citation_journal_title=Ann Intern Med; citation_title=Short-term effects of cannabinoids in patients with HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial; citation_author=DI Abrams, JF Hilton, RJ Leiser, SB Shade, TA Elbeik, FT Aweeka, NL Benowitz, BM Bredt, B Kosel, JA Aberg, SG Deeks, TF Mitchell, K Mulligan, P Bacchetti, JM McCune, M Schambelan; citation_volume=139; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=258-266; citation_id=CR1
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Opioids, receptors, and immunity; citation_author=MW Adler, EB Geller, TJ Rogers, EE Henderson, TK Eisenstein; citation_volume=335; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=13-20; citation_id=CR2
citation_journal_title=Infect Dis Clin North Am; citation_title=Opioids, immunology, and host defenses of intravenous drug abusers; citation_author=NC Alonzo, BM Bayer; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=553-569; citation_id=CR3
citation_journal_title=Am J Epidemiol; citation_title=New evidence on intravenous cocaine use and the risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1; citation_author=JC Anthony, D Vlahov, KE Nelson, S Cohn, J Astemborski, L Solomon; citation_volume=134; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=1175-1189; citation_id=CR4
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Tetrahydrocannabinol treatment suppresses growth restriction of Legionella pneumophila in murine macrophage cultures; citation_author=S Arata, TW Klein, C Newton, H Friedman; citation_volume=49; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=473-479; citation_id=CR5
citation_journal_title=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med; citation_title=Enhanced growth of Legionella pneumophila in tetrahydrocannabinol-treated macrophages; citation_author=S Arata, C Newton, T Klein, H Friedman; citation_volume=199; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=65-67; citation_id=CR6
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Stress-induced suppression of the immune system after withdrawal from chronic cocaine; citation_author=AH Avila, CA Morgan, BM Bayer; citation_volume=305; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=290-297; citation_id=CR7
citation_journal_title=Mol Pharmacol; citation_title=Systemic morphine administration suppresses genes involved in antigen presentation; citation_author=K Beagles, A Wellstein, B Bayer; citation_volume=65; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=437-442; citation_id=CR8
citation_journal_title=Cas Lek Cesk; citation_title=Opioids and their immunomodulatory properties; citation_author=V Blahoutova, A Zajicova, H Wilczek, V Holan; citation_volume=142; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=244-247; citation_id=CR9
citation_journal_title=Infect Immun; citation_title=Enhanced susceptibility of mice to combinations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and live or killed gram-negative bacteria; citation_author=SG Bradley, AE Munson, WL Dewey, LS Harris; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_pages=325-329; citation_id=CR10
citation_journal_title=J Clin Pharmacol; citation_title=Short-term effects of cannabinoids on immune phenotype and function in HIV-1-infected patients; citation_author=BM Bredt, D Higuera-Alhino, SB Shade, SJ Hebert, JM McCune, DI Abrams; citation_volume=42; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=82S-89S; citation_id=CR11
citation_journal_title=J Neurochem; citation_title=Methamphetamine rapidly decreases vesicular dopamine uptake; citation_author=JM Brown, GR Hanson, AE Fleckenstein; citation_volume=74; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=2221-2223; citation_id=CR12
citation_journal_title=CMAJ; citation_title=Sex-specific determinants of HIV infection among injection drug users in Montreal; citation_author=J Bruneau, F Lamothe, J Soto, N Lachance, J Vincelette, A Vassal, EL Franco; citation_volume=164; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_pages=767-773; citation_id=CR13
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits cell contact-dependent cytotoxicity of Bacillus Calmette–Guerin-activated macrophages; citation_author=D Burnette-Curley, F Marciano-Cabral, K Fischer-Stenger, GA Cabral; citation_volume=15; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=371-382; citation_doi=10.1016/0192-0561(93)90048-4; citation_id=CR14
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Lipids as bioeffectors in the immune system; citation_author=GA Cabral; citation_volume=77; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=1699-1710; citation_id=CR15
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmunol; citation_title=Drugs and immunity: cannabinoids and their role in decreased resistance to infectious disease; citation_author=GA Cabral, DA Dove Pettit; citation_volume=83; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=116-123; citation_id=CR16
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmunol; citation_title=Cannabinoid-mediated exacerbation of brain infection by opportunistic amebae; citation_author=GA Cabral, F Marciano-Cabral; citation_volume=147; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=127-130; citation_id=CR17
citation_journal_title=Hand Exp Pharmacol; citation_title=Effects on the immune system; citation_author=GA Cabral, A Staab; citation_volume=168; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=385-423; citation_id=CR18
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Effects of marijuana on macrophage function; citation_author=GA Cabral, R Vasquez; citation_volume=288; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=93-105; citation_id=CR19
citation_journal_title=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med; citation_title=delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol suppresses macrophage extrinsic antiherpesvirus activity; citation_author=GA Cabral, R Vasquez; citation_volume=199; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=255-263; citation_id=CR20
citation_journal_title=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med; citation_title=Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol decreases alpha/beta interferon response to herpes simplex virus type 2 in the B6C3F1 mouse; citation_author=GA Cabral, JC Lockmuller, EM Mishkin; citation_volume=181; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=305-311; citation_id=CR21
citation_journal_title=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med; citation_title=Effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on herpes simplex virus type 2 vaginal infection in the guinea pig; citation_author=GA Cabral, EM Mishkin, F Marciano-Cabral, P Coleman, L Harris, AE Munson; citation_volume=182; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=181-186; citation_id=CR22
