Efficacy of surgical or endoscopic treatment of idiopathic achalasia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Hurst, 1930, Achalasia of the cardia: so-called cardiospasm, QJM, os-23, 491, 10.1093/qjmed/os-23.92.491 Sadowski, 2010, Achalasia: incidence, prevalence and survival. A population-based study, Neurogastroenterol Motil, 22, e256, 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01511.x Harvey, 2019, Incidence, morbidity and mortality of patients with achalasia in England: findings from a study of nationwide hospital and primary care data, Gut, 68, 790, 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316089 van Hoeij, 2018, Incidence and costs of achalasia in The Netherlands, Neurogastroenterol Motil, 30, 10.1111/nmo.13195 Duffield, 2017, Incidence of Achalasia in South Australia Based on Esophageal Manometry Findings, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 15, 360, 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.036 Vantrappen, 1971, Treatment of achalasia with pneumatic dilatations, Gut, 12, 268, 10.1136/gut.12.4.268 Boeckxstaens, 2014, Achalasia, Lancet, 383, 83, 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60651-0 Oude Nijhuis, 2020, European guidelines on achalasia: United European Gastroenterology and European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility recommendations, United European Gastroenterol J, 8, 13, 10.1177/2050640620903213 Wen, 2004, Nitrates for achalasia, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2004 Storr, 2002, Treatment of achalasia: the short-term response to botulinum toxin injection seems to be independent of any kind of pretreatment, BMC Gastroenterol, 2, 19, 10.1186/1471-230X-2-19 Kahrilas, 2017, Treatments for achalasia in 2017: how to choose among them, Curr Opin Gastroenterol, 33, 270, 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000365 Park, 2019, Comparative efficacy of per-oral endoscopic myotomy and Heller myotomy in patients with achalasia: a meta-analysis, Gastrointest Endosc, 90, 546, 10.1016/j.gie.2019.05.046 Schlottmann, 2018, Laparoscopic Heller myotomy for achalasia technical aspects, Am Surg, 84, 477, 10.1177/000313481808400417 Oelschlager, 2007, Surgical options for treatment of esophageal motility disorders, Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY), 3, 687 Pasricha, 2007, Submucosal endoscopic esophageal myotomy: a novel experimental approach for the treatment of achalasia, Endoscopy, 39, 761, 10.1055/s-2007-966764 Inoue, 2009, First clinical experience of submucosal endoscopic esophageal myotomy for esophageal achalasia with no skin incision, Gastrointest Endosc, 69, 10.1016/j.gie.2009.03.133 Harvey, 2019, Outcomes of pneumatic dilatation and Heller's myotomy for achalasia in England between 2005 and 2016, Gut, 68, 1146, 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316544 Repici, 2018, GERD after per-oral endoscopic myotomy as compared with Heller's myotomy with fundoplication: a systematic review with meta-analysis, Gastrointest Endosc, 87, 934, 10.1016/j.gie.2017.10.022 Borges, 2014, Pneumatic dilation versus laparoscopic Heller myotomy for the treatment of achalasia: variables related to a good response, Dis Esophagus, 27, 18, 10.1111/dote.12064 Chrystoja, 2016, Achalasia-specific quality of life after pneumatic dilation or laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial, Am J Gastroenterol, 111, 1536, 10.1038/ajg.2016.402 Hamdy, 2015, Comparative study between laparoscopic Heller myotomy versus pneumatic dilatation for treatment of early achalasia: a prospective randomized study, J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 25, 460, 10.1089/lap.2014.0682 Bonifácio, 2019, Pneumatic dilation versus laparoscopic Heller's myotomy in the treatment of achalasia: systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials, Dis Esophagus, 32, 01, 10.1093/dote/doy105 Marano, 2016, Surgery or peroral esophageal myotomy for achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Medicine (Baltimore), 95, 10.1097/MD.0000000000003001 de Heer, 2020, Pneumatic balloon dilatation versus laparoscopic Heller myotomy for achalasia: a failed attempt at meta-analysis, Surg Endosc, 10.1007/s00464-020-07421-x Black, 2020, Efficacy of soluble fibre, antispasmodic drugs, and gut-brain neuromodulators in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis, Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 5, 117, 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30324-3 Luthra, 2019, Efficacy of drugs in chronic idiopathic