Characterization of the Effluents from Leather Processing Industries
Tóm tắt
The present paper puts forth the complete characterization of effluents produced at various leather processing stages of three selected tannery industries, and of composite effluents at three selected monitoring points (P1, P2 and P3) located at Hazaribagh leather industrial zone in Bangladesh. The analysis results show that the effluents possess extremely high values of TSS, EC, TDS, TS, BOD5 and COD, and high concentrations of SO4
2−, Na, Cl−, Cr, As, Cd and Pb. The values were far above the standard permissible limits set by ISW–BDS-ECR (1997), ISI (2000) and NEQS (2000). The mean concentration of TSS, TDS, SO4
2−, Cl−, BOD5, COD, Na, Cr, As, Cd and Pb in the collected composite tannery effluents, at all monitoring points, were also above the standard disposal limits. The pollutant levels observed at the three monitoring points were in the order P1 > P2 > P3 indicating pollution level decreasing with distance. The study also revealed that the concentrations of various metal ions in the sludge were very high, and the concentrations of Cr and Na ions in particular were about 10,000 and 6000 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of chemicals in the sludge were in the order: Cr > Na > Ca > S > Mg > P > Cu > TN > Zn > Organic compound > Pb > As > Cd. So, it is concluded that the leather industrial effluent was highly polluted and not suitable for irrigation or any other uses.
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