citation_journal_title=Am J Respir Crit Care Med; citation_title=Drug smoking, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and immunosuppression increase risk of bacterial pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive injection drug users; citation_author=WT Caiaffa, D Vlahov, NM Graham, J Astemborski, L Solomon, KE Nelson, A Munoz; citation_volume=150; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=1493-1498; citation_id=CR23
citation_journal_title=Brain Behav Immun; citation_title=Chronic morphine treatment suppresses CTL-mediated cytolysis, granulation, and cAMP responses to alloantigen; citation_author=CW Carpenter, HH Carza, BM Cebhardt, DJ Carr; citation_volume=8; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=185-203; citation_id=CR24
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Immune alterations in morphine-treated rhesus monkeys; citation_author=DJ Carr, CP France; citation_volume=267; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=9-15; citation_id=CR25
citation_journal_title=Immunopharmacology; citation_title=Exogenous and endogenous opioids as biological response modifiers; citation_author=DJ Carr, M Serou; citation_volume=31; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=59-71; citation_id=CR26
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=The effects of interaction between morphine and interleukin-I on the immune response; citation_author=SL Chang, GD Wu, NA Patel, EL Vidal, M Fiala; citation_volume=437; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=67-72; citation_id=CR27
citation_journal_title=Neurosci Behav Physiol; citation_title=Participation of opiate delta-receptors in immunomodulation; citation_author=MA Cheido, GV Idova; citation_volume=24; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=479-482; citation_id=CR28
citation_journal_title=AIDS; citation_title=Heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 associated with the use of smokable freebase cocaine (crack); citation_author=MA Chaisson, RL Stoneburner, DS Hildebrandt, WE Ewing, EE Telzak, HW Jaffe; citation_volume=5; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=1121-1126; citation_id=CR29
citation_journal_title=Am J Epidemiol; citation_title=Cofactors of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a cohort of male sexual contacts of men with human immunodeficiency virus disease; citation_author=RA Coates, VT Farewell, J Raboud, SE Read, DK MacFadden, LM Calzavara, JK Johnson, FA Shepherd, MM Fanning; citation_volume=132; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=717-722; citation_id=CR30
citation_journal_title=Ann N Y Acad Sci; citation_title=The 94-day cannabis study; citation_author=S Cohen; citation_volume=282; citation_publication_date=1976; citation_pages=211-220; citation_id=CR31
citation_journal_title=Curr HIV/AIDS Rep; citation_title=The methamphetamine epidemic: implications for HIV prevention and treatment; citation_author=C Colfax, S Shoptaw; citation_volume=2; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=194-199; citation_id=CR32
citation_journal_title=Sex Transm Dis; citation_title=High prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in young women seeking HIV testing in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; citation_author=RL Cook, S May, LH Harrison, RI Moreira, RB Ness, S Batista, MS Bastos, M Schechter; citation_volume=31; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=67-72; citation_id=CR33
citation_journal_title=Sex Transm Infect; citation_title=Predictors of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis: a prospective study of low income African-American adolescent females; citation_author=R Crosby, RJ Diclemente, GM Wingood, K Harrington, SL Davies, EW Hook, MK Oh; citation_volume=78; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=360-364; citation_id=CR34
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Expression of cannabinoid receptor mRNA in murine and human leukocytes; citation_author=Y Daaka, TW Klein, H Friedman; citation_volume=373; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=91-96; citation_id=CR35
citation_journal_title=Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol; citation_title=Immunologic effects of cocaine and related alkaloids; citation_author=JC Delafuente, CL DeVane; citation_volume=13; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=11-23; citation_id=CR36
citation_journal_title=J Acquir Immune Syndr; citation_title=Association of immune activation with intravenous heroin use and methadone treatment in HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative subjects; citation_author=MJ Franco, R Marlink, DJ Hunter, T Tosteson, K Mayer, M Essex; citation_volume=6; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=1297-1300; citation_id=CR38
citation_journal_title=Ann Epidemiol; citation_title=The lack of association of marijuana and other recreational drugs with progression to AIDS in the San Francisco Men's Health Study; citation_author=MJ Franco, HW Sheppard, DJ Hunter, TD Tosteson, MS Ascher; citation_volume=6; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=283-289; citation_id=CR39
citation_journal_title=Adv Biochem Psychopharmacol; citation_title=Neuroimmunomodulation by opiates and other drugs of abuse: relationship to HIV infection and AIDS; citation_author=RM Donahoe, A Falek; citation_volume=44; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=145-158; citation_id=CR40
citation_journal_title=Clin Immunol Immunopathol; citation_title=Coordinate and independent effects of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol abuse on T-cell E-rosette formation and antigenic marker expression; citation_author=RM Donahoe, JK Nicholson, JJ Madden, F Donahoe, DA Shafer, D Gordon, P Bokos, A Falek; citation_volume=41; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=254-264; citation_id=CR41
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Drugs of abuse as possible co-factors in AIDS progression: summary of panel discussion; citation_author=H Friedman; citation_volume=402; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=225-228; citation_id=CR43
citation_journal_title=Clin Microbiol Rev; citation_title=Microbial infections, immunomodulation, and drugs of abuse; citation_author=H Friedman, C Newton, TW Klein; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=209-219; citation_id=CR44
citation_journal_title=Eur J Biochem; citation_title=Expression of central and peripheral cannabinoid receptors in human immune tissues and leukocyte subpopulations; citation_author=S Galiegue, S Mary, J Marchand, D Dussossoy, D Carriere, P Carayon, M Bouaboula, D Shire, G Fur, P Casellas; citation_volume=232; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=54-61; citation_id=CR45
