The Role of Endovascular Stents in Dialysis Access Maintenance

Dhingra, 2001, Type of vascular access and mortality in U.S. hemodialysis patients, Kidney Int, 60, 1443, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00947.x The United States Renal Data System. 2008. www.usrds.org. Accessed January 2015. 2006, Clinical practice guidelines for vascular access, Am J Kidney Dis, 48, S248 Sottiurai, 1997, Comparative results of early and delayed cannulation of arteriovenous graft in haemodialysis, Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 13, 139, 10.1016/S1078-5884(97)80009-3 Schild, 2011, Early cannulation prosthetic graft (Flixene) for arteriovenous access, J Vasc Access, 12, 248, 10.5301/JVA.2011.6351 Skartsis, 2011, Origin of neointimal cells in arteriovenous fistulae: bone marrow, artery, or the vein itself?, Semin Dial, 24, 242, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2011.00870.x FDA. Premarket Approval (PMA)-Flair Endovascular Stent Graft. 2007. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/Cfdocs/cfPMA/pma.cfm?id=13308. Accessed March 12, 2015. FDA. Device Approvals and Clearances - GORE® VIABAHN® Endoprosthesis, GORE® VIABAHN® Endoprosthesis with Heparin BioActive Surface - P130006. 2013. http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/DeviceApprovalsandClearances/Recently-ApprovedDevices/ucm379798.htm. Accessed March 12, 2015. Vesely, 2007, A position statement from the American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology, Semin Dial, 20, 359, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2007.00318.x Beathard, 2004, Effectiveness and safety of dialysis vascular access procedures performed by interventional nephrologists, Kidney Int, 66, 1622, 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00928.x Lilly, 2001, Predictors of arteriovenous graft patency after radiologic intervention in hemodialysis patients, Am J kidney Dis, 37, 945, 10.1016/S0272-6386(05)80010-1 Sharma, 2002, Migration of intra-vascular metallic stent into pulmonary artery, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 17, 511, 10.1093/ndt/17.3.511 Toyoda, 2014, Intracardiac migration of vena caval stent: decision-making and treatment considerations, J Card Surg, 29, 320, 10.1111/jocs.12271 Owens, 2009, Intracardiac migration of inferior vena cava filters: review of published data, Chest, 136, 877, 10.1378/chest.09-0153 Bagul, 2008, Migration of superior vena cava stent, J Cardiothorac Surg, 3, 12, 10.1186/1749-8090-3-12 Kapoor, 2010, Brachiocephalic vein stent fracture: case series and literature review, Semin Dial, 23, 110, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2009.00691.x Asif, 2010, Stent graft infection and protrusion through the skin: clinical considerations and potential medico-legal ramifications, Semin Dial, 23, 540, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2010.00758.x Kim, 2012, Analysis of infection risk following covered stent exclusion of pseudoaneurysms in prosthetic arteriovenous hemodialysis access grafts, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 23, 69, 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.09.003 Salman, 2010, Stent graft for nephrologists: concerns and consensus, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 5, 1347, 10.2215/CJN.02380310 Shawyer, 2013, Cephalic arch stenosis in autogenous haemodialysis fistulas: treatment with the Viabahn stent-graft, Cardiovasc Interv Radiol, 36, 133, 10.1007/s00270-012-0433-x Shemesh, 2008, Angioplasty with stent graft versus bare stent for recurrent cephalic arch stenosis in autogenous arteriovenous access for hemodialysis: a prospective randomized clinical trial, J Vasc Surg, 48, 1524, 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.07.071 Dukkipati, 2015, Outcomes of cephalic arch stenosis with and without stent placement after percutaneous balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis patients, Semin Dial, 28, E7, 10.1111/sdi.12310 Kian, 2008, Role of surgical intervention for cephalic arch stenosis in the “fistula first” era, Semin Dial, 21, 93, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2007.00388.x Maya, 2004, Vascular access stenosis: comparison of arteriovenous grafts and fistulas, Am J Kidney Dis, 44, 859, 10.1016/S0272-6386(04)01085-6 Naoum, 2006, The use of covered nitinol stents to salvage dialysis grafts after multiple failures, Vasc Endovascular Surg, 40, 275, 10.1177/1538574406291803 Webb, 2010, Outcome of the use of stent grafts to salvage failed arteriovenous accesses, Ann Vasc Surg, 24, 34, 10.1016/j.avsg.2009.07.007 Vesely, 2008, Classification of complications associated with hemodialysis vascular access procedures. A position statement from the American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology, J Vasc Access, 9, 12, 10.1177/112972980800900103 Haskal, 2010, Stent graft versus balloon angioplasty for failing dialysis-access grafts, N Engl J Med, 362, 494, 10.1056/NEJMoa0902045 Haskal, 2013, Twelve month results of the RENOVA trial: a prospective multicenter randomized, concurrently-controlled comparison of the Flair® endovascular stent graft vs. balloon angioplasty in dialysis access grafts, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 24, S5, 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.01.016 FDA. Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data (SSED). 2013. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf13/P130006b.pdf. Accessed March 12, 2015. Salman, 2009, Secondary autogenous arteriovenous fistulas in the “fistula first” era: results of a longterm prospective study, J Am Coll Surg, 209, 100, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.02.050 Maya, 2006, Outcomes of thrombosed arteriovenous grafts: comparison of stents vs angioplasty, Kidney Int, 69, 934, 10.1038/sj.ki.5000214 Vesely, 2005, Use of stent grafts to repair hemodialysis graft-related pseudoaneurysms, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 16, 1301, 10.1097/01.RVI.0000175903.38810.13 Najibi, 2002, Covered stent exclusion of dialysis access pseudoaneurysms, J Surg Res, 106, 15, 10.1006/jsre.2002.6389 Glanz, 1988, Axillary and subclavian vein stenosis: percutaneous angioplasty, Radiology, 168, 371, 10.1148/radiology.168.2.2969117 Beathard, 1992, Percutaneous transvenous angioplasty in the treatment of vascular access stenosis, Kidney Int, 42, 1390, 10.1038/ki.1992.431 Davidson, 1991, Mechanisms of angioplasty in hemodialysis fistula stenoses evaluated by intravascular ultrasound, Kidney Int, 40, 91, 10.1038/ki.1991.185 Kovalik, 1994, Correction of central venous stenoses: use of angioplasty and vascular Wallstents, Kidney Int, 45, 1177, 10.1038/ki.1994.156 Quinn, 1995, Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty versus endovascular stent placement in the treatment of venous stenoses in patients undergoing hemodialysis: intermediate results, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 6, 851, 10.1016/S1051-0443(95)71200-3 Surowiec, 2004, Endovascular management of central venous stenoses in the hemodialysis patient: results of percutaneous therapy, Vasc Endovascular Surg, 38, 349, 10.1177/153857440403800407 Bakken, 2007, Long-term outcomes of primary angioplasty and primary stenting of central venous stenosis in hemodialysis patients, J Vasc Surg, 45, 776, 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.12.046 Buriankova, 2003, Endovascular treatment of central venous stenoses in patients with dialysis shunts, Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky, Olomouc, Czech, 147, 203, 10.5507/bp.2003.030 Farber, 1999, Access-related venous stenoses and occlusions: treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and Dacron-covered stents, Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 22, 214, 10.1007/s002709900369 Gray, 1995, Use of wallstents for hemodialysis access-related venous stenoses and occlusions untreatable with balloon angioplasty, Radiology, 195, 479, 10.1148/radiology.195.2.7724770 Haage, 1999, Treatment of hemodialysis-related central venous stenosis or occlusion: results of primary wallstent placement and follow-up in 50 patients, Radiology, 212, 175, 10.1148/radiology.212.1.r99jl21175 Maya, 2007, Treatment of refractory central vein stenosis in hemodialysis patients with stents, Semin Dial, 20, 78, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2007.00246.x Vogel, 2004, SMART stent for salvage of hemodialysis access grafts, J Vasc Interv Radiol, 15, 1051, 10.1097/01.RVI.0000129915.48500.DC Yevzlin, 2008, Hemodialysis catheter-associated central venous stenosis, Semin Dial, 21, 522, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2008.00496.x Asif, 2013, Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients undergoing cardiac rhythm device removal, Semin Dial, 26, 111, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2012.01101.x Bloom, 2006, Renal insufficiency and the risk of infection from pacemaker or defibrillator surgery, Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 29, 142, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2006.00307.x Da Costa, 2002, Incidence and risk factors of upper extremity deep vein lesions after permanent transvenous pacemaker implant: a 6-month follow-up prospective study, Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 25, 1301, 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.01301.x Asif, 2009, Patency rates for angioplasty in the treatment of pacemaker-induced central venous stenosis in hemodialysis patients: results of a multi-center study, Semin Dial, 22, 671, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2009.00636.x Saad, 2010, Central vein stenosis or occlusion associated with cardiac rhythm management device leads in hemodialysis patients with ipsilateral arteriovenous access: a retrospective study of treatment using stents or stent-grafts, J Vasc Access, 11, 293, 10.5301/JVA.2010.1064 Wilkoff, 2009, Transvenous lead extraction: Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus on facilities, training, indications, andpatient management: this document was endorsed by the American Heart Association (AHA), Heart Rhythm, 6, 1085, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.05.020 Asif, 2011, The dilemma of transvenous cardiac rhythm devices in hemodialysis patients: time to consider the epicardial approach?, Kidney Int, 79, 1267, 10.1038/ki.2011.53 Asif, 2012, Epicardial cardiac rhythm devices for dialysis patients: minimizing the risk of infection and preserving central veins, Semin Dial, 25, 88, 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2010.00757.x