Influence of artificial aging on the lubricating ability of water miscible metalworking fluids
Production Engineering - 2019
Tóm tắt
The understanding of the complex aging processes of water miscible metalworking fluids and their effect on the performance in machining processes is of high relevance for the metalworking industry. Nevertheless, only little knowledge is available in this context. Due to the highly dynamic interactions in the complex ecosystem “metalworking fluid”, a distinct correlating of the aging process with the performance of the fluid in metalworking processes is hardly possible. Consequences of the aging process on physical, chemical and biological properties of the fluid have been described in several research works. These consequences comprise aspects such as the decrease of the pH-value, the increase of the droplet size, the presence of bacterial cells or the modification of the metalworking fluid composition. The novel approach of the presented work aims to investigate the individual influence of isolated aging aspects on the lubricity of metalworking fluids. Therefore, selected aging aspects were artificially varied separately from each other and evaluated in tribological experiments. It could be shown that the physical presence of bacterial cells as well as extracellular polymeric substances have positive influence on the lubricating ability while the pH-value has no effect and the droplet size only a slight influence on the fluids performance. The results reveal essential knowledge for the design of future monitoring and maintenance strategies for water miscible metalworking fluids.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Brinksmeier E, Meyer D, Huesmann-Cordes AG, Herrmann C (2015) Metalworking fluids—mechanisms and performance. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 64:605–628
Norm DIN (2013) Schmierstoffe—Bearbeitungsmedien für die Umformung und Zerspanung von Werkstoffen—Begriffe. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p 51385
Meyer D, Wagner A (2016) Influence of metalworking fluid additives on the thermal conditions in grinding. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 65:313–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.04.016
Canter N (2011) Monitoring metalworking fluids. Tribol Lubr Technol 67/3:42–51
van der Gast C, Whiteley AS, Lilley AK, Knowles CJ, Thompson IP (2003) Bacterial community structure and function in a metalworking fluid. Environ Microbiol 5/6:453–461
Lee M, Chandler AC (1941) A study of the nature, growth and control of bacteria in cutting compounds. J Bacteriol 41/3:373–386
Passmann FJ (1988) Microbial problems in metalworking fluids. Tribol Lubr Technol 44:431–433
Rabenstein A, Koch T, Remesch M, Brinksmeier E, Kuever J (2009) Microbial degradation of water miscible metal working fluids. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 63:1023–1029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.07.005
Thompson IP, van der Gast CJ (2010) The microbiology of metal working fluids. In: Timmis KN (ed) Handbook of hydrocarbons and lipid microbiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 2369–2376. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_173
Seidel B, Meyer D, Brinksmeier E (2016) Aging of water miscible metal working fluids. HTM J Heat Treat Mater 71/3:131–137. https://doi.org/10.3139/105.110289
Madanchi N, Thiede S, Herrmann C (2017) Functional and environmental evaluation of alternative disinfection methods for cutting fluids. Procedia CIRP 61:558–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.11.175
Koch T (2008) Auswirkungen des mikrobiellen Befalls von wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffen auf das Zerspanergebnis, Part 2 + 3. HTM Z Werkst Waermebeh Fertigung 63:50–60. https://doi.org/10.3139/105.100443
Grub AM, Finzi MBA, Ribas RM, Machado ÁR (2014) Evaluation of the cutting forces and surface finishing in turning process using cutting fluids contaminated by microorganisms. In: Proceedings of LUBMAT 2014, 4th European conference and exhibition on lubrication, maintenance and tribotechnology, 25–27.06.14, Manchester, UK, 2014, on CD
Meyer D, Redetzky M, Brinksmeier E (2017) Microbial-based metalworking fluids in milling operations. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 66:129–132
Redetzky M, Seidel B, Meyer D, Rabenstein A, Brinksmeier E (2017) The working mechanisms of microbial-based metalworking fluids. HTM J Heat Treat Mater 72(5):293–299
Glasse B, Assenhaimer C, Guardani R, Fritsching U (2013) Analysis of the stability of metal working fluid emulsions by turbidity spectra. Chem Eng Technol 36(7):1202–1208. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201200590
Rave A, Joksch S (2012) Monitoring metalworking fluids. In: Astakhov VP, Joksch S (eds) Metalworking fluids (MWFs) for cutting and grinding. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Sawston, pp 317–337. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857095305.317
Redetzky M, Rabenstein A, Seidel B, Brinksmeier E, Wilhelm H (2015) The influence of cell counts, cell size, EPS and microbial inclusions on the lubrication properties of microorganisms. Prod Eng Res Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-014-0592-5
Omoike A, Chorover J (2004) Spectroscopic study of extracellular polymeric substances from Bacillus subtilis: aqueous chemistry and adsorption effects. Biomacromolecules 5:1219–1230
Palmowski B, Huesmann-Cordes A-G, Kuschel S, Meyer D, Weinhold MX, Brinksmeier E (2014) Identification of marker substances for the efficient online monitoring of metal working fluids. In: Proceedings of LUBMAT 25–27. June 2014 Manchester, UK
VKIS (2005) Bestimmung des Druckaufnahmevermögens mit der Reibverschleißwaage nach Reichert. VKIS Arbeitsblatt Nr. 6