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Immunologic characterization of TAT72-transgenic mice: effects of morphine on cell-mediated immunity; citation_author=HH Garza, O Prakash, DJ Carr; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=1061-1070; citation_id=CR46
citation_journal_title=Ann N Y Acad Sci; citation_title=Recreational drugs: relationship to AIDS; citation_author=JJ Goedert; citation_volume=437; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=192-199; citation_id=CR47
citation_journal_title=AIDS Educ Prev; citation_title=HIV risk behavior in drug users: increased blood “booting” during cocaine injection; citation_author=L Greenfield, GE Bigelow, RK Brooner; citation_volume=4; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=95-107; citation_id=CR48
citation_journal_title=Dermatologica; citation_title=Genital warts do not respond to systemic recombinant interferon alpha-2a treatment during cannabis consumption; citation_author=G Gross, A Roussaki, H Ikenberg, N Drees; citation_volume=183; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=203-207; citation_doi=10.1159/000247670; citation_id=CR49
citation_journal_title=Am J Public Health; citation_title=Outbreaks of hepatitis A among illicit drug users, Oklahoma, 1984–87; citation_author=J Harkess, B Gildon, GR Istre; citation_volume=79; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=463-466; citation_id=CR50
citation_journal_title=Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol; citation_title=Effect of cocaine on the immune response and host resistance in BALB/c mice; citation_author=HF Havas, M Dellaria, G Schiffman, EB Geller, MW Adler; citation_volume=83; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=377-383; citation_id=CR51
citation_journal_title=CA Cancer J Clin; citation_title=The current outbreak of Kaposi's sarcoma and opportunistic infections; citation_author=HW Haverkos, JW Curran; citation_volume=32; citation_publication_date=1982; citation_pages=330-339; citation_id=CR52
citation_journal_title=J Burn Care Rehabil; citation_title=Naloxone inhibits the in vivo immunosuppressive effects of morphine and thermal injury in mice; citation_author=M Hendrickson, J Shelby, JJ Sullivan, JR Saffle; citation_volume=10; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=494-498; citation_id=CR53
citation_journal_title=Hepatology; citation_title=Daily cannabis smoking as a risk factor for progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C; citation_author=C Hezode, F Roudot-Thoraval, S Nguyen, P Grenard, B Julien, ES Zafrani, JM Pawlotsky, D Dhumeaux, S Lotersztajn, A Mallat; citation_volume=42; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=63-71; citation_id=CR54
citation_journal_title=Pharmacol Rev; citation_title=Health aspects of cannabis; citation_author=LE Hollister; citation_volume=38; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=1-20; citation_id=CR55
citation_journal_title=Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol; citation_title=Increased incidence of infections in intravenous drug users; citation_author=CR Horsburgh, JR Anderson, EJ Boyko; citation_volume=10; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=211-215; citation_id=CR56
citation_journal_title=Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol; citation_title=Comparison of immune functional parameters following in vitro exposure to natural and synthetic amphetamines; citation_author=RV House, PT Thomas, HN Bhargava; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=1-21; citation_id=CR57
citation_journal_title=Toxicology; citation_title=Selective modulation of immune function resulting from in vitro exposure to methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy); citation_author=RV House, PT Thomas, HN Bhargava; citation_volume=96; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=59-69; citation_id=CR58
citation_journal_title=Peptides; citation_title=A comparative study of immunomodulation produced by in vitro exposure to delta opioid receptor agonist peptides; citation_author=RV House, PT Thomas, HN Bhargava; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=75-81; citation_id=CR59
citation_journal_title=Mol Pharmacol; citation_title=Involvement of Gi in the inhibition of adenylate cyclase by cannabimimetic drugs; citation_author=AC Howlett, JM Qualy, LL Khachatrian; citation_volume=29; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=307-313; citation_id=CR60
citation_journal_title=Anesthesiology; citation_title=Parturients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and regional anesthesia. Clinical and immunologic response; citation_author=SC Hughes, PA Dailey, D Landers, BJ Dattel, WR Crombleholme, JL Johnson; citation_volume=82; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=32-37; citation_id=CR61
citation_journal_title=Mol Pharmacol; citation_title=Multiple affinity binding sites of the sigma receptor: effect of GTP-binding protein-modifying agents; citation_author=Y Itzhak; citation_volume=36; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=512-517; citation_id=CR62
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Sigma binding sites in the brain; an emerging concept for multiple sites and their relevance for psychiatric disorders; citation_author=Y Itzhak, I Stein; citation_volume=47; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=1073-1081; citation_id=CR63
citation_journal_title=Am J Psychiatry; citation_title=Effects of methamphetamine dependence and HIV infection on cerebral morphology; citation_author=TL Jernigan, AC Gamst, SL Archibald, C Fennema-Notestine, MR Mindt, TD Marcotte, RK Heaton, RJ Ellis, I Grant; citation_volume=162; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=1461-1472; citation_id=CR65
citation_journal_title=Psychol Rep; citation_title=Depression and decision-making among intravenous drug users; citation_author=GW Joe, L Knezek, D Watson, DD Simpson; citation_volume=68; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=339-347; citation_id=CR66
citation_journal_title=J Neurosci; citation_title=Amphetamine depresses excitatory synaptic transmission via serotonin receptors in the ventral tegmental area; citation_author=S Jones, JA Kauer; citation_volume=19; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_pages=9780-9787; citation_id=CR67
citation_journal_title=Br Med J; citation_title=Cannabis and recurrent herpes simplex; citation_author=BE Juel-Jensen; citation_volume=4; citation_publication_date=1972; citation_pages=296; citation_id=CR68
