The synthesis of polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotube microspheres by aqueous deposition polymerization under ultrasonication

Iijima, 1991, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, 354, 56, 10.1038/354056a0 Wang, 2004, Polymers containing fullerene or carbon nanotube structures, Prog Polym Sci, 29, 1079, 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2004.08.001 Barraza, 2002, SWNT-filled thermoplastic and elastomeric composites prepared by miniemulsion polymerization, Nano Lett, 2, 797, 10.1021/nl0256208 Grossiord, 2006, Toolbox for dispersing carbon nanotubes into polymers to get conductive nanocomposites, Chem Mater, 18, 1089, 10.1021/cm051881h Tasis, 2003, Soluble carbon nanotubes, Chem – A Eur J, 9, 4000, 10.1002/chem.200304800 Cadek, 2004, Reinforcement of polymers with carbon nanotubes: the role of nanotube surface area, Nano Lett, 4, 353, 10.1021/nl035009o Islam, 2003, High weight fraction surfactant solubilization of single-walled carbon nanotubes in water, Nano Lett, 3, 269, 10.1021/nl025924u Vigolo, 2000, Macroscopic fibers and ribbons of oriented carbon nanotubes, Science, 290, 1331, 10.1126/science.290.5495.1331 Zhang, 2005, Surfactant functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for layer-by layer assembling of CNT multi-layer films and fabrication of gold nanoparticle/CNT nanohybrid, Carbon, 44, 276, 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.07.021 Qin, 2004, Polymer brushes on single-walled carbon nanotubes by atom transfer radical polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate, J Am Chem Soc, 126, 170, 10.1021/ja037937v Bahr, 2001, Highly functionalized carbon nanotubes using in situ generated diazonium compounds, Chem Mater, 13, 3823, 10.1021/cm0109903 Yao, 2003, Polymerization from the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes-preparation and characterization of nanocomposites, J Am Chem Soc, 125, 16015, 10.1021/ja037564y Yang, 2007, Mechanical reinforcement of polyethylene using polyethylene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Adv Funct Mater, 17, 2062, 10.1002/adfm.200600599 Shofner, 2006, Processing and mechanical properties of fluorinated single-wall carbon nanotube–polyethylene composites, Chem Mater, 18, 906, 10.1021/cm051475y Moniruzzaman, 2006, Polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes, Macromolecules, 39, 5194, 10.1021/ma060733p Shaffer, 1999, Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanotube/poly(vinyl alcohol) composites, Adv Mater, 11, 937, 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199908)11:11<937::AID-ADMA937>3.0.CO;2-9 Koganemaru, 2004, Composites of polyacrylonitrile and multiwalled carbon nanotubes prepared by gelation/crystallization from solution, Adv Funct Mater, 14, 842, 10.1002/adfm.200305034 Trujillo, 2007, Thermal and morphological characterization of nanocomposites prepared by in-situ polymerization of high-density polyethylene on carbon nanotubes, Macromolecules, 40, 6268, 10.1021/ma071025m Xu, 2006, Single-step in situ preparation of polymer-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotube composited under 60Coγ-ray irradiation, Chem Mater, 18, 2929, 10.1021/cm052840o Guo, 2006, “Fishing” polymer brushed on single-walled carbon nanotubes by in-situ free radical polymerization in a poor solvent, Macromolecules, 39, 9035, 10.1021/ma061715a Liang, 2006, In situ polymerization initiated by single-walled carbon nanotube salts, Chem Mater, 18, 4764, 10.1021/cm0607536 Zhao, 2005, Synthesis and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced polyamide 6 by in situ polymerization, Polymer, 46, 5125, 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.065 Bajaj, 2001, Thermal behaviour of acrylonitrile copolymers having methacrylic and itaconic acid comonomers, Polymer, 42, 1707, 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00583-8 Screekumar, 2007, Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile in the presence of functionalized carbon nanotubes, Carbon, 45, 1114, 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.02.015 Sreekumar, 2004, Polyacrylonitrile single-walled carbon nanotube composite fibers, Adv Mater, 16, 58, 10.1002/adma.200305456 Chae, 2005, A comparison of reinforcement efficiency of various types of carbon nanotubes in polyacrylonitrile fiber, Polymer, 46, 10925, 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.092 Liu, 2003, SWNT/PAN composite film-based supercapacitors, Carbon, 41, 2440, 10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00245-8 Bashir, 1992, Thermoreversible gelation and plasticization of polyacrylonitrile, Polymer, 33, 4304, 10.1016/0032-3861(92)90272-X Bell, 1971, Changes in the structure of wet-spun acrylic fibers during processing, Text Res J, 41, 196, 10.1177/004051757104100302 Bredeau, 2008, From carbon nanotube coating to high-performance polymer nanocomposites, Polym Int, 57, 547, 10.1002/pi.2375 Chen, 1998, Solution properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes, Science, 282, 95, 10.1126/science.282.5386.95 Chopra, 2005, Bifunctional carbon nanotubes by sidewall protection, Adv Funct Mater, 15, 858, 10.1002/adfm.200400399 Olalde, 2008, Single-walled carbon nanotubes and multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with poly(l-lactic acid): a comparative study, J Phys Chem C, 112, 10663, 10.1021/jp800266j Yang, 2007, Controlled synthesis and novel solution rheology of hyperbranched poly(urea-urethane)-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Macromolecules, 40, 5858, 10.1021/ma0707077 Bajaj, 1996, Solution polymerization of acrylonitrile with vinyl acids in dimethylformamide, J Appl Polym Sci, 59, 1539, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960307)59:10<1539::AID-APP6>3.0.CO;2-N Strano, 2003, Electronic structure control of single-walled carbon nanotube functionalization, Science, 301, 1519, 10.1126/science.1087691 Ajayan, 1993, Electron-loss spectroscopy of carbon nanometer-size tubes, Phys Rev B, 47, 6859, 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.6859 Lee, 2006, Fabrication of photoluminescent dyes/poly(acrylonitrile) coaxial nanotubes using vapor deposition polymerization, Chem Mater, 18, 5002, 10.1021/cm0611542 Ge, 2004, Assembly of well-aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes in confined polyacrylonitrile environments: electrospun composite nanofiber sheets, J Am Chem Soc, 126, 15754, 10.1021/ja048648p Ma, 2008, Functionalizing carbon nanotubes by grafting on intumescent flame retardant: nanocomposite synthesis, morphology, rheology, and flammability, Adv Funct Mater, 18, 414, 10.1002/adfm.200700677 Bahr, 2001, Functionalization of carbon nanotubes by electrochemical reduction of aryl diazonium salts: a bucky paper electrode, J Am Chem Soc, 123, 6536, 10.1021/ja010462s Badawy, 2003, Cross-linked polyacrylonitrile prepared by radiation-induced polymerization technique, J Phys Chem B, 107, 11273, 10.1021/jp034603j Liu, 2005, Functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with well-defined polymers by radical coupling, Macromolecules, 38, 1172, 10.1021/ma048273s Ko, 2003, Electrospinning of continuous carbon nanotube-filled nanofiber yarns, Adv Mater, 15, 1161, 10.1002/adma.200304955 Bajaj, 2001, Thermal behavior of acrylonitrile copolymers having methacrylic and itaconic acid comonomers, Polymer, 42, 1707, 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00583-8