constipation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis, Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 4, 831, 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30246-8 Black, 2020, Efficacy of pharmacological therapies in patients with IBS with diarrhoea or mixed stool pattern: systematic review and network meta-analysis, Gut, 69, 74, 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318160 Black, 2018, Efficacy of secretagogues in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: systematic review and network meta-analysis, Gastroenterology, 155, 1753, 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.021 Vaezi, 2020, ACG Clinical Guidelines: diagnosis and management of achalasia, Am J Gastroenterol, 115, 1393, 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000731 Taft, 2018, Evaluating the reliability and construct validity of the Eckardt symptom score as a measure of achalasia severity, Neurogastroenterol Motil, 30, 10.1111/nmo.13287 Gockel, 2007, The value of scoring achalasia: a comparison of current systems and the impact on treatment--the surgeon's viewpoint, Am Surg, 73, 327, 10.1177/000313480707300403 Sterne, 2019, RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials, BMJ, 366 Hutton, 2015, The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations, Ann Intern Med, 162, 777, 10.7326/M14-2385 Salanti, 2014, Evaluating the quality of evidence from a network meta-analysis, PLoS One, 9, 10.1371/journal.pone.0099682 Salanti, 2011, Graphical methods and numerical summaries for presenting results from multiple-treatment meta-analysis: an overview and tutorial, J Clin Epidemiol, 64, 163, 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.03.016 Sterne, 2011, Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials, BMJ, 343, 10.1136/bmj.d4002 Higgins, 2003, Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses, BMJ, 327, 557, 10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 Rücker, 2015, Ranking treatments in frequentist network meta-analysis works without resampling methods, BMC Med Res Methodol, 15, 58, 10.1186/s12874-015-0060-8 Morton, 2018 Persson, 2015, Treatment of achalasia with laparoscopic myotomy or pneumatic dilatation: long-term results of a prospective, randomized study, World J Surg, 39, 713, 10.1007/s00268-014-2869-4 Kostic, 2007, Pneumatic dilatation or laparoscopic cardiomyotomy in the management of newly diagnosed idiopathic achalasia. Results of a randomized controlled trial, World J Surg, 31, 470, 10.1007/s00268-006-0600-9 Linghu, 2013, Randomized study comparing peroral endoscopic myotomy, botulinum toxin injection and balloon dilation for achalasia: one-year follow-up ACG international award, Am J Gastroenterol, 108, S602, 10.14309/00000434-201310001-01979 Moura, 2019, A randomized controlled trial comparing peroral endoscopic myotomy (poem) versus laparoscopic heller myotomy with fundoplication in the treatment of achalasia, Gastrointest Endosc, 89, AB84, 10.1016/j.gie.2019.04.065 Boeckxstaens, 2011, Pneumatic dilation versus laparoscopic Heller's myotomy for idiopathic achalasia, N Engl J Med, 364, 1807, 10.1056/NEJMoa1010502 Ponds, 2019, Effect of peroral endoscopic myotomy vs pneumatic dilation on symptom severity and treatment outcomes among treatment-naive patients with achalasia: a randomized clinical trial, JAMA, 322, 134, 10.1001/jama.2019.8859 Werner, 2019, Endoscopic or surgical myotomy in patients with idiopathic achalasia, N Engl J Med, 381, 2219, 10.1056/NEJMoa1905380 Sami, 2018, UK guidelines on oesophageal dilatation in clinical practice, Gut, 67, 1000, 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315414 Aiolfi, 2020, Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis comparing laparoscopic Heller myotomy, pneumatic dilatation, and peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal achalasia, J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 30, 147, 10.1089/lap.2019.0432 Yaghoobi, 2013, Laparoscopic Heller's myotomy versus pneumatic dilation in the treatment of idiopathic achalasia: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials, Gastrointest Endosc, 78, 468, 10.1016/j.gie.2013.03.1335 Moonen, 2017, Economic evaluation of the randomized European Achalasia trial comparing pneumodilation with Laparoscopic Heller myotomy, Neurogastroenterol Motil, 29, 10.1111/nmo.13115 Miller, 2017, POEM is a cost-effective procedure: cost-utility analysis of endoscopic and surgical treatment options in the management of achalasia, Surg Endosc, 31, 1636, 10.1007/s00464-016-5151-z