citation_journal_title=J Allergy Clin Immunol; citation_title=Marijuana smoking and fungal sensitization; citation_author=SL Kagen, VP Kurup, PG Sohnle, JN Fink; citation_volume=71; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_pages=389-393; citation_id=CR69
citation_journal_title=AIDS; citation_title=HIV status and changes in risk behaviour among intravenous drug users in Stockholm 1987–1988; citation_author=KI Kall, RG Olin; citation_volume=4; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=153-157; citation_doi=10.1097/00002030-199002000-00009; citation_id=CR70
citation_journal_title=JAMA; citation_title=No evidence for a role of alcohol or other psychoactive drugs in accelerating immunodeficiency in HIV-1-positive individuals. A report from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study; citation_author=RA Kaslow, WC Blackwelder, DG Ostrow, D Yerg, J Palenicek, AH Coulson, RO Valdiserri; citation_volume=261; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=3424-3429; citation_id=CR71
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmune Pharmacol; citation_title=Cannabinoid-induced immune suppression and modulation of antigen presenting cells; citation_author=TW Klein, GA Cabral; citation_volume=1; citation_publication_date=2006; citation_pages=1-15; citation_id=CR72
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol injection induces cytokine-mediated mortality of mice infected with Legionella pneumophila
; citation_author=TW Klein, C Newton, R Widen, H Friedman; citation_volume=267; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=635-640; citation_id=CR74
citation_journal_title=J Immunol; citation_title=Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment suppresses immunity and early IFN-gamma, IL-12, and IL-12 receptor beta 2 responses to Legionella pneumophila infection; citation_author=TW Klein, CA Newton, N Nakachi, H Friedman; citation_volume=164; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=6461-6466; citation_id=CR75
citation_journal_title=Neuropeptides; citation_title=Immunomodulatory action of class mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists in mice; citation_author=J Kowalski; citation_volume=32; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=301-306; citation_id=CR76
citation_journal_title=Ciba Found Symp; citation_title=Molecular pharmacology of cocaine: A dopamine hypothesis and its implications; citation_author=MJ Kuhar; citation_volume=166; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=81-89; citation_id=CR78
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Alternations in splenocyte and thymocyte subpopulations in B6C3FI mice exposed to cocaine plus diazinon; citation_author=DF Kump, RA Matulka, GF Burton, SD Jordan, MP Holsapple; citation_volume=277; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=1477-1485; citation_id=CR79
citation_journal_title=J Infect Dis; citation_title=Methadone enhances human immunodeficiency virus infection of human immune cells; citation_author=Y Li, X Wang, 5 Tian, CJ Guo, SD Douglas, WZ Ho; citation_volume=185; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=118-122; citation_id=CR80
citation_journal_title=Toxicol in vitro; citation_title=Morphine-promoted survival of CEMx174 cells in early stages of SIV infection in vitro: involvement of the multiple molecular mechanisms; citation_author=PF Li, YS Hao, DA Huang, XH Liu, SL Liu, C Li; citation_volume=18; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=449-456; citation_id=CR81
citation_journal_title=Sex Transm Dis; citation_title=Associations between biologically confirmed marijuana use and laboratory-confirmed sexually transmitted diseases among African American adolescent females; citation_author=A Liau, RJ Diclemente, GM Wingood, RA Crosby, KM Williams, K Harrington, SL Davies, EW Hook, MK Oh; citation_volume=29; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=387-390; citation_id=CR82
citation_journal_title=Am J Obstet Gynecol; citation_title=Human immunodeficiency virus infection among inner-city adolescent parturients undergoing routine voluntary screening, July 1987 to March 1991; citation_author=MK Lindsay, N Johnson, HB Peterson, S Willis, H Williams, L Klein; citation_volume=167; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=1096-1099; citation_id=CR83
citation_journal_title=Int Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Cocaethylene and heart disease during murine AIDS; citation_author=Y Liu, 5 Montes, D Zhang, RT Sepulveda, Q Yu, J Zhang, DF Larson, RR Watson; citation_volume=2; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=139-150; citation_id=CR84
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Effect of cocaine and murine AIDS on lamina propria T and B cells in normal mice; citation_author=MC Lopez, RR Watson; citation_volume=54; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=L147-L151; citation_id=CR85
citation_journal_title=Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol; citation_title=Oral manifestations of tumor and opportunistic infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): findings in 53 homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma; citation_author=F Lozada, S Silverman, CA Migliorati, MA Conant, PA Volberding; citation_volume=56; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_pages=491-494; citation_id=CR86
citation_journal_title=Proc Natl Acad Sci USA; citation_title=Cannabinoids inhibit N-type calcium channels in neuroblastoma–glioma cells; citation_author=K Mackie, B Hille; citation_volume=89; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=3825-3829; citation_id=CR87
citation_journal_title=J Immunol; citation_title=Morphine regulates gene expression of alpha- and beta-chemokines and their receptors on astroglial cells via the opioid mu receptor; citation_author=SD Mahajan, SA Schwartz, TC Shanahan, RP Chawda, MP Nair; citation_volume=169; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=3589-3599; citation_id=CR88
citation_journal_title=Curr HIV Res; citation_title=Morphine exacerbates HIV-1 viral protein gpl20 induced modulation of chemokine gene expression in U373 astrocytoma cells; citation_author=SD Mahajan, R Aalinkeel, JL Reynolds, BB Nair, SF Fernandez, SA Schwartz, MP Nair; citation_volume=3; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=277-288; citation_id=CR89
citation_journal_title=Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci; citation_title=Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, leading to opportunistic infections. Kaposi's sarcoma, and other malignancies; citation_author=PW Mansell; citation_volume=20; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=191-204; citation_doi=10.3109/10408368409165774; citation_id=CR90
citation_journal_title=Microbiol Rev; citation_title=Biology of Naegleria spp; citation_author=F Marciano-Cabral; citation_volume=52; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=114-133; citation_id=CR91
