Obesity as a Major Risk Factor for Cancer

Journal of Obesity - Tập 2013 - Trang 1-11 - 2013
Giovanni De Pergola1, Franco Silvestris1
1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy

Tóm tắt

The number of cancer cases caused by being obese is estimated to be 20% with the increased risk of malignancies being influenced by diet, weight change, and body fat distribution together with physical activity. Reports from the International Agency for Research into Cancer and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) have shown that the strongest evidence exists for an association of obesity with the following cancer types: endometrial, esophageal adenocarcinoma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, prostate, and renal, whereas the less common malignancies are leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, malignant melanoma, and thyroid tumours. To be able to develop novel methods in prevention and treatment, we first must understand the underlying processes which link cancer to obesity. Four main systems have been identified as potential producers of cancer in obesity: insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, sex steroids, and adipokines. Various novel candidate mechanisms have been proposed: chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, crosstalk between tumour cells and surrounding adipocytes, migrating adipose stromal cells, obesity-induced hypoxia, shared genetic susceptibility, and the functional defeat of immune function. Herein, we review the major pathogenic links between obesity and susceptibility to cancer.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1056/NEJMoa021423

2004, Nature Reviews Cancer, 4, 579, 10.1038/nrc1408

10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60269-X

2007

10.1634/theoncologist.2009-0285

10.1136/bmj.39367.495995.AE

2002, Weight control and physical activity, 6, 1

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-1220

10.1634/theoncologist.2010-0206

10.1056/NEJMra035010

10.1056/NEJMoa054391

10.1001/archinte.167.19.2091

1995, Cancer Causes and Control, 6, 217, 10.1007/BF00051793

10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70159-7

10.1002/ijc.20423

10.1093/aje/kwn096

10.1002/ijc.24803

10.1046/j.1467-789X.2003.00108.x

10.1001/archinternmed.2010.63.

10.1007/s10552-006-0113-8

2007, World Journal of Gastroenterology, 13, 4199, 10.3748/wjg.v13.i31.4199

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0708

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0265

10.1016/j.jacc.2013.06.027

10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.739714

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-1059

10.2188/jea.JE20110020

10.3945/ajcn.110.002683

10.1016/j.ejca.2009.01.031

2001, Cancer, 92, 720, 10.1002/1097-0142(20010815)92:4<720::AID-CNCR1375>3.0.CO;2-T

10.1001/archinte.165.11.1267

10.1016/j.ejca.2012.02.063

10.1016/j.mad.2005.03.016

2006, British Medical Journal, 333, 1109, 10.1136/bmj.39042.565035.BE1

10.3389/fphys.2012.00318

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3092

10.1016/j.nut.2012.05.001

10.1002/mnfr.200900512

10.1038/nrc2325

10.3322/caac.20140

10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01521.x

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2946

10.1093/jnci/djn415

10.1002/ijc.24609

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2686

10.1080/13813450902878054

10.1080/13813450801954451

10.1002/ijc.22578

10.1002/ijc.21861

10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70235-3

10.1080/13813450801969715

10.1002/pros.20852

10.1007/s10911-008-9101-9

10.1016/j.tem.2010.06.007

10.1016/j.tem.2006.08.006

10.1074/jbc.M111142200

2002, Cancer Research, 62, 1030

10.1002/ijc.23164

1998, Obesity Research, 6, 408, 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00372.x

10.1677/erc.1.01038

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-2257

2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 97, 755, 10.1093/jnci/dji132

10.1677/ERC-07-0064

10.1186/bcr628

1999, Molecular Endocrinology, 13, 787, 10.1210/mend.13.5.0274

2002, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 11, 1531

10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02560.x

10.1038/ncpcardio0380

10.1038/nrc3174

10.1074/jbc.M111.315200

10.1677/ERC-06-0068

10.1074/jbc.M301695200

2002, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 94, 1704, 10.1093/jnci/94.22.1704

10.1023/A:1021891825399

10.1186/1471-2407-10-442

10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00205-X

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2558

2003, Diabetologia, 46, 459, 10.1007/s00125-003-1074-z

10.1006/bbrc.2001.6307

10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.04.076

10.1073/pnas.0308671100

2000, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92, 1329, 10.1093/jnci/92.16.1329

10.1038/cr.2007.14

2003, Clinical Cancer Research, 9, 5699

10.1210/jc.2003-031804

10.1210/jc.2006-1975

10.1210/jc.2003-031716

2007, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 92, 255, 10.1210/jc.2006-1371

10.1093/jnci/dji376

10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01509-8

10.1155/2009/345320

10.1038/oby.2009.464

10.1128/JVI.76.22.11570-11583.2002

2000, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 67, 53, 10.1002/jlb.67.1.53

10.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.106

10.1002/ijc.25721

10.1677/ERC-10-0053

10.1038/nature07205

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0372

2010, Aging, 2, 361, 10.18632/aging.100155

10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.036

10.1159/000316896

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0556

10.1200/JCO.2004.03.132

10.1038/sj.ijo.0802987

10.1152/ajpendo.00435.2007

1999, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 471, 533, 10.1007/978-1-4615-4717-4_63

10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0269

10.3109/10715762.2013.772604

10.1038/ijo.2008.257

10.3945/ajcn.110.001669

10.1586/17474124.2.5.617

10.1002/eji.200939349

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Obesity

Tập 2013

1-11

Thông tin tác giả