Lithic raw material usages during the Middle Stone Age at Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt

Geoarchaeology - An International Journal - Tập 17 Số 6 - Trang 601-624 - 2002
Alicia L. Hawkins1, Maxine R. Kleindienst2
1Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 1A1
2Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada, L5L 1C6

Tóm tắt

AbstractDakhleh Oasis, the largest of the Egyptian Western Desert, presents an opportunity for diachronic study of lithic raw material preferences during the Middle Stone Age (MSA) of the Eastern Sahara. Archaeological aggregates and raw material sources are exposed and easily mapped. Diverse and abundant lithic raw materials derive from sandstone, shale, and limestone sources and are also found in secondary geological contexts. Three main raw materials were used, and there was strong preference for one of these: Tarawan chert. Easily available only in the north‐central oasis, this material was transported substantial distances even when other materials that were known and used by MSA peoples could be found closer at hand. There is little evidence for use of raw materials exogenous to Dakhleh Oasis. This pattern of usage does not appear to change from the older MSA units to the Aterian Dakhleh Unit. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Amick D.S., 1997, Effects of raw material on flake breakage patterns, Lithic Technology, 22, 18, 10.1080/01977261.1997.11754531

10.1007/b110579

Bouzouggar A., 1997, Économie des matières premièrs et du débitage dans la séquence atérienne de la grotte d'el Mnasra I (Ancienne grotte des Contrebandiers—Maroc), Préhistoire Anthropologie Méditerranéennes, 6, 35

Caton‐Thompson G., 1952, The Kharga Oasis in prehistory

10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00104-2

Clark J.D., 1993, Environmental change and human culture in the Nile basin and northern Africa until the second millenium B.C, 49

10.2307/3888427

10.1007/978-1-4899-0165-1

10.1006/jaar.1993.1007

Garcea E.A.A., 1996, The colloquia of Thirteenth International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, 183

Garcea E.A.A., 1998, Wadi Teshuinat: Palaeoenvironment and prehistory in south‐western Fezzan (Libyan Sahara), 155

Geneste J.‐M., 1989, L'Homme de Neandertal, la Subsistance, 75

Hawkins A.(2001).Getting a handle on tangs: Defining the Dakhleh Unit of the Aterian Technocomplex—A study in surface archaeology from the Western Desert of Egypt. Unpublished doctoral dissertation University of Toronto Toronto.

Hermina M., 1990, The geology of Egypt, 259

Kleindienst M.R., 1999, Reports from the survey of Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt, 1977–1987, 83

Kleindienst M.R. Churcher C.S. McDonald M.M.A. &Schwarcz H.P.(1999).Geology geography geochronology and geoarchaeology of the Dakhleh Oasis region: Interim report. In C.S. Churcher & A.J. Mills (Eds.) Reports from the survey of Dakhleh Oasis Western Desert of Egypt 1977–1987(pp. 1–53). Oxford: Oxbow Books (submitted).

Kleindienst M.R. Schwarcz H.P. Nicoll K. Churcher C.S. Frizano J. Giegengack R. &Wiseman M.F.(no date).Water in the desert: First report on Uranium‐series dating of Caton‐Thompson's and Gardner's “classic” Pleistocene sequence at Refuf Pass Kharga Oasis. In M.F. Wiseman (Ed.) Oasis Papers II: Proceedings of the Second Dakhleh Oasis Project Research Seminar Royal Ontario Museum and University of Toronto June 16–20 1997. Oxford: Oxbow Books (submitted).

10.1006/jhev.2000.0435

McDonald M.M.A., 1983, Dakhleh Oasis Project—fourth preliminary report on the lithic industries in the Dakhleh Oasis, The SSEA Journal, 13, 140

10.1179/009346991792208281

10.1038/170447b0

10.1017/CBO9781139163996

Pasty J.‐F., 1999, Contribution à l'étude de l'Atérien du nord mauritanien, 10.30861/9780860549871

Schwarcz H.P. Szkudlarek R. Kleindienst M.R. &Evenesen N.(no date).Fire in the desert: The occurrence of a high‐Ca silicate glass near the Dakhleh Oasis Egypt. In M.F. Wiseman (Ed.) Oasis Papers II: Proceedings of the Second Dakhleh Oasis Project Research Seminar Royal Ontario Museum and University of Toronto June 16–20 1997. Oxford: Oxbow Books (submitted).

Tillet T., 1995, L'homme méditerraneen, 29

Turq A., 1992, The Middle Palaeolithic: Adaptation, behavior, and variability, 75

10.1007/978-1-4615-2908-8

Wengler L., 1990, Économie des matières premières et territoire dans le moustérien et l'atérien maghrébins: Exemples du Maroc oriental, L'Anthropologie, 94, 335

Wilson L., 1996, Proceedings of Workshop 12 of the 13th International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, 55

Wiseman M.F., 1999, Reports from the survey of Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt, 1977–1987, 109

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Geoarchaeology - An International Journal

Tập 17 Số 6

601-624

Thông tin tác giả