Marciano-Cabral F, Ferguson T, Bradley SG, Cabral G (2001) Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive component of marijuana, exacerbates brain infection by Acanthamoeba. J Eukaryot Microbiol Suppl:4S–5S
citation_journal_title=Pain; citation_title=Chronic fentanyl or buprenorphine infusion in the mouse: similar analgesic profile but different effects on immune responses; citation_author=C Martucci, AE Panerai, P Sacerdote; citation_volume=110; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=385-392f; citation_id=CR93
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Evaluation of immune parameters and lymphocyte production of prolactin-immunoreactive proteins after chronic administration of cocaine to pregnant rats; citation_author=SA Masten, WJ Millard, JL Karlix, KT Shiverick; citation_volume=277; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=1090-1096; citation_id=CR94
citation_journal_title=Nature; citation_title=Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned CDNA; citation_author=LA Matsuda, SJ Lolait, MJ Brownstein, AC Young, TI Bonner; citation_volume=346; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=561-564; citation_id=CR95
citation_journal_title=Neurosci Biobehav Rev; citation_title=Sigma(1)(sigma(1)) receptor anagonists represennt a new strategy against cocaine addiction and toxicity; citation_author=T Maurice, R Martin-Fardin, P Romieu, RR Matsumoto; citation_volume=26; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=499-527; citation_id=CR179
citation_journal_title=Anaesthesia; citation_title=Immunomodulation: an important concept in modern anaesthesia; citation_author=WT McBride, MA Armstrong, SJ McBride; citation_volume=51; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=465-473; citation_id=CR96
citation_journal_title=Drug Alcohol Depend; citation_title=Opioids, opioid receptors, and the immune response; citation_author=L McCarthy, M Wetzel, JK Sliker, TK Eisenstein, TJ Rogers; citation_volume=62; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_pages=111-123f; citation_id=CR97
citation_journal_title=Addiction; citation_title=The effects of methadone on immune function among injecting drug users: a review; citation_author=C McLachlan, N Crofts, A Wodak, S Crowe; citation_volume=88; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=257-263; citation_id=CR98
citation_journal_title=Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz; citation_title=The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus among injection drug users who use high risk inner-city locales in Miami, Florida; citation_author=CB McCoy, LR Metsch, F Collado-Mesa, KL Arheart, SE Messiah, D Katz, P Shapshak; citation_volume=99; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=789-793; citation_id=CR99
citation_journal_title=Drug Alcohol Depend; citation_title=HIV infection and cocaine use in methadone maintained and untreated intravenous drug users; citation_author=B Meandzija, PG O'Connor, B Fitzgerald, BJ Rounsaville, TR Kosten; citation_volume=36; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=109-113; citation_id=CR100
citation_journal_title=BMC Med; citation_title=Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhibits lytic replication of gamma oncogenic herpesviruses in vitro
; citation_author=MM Medveczky, TA Sherwood, TW Klein, H Friedman, PG Medveczky; citation_volume=2; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=34; citation_id=CR101
citation_journal_title=Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol; citation_title=Antenatal marijuana use is unrelated to sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy; citation_author=JM Miller, C Goodridge; citation_volume=8; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=155-157; citation_id=CR102
citation_journal_title=J Gen Virol; citation_title=Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol decreases host resistance to herpes simplex virus type 2 vaginal infection in the B6C3F1 mouse; citation_author=EM Mishkin, GA Cabral; citation_volume=66; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=2539-2549; citation_doi=10.1099/0022-1317-66-12-2539; citation_id=CR103
citation_journal_title=Immunopharmacology; citation_title=Opioids suppress chemokine-mediated migration of monkey neutrophils and monocytes—an instant response; citation_author=T Miyagi, LF Chuang, KM Lam, H Kung, JM Wang, BI Osburn, RY Chuang; citation_volume=47; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=53-62; citation_id=CR104
citation_journal_title=Naunyn-Schmieddeberg's Arch Pharmacol; citation_title=Modulation by sigma ligands of N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced [3H]noradrenaline release in the rat hippocampus: G-protein dependency; citation_author=FP Monnet, P Blier, G Debonnel, C Montigny; citation_volume=346; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=32-39; citation_id=CR105
citation_journal_title=Infect Immun; citation_title=Effects of cannabinoids on host resistance to Listeria monocytogenes and herpes simplex virus; citation_author=PS Morahan, PC Klykken, SH Smith, LS Harris, AE Munson; citation_volume=23; citation_publication_date=1979; citation_pages=670-674; citation_id=CR106
citation_journal_title=J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; citation_title=Predicting HIV transmission risk among HIV-infected men who have sex with men: findings from the healthy living project; citation_author=SF Morin, WT Steward, ED Charlebois, RH Remien, SD Pinkerton, MO Johnson, MJ Rotheram-Borus, M Lightfoot, RB Goldstein, L Kittel, F Samimy-Muzaffar, L Weinhardt, JA Kelly, MA Chesney; citation_volume=40; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=226-235; citation_id=CR107
citation_journal_title=Nature; citation_title=Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids; citation_author=S Munro, KL Thomas, M Abu-Shaar; citation_volume=365; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=61-65; citation_id=CR108
citation_journal_title=AIDS Educ Prev; citation_title=Behavioral risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus infection among intravenous drug users and implications for preventive interventions; citation_author=T Nemoto, LS Brown, K Foster, A Chu; citation_volume=2; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=116-126; citation_id=CR109
citation_journal_title=Prev Med; citation_title=Risk factor analysis among men referred for possible acquired immune deficiency syndrome; citation_author=GR Newell, PW Mansell, MB Wilson, HK Lynch, MR Spitz, EM Hersh; citation_volume=14; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=81-91; citation_id=CR110
