Using an efficient biofilm detaching agent: an essential step for the improvement of endoscope reprocessing protocols

Alvarado, 2000, APIC guideline for infection prevention and control in flexible endoscopy, Am J Infect Control, 28, 138, 10.1016/S0196-6553(00)90023-3 Vickery, 2004, Removal of biofilm from endoscopes: evaluation of detergent efficiency, Am J Infect Control, 32, 170, 10.1016/j.ajic.2003.10.009 Nelson, 2005, Recent advances in epidemiology and prevention of gastrointestinal endoscopy related infections, Curr Opin Infect Dis, 18, 326, 10.1097/01.qco.0000171925.47452.8f Mac Kay, 2002, Water, water everywhere nor any a sterile drop to rinse your endoscope, J Hosp Infect, 51, 256, 10.1053/jhin.2002.1235 Bloss, 2004, Test models to determine cleaning efficacy with different types of bioburden and its clinical correlation, J Hosp Infect, 56, S44, 10.1016/j.jhin.2003.12.029 Marion-Ferey, 2003, Biofilm removal from silicone tubing: an assessment of the efficacy of dialysis machine decontamination procedures using an in vitro model, J Hosp Infect, 53, 64, 10.1053/jhin.2002.1320 Marion, 2005, A new procedure allowing the complete removal and prevention of hemodialysis biofilms, Blood Purif, 23, 339, 10.1159/000086870 Williams, 2005, Enzymes plus detergent effective in cleaning hemodialysis machines, Nat Clin Pract Nephrol, 1, 67, 10.1038/ncpneph0034 Xavier, 2005, Biofilm-control strategies based on enzymatic disruption of the extracellular polymeric substance matrix a modeling study, Microbiology, 151, 3817, 10.1099/mic.0.28165-0 Anonymous. Circulaire DHOS/E2/DGS/SD5C/2003/N°591 relative aux modalités de traitement manuel pour la désinfection des endoscopes non autoclavables dans les lieux de soins. Paris, 2003. Marion-Ferey, 2003, Methods for biofilm analysis on silicone tubing of hemodialysis machines, Artif Organs, 27, 258, 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2003.07148.x Pajkos, 2004, Is biofilm accumulation on endoscope tubing a contributor to the failure of cleaning and decontamination?, J Hosp Infect, 58, 224, 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.06.023 Zühlsdorf, 2004, Efficacy of 10 different cleaning processes in a washer-disinfector for flexible endoscopes, J Hosp Infect, 56, 305, 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.01.001 Fraser, 1992, Contamination of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes with Mycobacterium chelonae linked to an automated bronchoscope disinfection machine, Am Rev Respir Dis, 145, 853, 10.1164/ajrccm/145.4_Pt_1.853