused by the mitogenic oxidase Nox1, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 98, 5550, 10.1073/pnas.101505898 Arbiser, 2002, Reactive oxygen species generated by Nox1 triggers the angiogenic switch, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 99, 715, 10.1073/pnas.022630199 Foreman, 2003, Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase regulate plant cell growth, Nature, 422, 442, 10.1038/nature01485 Geiszt, 2003, NAD(P)H oxidase 1, a product of differentiated colon epithelial cells, can partially replace glycoprotein 91phox in the regulated production of superoxide by phagocytes, J. Immunol., 170, 299, 10.4049/jimmunol.171.1.299 Takeya, 2003, Novel human homologyes of p47phox and p67phox participate in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 25234, 10.1074/jbc.M212856200 Banfi, 2003, Two novel proteins activate superoxide generation by the NADPH oxidase NOX1, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 3510, 10.1074/jbc.C200613200 Geiszt, 2003, Proteins homologous to p47phox and p67phox support superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase 1 in colon epithelial cells, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 20006, 10.1074/jbc.M301289200 Irani, 1997, Mitogenic signaling mediated by oxidants in Ras-transformed fibroblasts, Science, 275, 1649, 10.1126/science.275.5306.1649 Sundaresan, 1996, Regulation of reactive-oxygen-species generation in fibroblasts by Rac1, Biochem. J., 318, 379, 10.1042/bj3180379 Kim, 1998, Protection from reoxygenation injury by inhibition of rac1, J. Clin. Invest., 101, 1821, 10.1172/JCI1830 Ozaki, 2000, Inhibition of the Rac1 GTPase protects against nonlethal ischemia/reperfusion-induced necrosis and apoptosis in vivo, FASEB J., 14, 418, 10.1096/fasebj.14.2.418