citation_journal_title=Infect Immun; citation_title=Secondary immunity to Legionella pneumophila and Th1 activity are suppressed by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol injection; citation_author=CA Newton, TW Klein, H Friedman; citation_volume=62; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=4015-4020; citation_id=CR111
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Cannabinoid receptor agonists enhance syncytia formation in MT-2 cells infected with cell free HIV-1MN; citation_author=SN Noe, SB Nyland, K Ugen, H Friedman, TW Klein; citation_volume=437; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=223-229; citation_id=CR112
citation_journal_title=Rev Med Chile; citation_title=Opioids and the immune system; citation_author=C Nunez, J Urzua; citation_volume=127; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_pages=341-348; citation_id=CR113
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Opiate effects on in vitro human retroviral infection; citation_author=SB Nyland, S Specter, J Im-Sin, KE Ugen; citation_volume=437; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=91-100; citation_id=CR114
citation_journal_title=Int Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Immunosuppression and oxidative stress induced by acute and chronic exposure to cocaine in rat; citation_author=R Pacifici, Al Fiaschi, L Micheli, F Centini, C Giorgi, P Zuccaro, S Pichini, CS Di, A Bacosi, D Cerretani; citation_volume=3; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=581-592; citation_id=CR115
citation_journal_title=Anesth Analg; citation_title=Does prolonged oral treatment with sustained-release morphine tablets influence immune function?; citation_author=S Palm, 5 Lehzen, C Mignat, J Steinmann, C Leimenstoll, C Maier; citation_volume=86; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=166-172; citation_id=CR117
citation_journal_title=Adv Exp Med Biol; citation_title=Syphilis and drugs of abuse; citation_author=LJ Paradise, H Friedman; citation_volume=335; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=81-87; citation_id=CR118
citation_journal_title=J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl; citation_title=Simple microbore high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of dopamine and cocaine from a single in vivo brain microdialysis sample; citation_author=LH Parsons, TM Ker, F Weiss; citation_volume=709; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=35-45; citation_id=CR119
citation_journal_title=J Addict Dis; citation_title=HIV-associated medical, behavioral, and psychiatric characteristics of treatment-seeking, methamphetamine-dependent men who have sex with men; citation_author=JA Peck, S Shoptaw, E Rotheram-Fuller, CJ Reback, B Bierman; citation_volume=24; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=115-132; citation_id=CR120
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmunol; citation_title=in vivo effects of cocaine on immune cell function; citation_author=T Pellegrino, BM Bayer; citation_volume=83; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=139-147; citation_id=CR121
citation_journal_title=West Indian Med J; citation_title=Drug use and syphilis. Co-factors for HIV transmission among commercial sex workers in Guyana; citation_author=NE Persaud, W Klaskala, T Tewari, J Shultz, M Baum; citation_volume=48; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_pages=52-56; citation_id=CR122
citation_title=Cannabinoids; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_id=CR123; citation_author=R Pertwee; citation_publisher=Spinger-Verlag
citation_journal_title=J Clin Invest; citation_title=Opioid-mediated suppression of interferon-gamma production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells; citation_author=PK Peterson, B Sharp, G Gekker, C Brummitt, WF Keane; citation_volume=80; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=824-831; citation_id=CR124
citation_journal_title=Adv Neuroimmunol; citation_title=Morphine stimulates phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human microglial cells: involvement of a C protein-coupled opiate receptor; citation_author=PK Peterson, C Gekker, S Hu, WS Sheng, TW Molitor, CC Chao; citation_volume=5; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=299-309; citation_id=CR125
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmunol; citation_title=Cannabinoids and morphine differentially affect HIV-1 expression in CD4(+) lymphocyte and microglial cell cultures; citation_author=PK Peterson, G Gekker, S Hu, G Cabral, JR Lokensgard; citation_volume=147; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=123-126; citation_id=CR126
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Morphine suppresses primary humoral immune responses by a predominantly indirect mechanism; citation_author=SB Pruett, YC Han, BA Fuchs; citation_volume=262; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=923-928; citation_id=CR127
citation_journal_title=J Psychopharmacol; citation_title=Methamphetamine and HIV-1: potential interactions and the use of the FIV/cat model; citation_author=TR Phillips, JN Billaud, SJ Henriksen; citation_volume=14; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=244-250; citation_doi=10.1177/026988110001400309; citation_id=CR128
citation_journal_title=Science; citation_title=Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine; citation_author=MC Ritz, RJ Lamb, SR Goldberg, MJ Kuhar; citation_volume=237; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_pages=1219-1223; citation_id=CR129
citation_journal_title=Int J Toxicol; citation_title=Effect of ketamine on cocaine-induced immunotoxicity in rats; citation_author=HZ Rofael, RM Turkall, MS bdel-Rahman; citation_volume=22; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=343-358; citation_id=CR130
citation_journal_title=Neuropsychopharmacology; citation_title=Involvement of the sigma1 receptor in cocaine-induced conditioned place preference: possible dependence on dopamine uptake blockade; citation_author=P Romieu, VL Phan, R Martin-Fardon, T Maurice; citation_volume=26; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=444-455; citation_id=CR131
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Tetrahydrocannabinol suppresses immune function and enhances HIV replication in the huPBL-SCID mouse; citation_author=MD Roth, DP Tashkin, KM Whittaker, R Choi, GC Baldwin; citation_volume=77; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=1711-1722; citation_id=CR132
citation_journal_title=Therapie; citation_title=Opiates and immune function. Consequences on infectious diseases with special reference to AIDS; citation_author=B Rouveix; citation_volume=47; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=503-512; citation_id=CR133
citation_journal_title=Neurochem Res; citation_title=Effects of opioids on the immune system; citation_author=S Roy, HH Loh; citation_volume=21; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=1375-1386; citation_id=CR134
citation_journal_title=J Neuroimmunol; citation_title=Role of hypothalamic–pituitary axis in morphine-induced alteration in thymic cell distribution using mu-opioid receptor knockout mice; citation_author=S Roy, JH Wang, S Balasubramanian, null Sumandeep, R Charboneau, R Barke, HH Loh; citation_volume=116; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_pages=147-155; citation_id=CR135
citation_journal_title=Anesth Analg; citation_title=The effects of tramadol and morphine on immune responses and pain after surgery in cancer patients; citation_author=P Sacerdote, M Bianchi, L Gaspani, B Manfredi, A Maucione, C Terno, M Ammatuna, AE Panerai; citation_volume=90; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=1411-1414; citation_id=CR136
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Immunomodulating activities of cocaine—evaluation of lymphocyte transformation related to other immune functions; citation_author=ML Shen, YD Luo, K Hagen, YB Wu, D Ou; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=311-319; citation_id=CR137
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Inhibition of cytokine release by cocaine; citation_author=HM Shen, JL Kennedy, DW Ou; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=295-300; citation_id=CR138
citation_journal_title=Am J Public Health; citation_title=Marijuana use and mortality; citation_author=S Sidney, JE Beck, IS Tekawa, CP Quesenberry, GD Friedman; citation_volume=87; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=585-590; citation_id=CR139
citation_journal_title=J Subst Abuse Treat; citation_title=AIDS: relationship to alcohol and other drugs; citation_author=L Siegel; citation_volume=3; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_pages=271-274; citation_id=CR140
citation_journal_title=J Neurosci; citation_title=Effects of chronic treatment with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on cannabinoid-stimulated [35]GTPγS autoradiography in rat brain; citation_author=LJ Sim, RE Hampson, SA Deadwyler, SR Childers; citation_volume=16; citation_publication_date=1996; citation_pages=8057-8066; citation_id=CR141
citation_journal_title=AIDS Behav; citation_title=Risk factors for HIV–AIDS among youth in Cape Town, South Africa; citation_author=LC Simbayi, SC Kalichman, S Jooste, C Cherry, S Mfecane, D Cain; citation_volume=9; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=53-61; citation_id=CR142
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol augments murine retroviral induced immunosuppression and infection; citation_author=S Specter, G Lancz, G Westrich, H Friedman; citation_volume=13; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=411-417; citation_id=CR143
citation_journal_title=AIDS Care; citation_title=Surviving the sex trade: a comparison of HIV risk behaviours among street-involved women in two Canadian cities who inject drugs; citation_author=PM Spittal, J Bruneau, KJ Craib, C Miller, F Lamothe, AE Weber, K Li, MW Tyndall, MV O'Shaughnessy, MT Schechter; citation_volume=15; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=187-195; citation_id=CR144
citation_journal_title=Immunopharmacology; citation_title=Disruption of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance by cocaine is mediated by corticosterone; citation_author=ED Stanulis, SD Jordan, JA Rosecrans, MP Holsapple; citation_volume=37; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=25-33; citation_id=CR145
citation_journal_title=J Pharmacol Exp Ther; citation_title=Immune status and survival of opiate- and cocaine-treated mice infected with Friend virus; citation_author=M Starec, B Rouveix, M Sinet, F Chau, B Desforges, JJ Pocidalo, P Lechat; citation_volume=259; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=745-750; citation_id=CR146
citation_journal_title=Ann Pharmacother; citation_title=Effect of dronabinol on nutritional status in HIV infection; citation_author=M Struwe, SH Kaempfer, CJ Geiger, AT Pavia, TF Plasse, KV Shepard, K Ries, TG Evans; citation_volume=27; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=827-831; citation_id=CR148
citation_journal_title=Alcohol Health Res World; citation_title=Alcohol's contribution to compromised immunity; citation_author=G Szabo; citation_volume=21; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=30-41; citation_id=CR149
citation_journal_title=Eur J Biochem; citation_title=Sigma receptors. Putative links between nervous, endocrine and immune systems; citation_author=TP Su; citation_volume=200; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=633-642; citation_id=CR150
citation_journal_title=J Infect Dis; citation_title=Morphine promotes simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus replication in monkey peripheral mononuclear cells: induction of CC chemokine receptor 5 expression for virus entry; citation_author=S Suzuki, AJ Chuang, LF Chuang, RH Doi, RY Chuang; citation_volume=185; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=1826-1829; citation_id=CR151
citation_journal_title=J Clin Pharmacol; citation_title=Respiratory and immunologic consequences of marijuana smoking; citation_author=DP Tashkin, GC Baldwin, T Sarafian, S Dubinett, MD Roth; citation_volume=42; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=71S-81S; citation_id=CR152
citation_journal_title=Aust N Z J Med; citation_title=The Sydney AIDS Project: development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a group of HIV seropositive homosexual men; citation_author=B Tindall, DA Cooper, B Donovan, T Barnes, CR Philpot, J Gold, R Penny; citation_volume=18; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=8-15; citation_id=CR153
citation_journal_title=Brain Behav Immun; citation_title=Stress-induced modulation of NK activity during influenza viral infection: role of glucocorticoids and opioids; citation_author=RJ Tseng, DA Padgett, FS Dhabhar, H Engler, JF Sheridan; citation_volume=19; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=153-164; citation_id=CR154
citation_journal_title=Clin Infect Dis; citation_title=Crystal methamphetamine, its analogues, and HIV infection: medical and psychiatric aspects of a new epidemic; citation_author=A Urbina, K Jones; citation_volume=38; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=890-894; citation_id=CR155
citation_journal_title=Am J Ther; citation_title=Opioid therapy and immunosuppression: a review; citation_author=R Vallejo, O Leon-Casasola, R Benyamin; citation_volume=11; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=354-365; citation_id=CR156
citation_journal_title=Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse; citation_title=Trends in HIV-1 risk reduction among initiates into intravenous drug use 1982–1987; citation_author=D Vlahov, JC Anthony, D Celentano, L Solomon, N Chowdhury; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1991; citation_pages=39-48; citation_id=CR157
citation_journal_title=J Med Assoc Thai; citation_title=High HIV-I prevalence among metamphetamine users in central Thailand, 1999–2000; citation_author=S Vongsheree, P Sri-Ngam, N Ruchusatsawat, H Thaisri, W Puangtabtim, T Phutiprawan, P Sawanpanyalert; citation_volume=84; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_pages=1263-1267; citation_id=CR158
citation_journal_title=Addiction; citation_title=HIV and HCV infection among drug users in Japan; citation_author=K Wada, SB Greberman, K Konuma, S Hirai; citation_volume=94; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_pages=1063-1069; citation_id=CR159
citation_journal_title=Chest; citation_title=Risk factors and outcomes associated with identification of Aspergillus in respiratory specimens from persons with HIV disease. Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Study Group; citation_author=JM Wallace, R Lim, BL Browdy, PC Hopewell, J Glassroth, MJ Rosen, LB Reichman, PA Kvale; citation_volume=114; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=131-137; citation_id=CR160
citation_journal_title=J Leukoc Biol; citation_title=Morphine inhibits CD8+ T cell-mediated, noncytolytic, anti-HIV activity in latently infected immune cells; citation_author=X Wang, N Tan, SD Douglas, T Zhang, YJ Wang, WZ Ho; citation_volume=78; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_pages=772-776; citation_id=CR161
citation_journal_title=Parasitology; citation_title=Resistance to intestinal parasites during murine AIDS: role of alcohol and nutrition in immune dysfunction; citation_author=RR Watson; citation_volume=107; citation_issue=Suppl; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_pages=569-574; citation_id=CR162
citation_journal_title=Toxicol Appl Pharmacol; citation_title=Effects of the administration of coca alkaloids on the primary immune responses of mice: interaction with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol; citation_author=ES Watson, JC Murphy, HN ElSohly, MA ElSohly, CE Turner; citation_volume=71; citation_publication_date=1983; citation_pages=1-13; citation_id=CR163
citation_journal_title=Anaesthesist; citation_title=Opioids and immunosuppression. Clinical relevance?; citation_author=I Welters; citation_volume=52; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=442-452; citation_id=CR164
citation_journal_title=J Immunol; citation_title=Mu-opioid induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, RANTES, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-l0 expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells; citation_author=MA Wetzel, AD Steele, TK Eisenstein, MW Adler, EE Henderson, TJ Rogers; citation_volume=165; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_pages=6519-6524; citation_id=CR165
citation_journal_title=Alcohol Clin Exp Res; citation_title=The impact of ethanol and Marinol/marijuana usage on HIV+/AIDS patients undergoing azidothymidine, azidothymidine/dideoxycytidine, or dideoxyinosine therapy; citation_author=RM Whitfield, LM Bechtel, GH Starich; citation_volume=21; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=122-127; citation_id=CR166
citation_journal_title=J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; citation_title=HIV risk behaviors among African American men in Los Angeles County who self-identify as heterosexual; citation_author=AR Wohl, DF Johnson, S Lu, W Jordan, G Beall, J Currier, PA Simon; citation_volume=31; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=354-360; citation_id=CR169
citation_journal_title=Endocrinology; citation_title=Sigma-receptors in endocrine organs: identification, characterization and autoradiographic localization in rat pituitary, adrenal, testis, and ovary; citation_author=SA Wolfe, SG Culpe, EB Souza; citation_volume=124; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=1160-1172; citation_doi=10.1210/endo-124-3-1160; citation_id=CR170
citation_journal_title=Sex Transm Dis; citation_title=Crack use and human immunodeficiency virus infection among San Francisco intravenous drug users; citation_author=H Wolfe, KM Vraizan, RG Gorter, AS Keffelew, AR Moss; citation_volume=19; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=111-114; citation_doi=10.1097/00007435-199219020-00009; citation_id=CR171
citation_journal_title=Ciba Found Symp; citation_title=Determinants of cocaine self-administration by laboratory animals; citation_author=WL Woolverton; citation_volume=166; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_pages=149-161; citation_id=CR172
citation_journal_title=Int J Immunopharmacol; citation_title=The interactive effects of cocaine/gender on immune function in mice. An observation of in vivo acute cocaine exposure; citation_author=W Xu, F Bai, CM Tummalapalli, DD Miller, L Middaugh, WO Boggan; citation_volume=19; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=333-340; citation_id=CR173
citation_journal_title=Anesthesiology; citation_title=Morphine inhibits spontaneous and cytokine-enhanced natural killer cell cytotoxicity in volunteers; citation_author=MP Yeager, TA Colacchio, CT Yu, L Hildebrandt, AL Howell, J Weiss, PM Guyre; citation_volume=83; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=500-508; citation_id=CR174
citation_journal_title=Life Sci; citation_title=Effects of chronic methamphetamine exposure on heart function in uninfected and retrovirus-infected mice; citation_author=Q Yu, S Montes, DF Larson, RR Watson; citation_volume=71; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=953-965; citation_id=CR175
citation_journal_title=Int Immunopharmacol; citation_title=Chronic methamphetamine exposure alters immune function in normal and retrovirus-infected mice; citation_author=Q Yu, D Zhang, M Walston, J Zhang, Y Liu, RR Watson; citation_volume=2; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=951-962; citation_id=CR176
citation_journal_title=Front Biosci; citation_title=Pulmonary host defenses and alcohol; citation_author=P Zhang, GJ Bagby, KI Happel, WR Sumner, S Nelson; citation_volume=7; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=d1314-d1330; citation_id=CR177
citation_journal_title=J Immunol; citation_title=IL-1 mediates sigma 1 receptor-dependent suppression of antitumor immunity; citation_author=LX Zhu, 5 Sharma, B Gardner, B Escuadro, K Atianzar, DP Tashkin, SM Dubinett; citation_volume=170; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_pages=3585-3591; citation_id=CR178