Legislation for the Reuse of Biosolids on Agricultural Land in Europe: Overview

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Clarke, 2011, Review of ‘emerging’ organic contaminants in biosolids and assessment of international research priorities for the agricultural use of biosolids, Environ. Int., 37, 226, 10.1016/j.envint.2010.06.004

Islam, 2013, Biosolid Impact on Heavy Metal Accumulation and Lability in Soiln Under Alternate-Year No-Till Corn–Soybean Rotation, Water Air Soil Pollut., 224, 1451, 10.1007/s11270-013-1451-2

Manzetti, 2015, Impact of sludge deposition on biodiversity, Ecotoxicology, 24, 1799, 10.1007/s10646-015-1530-9

Ashekuzzaman, S.M., Kwapinska, M., Leahy, J.J., Richards, K., and Fenton, O. (2019). Novel Use of Dairy Processing Sludge Derived Pyrogenic Char (DPS-PC) to Remove Phosphorus in Discharge Effluents. Waste and Biomass Valorization, Springer.

Albacete, 2013, Home and vermicomposting as sustainable options for biowaste management, J. Clean. Prod., 47, 70, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.08.011

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(2018). EUR-Lex Decision (EU) 2018/853 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Regulation (EU) No 1257/2013 and Directives 94/63/EC and 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directives 86/278/EEC and 87/217/EEC. Off. J. Eur. Communities, 150, 155–161.

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Coma, 2015, Integrated side-stream reactor for biological nutrient removal and minimization of sludge production, Water Sci. Technol., 71, 1056, 10.2166/wst.2015.067

Collivignarelli, 2015, Treatment of sewage sludge in a thermophilic membrane reactor (TMR) with alternate aeration cycles, J. Environ. Manag., 162, 132, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.07.031

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European Commission (2019, September 05). Disposal and Recycling Routes for Sewage Sludge Part 2—Regulatory Report. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/waste/sludge/pdf/sludge_disposal2.pdf.

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Collivignarelli, M.C., Abbà, A., and Benigna, I. (2019). The reuse of biosolids on agricultural land: Critical issues and perspective. Water Environ. Res.

Walter, 2006, Heavy metal speciation and phytotoxic effects of three representative sewage sludges for agricultural uses, Environ. Pollut., 139, 507, 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.05.020

Singh, 2008, Potential benefits and risks of land application of sewage sludge, Waste Manag., 28, 347, 10.1016/j.wasman.2006.12.010

European Commission (2019, September 05). Disposal and Recycling Routes for Sewage Sludge Part 1—Sludge Use Acceptance Report. Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/waste/sludge/pdf/sludge_disposal1.pdf.

Vymazal, 2019, Present restrictions of sewage sludge application in agriculture within the European Union, Soil Water Res., 14, 104, 10.17221/36/2018-SWR

Government of Germany (2019, September 05). Sewage Sludge Regulation of 15 April 1992, (In German).

Government of Germany (2019, September 05). Ordinance on the Reorganization of Sewage Sludge Utilization, (In German).

Government of UK (2019, September 05). Guidance of 23 May 2018: “Sewage Sludge on Farmland: Code of Practice for England, Wales and Northern Ireland”, Available online: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/sewage-sludge-in-agriculture-code-of-practice/sewage-sludge-in-agriculture-code-of-practice-for-england-wales-and-northern-ireland.

Government of Spain (2019, September 06). Royal Decree 1310/1990, of 29 October, Regulating the Use of Sludge from Depuration in the Agricultural Sector, (In Spanish).

Government of France (2019, September 06). Order of 8 January 1998 Laying Down the Technical Requirements for Sludge Spreading on Agricultural Soils under Decree No. 97-1133 of 8 December 1997 on the Spreading of Sludge from Waste Water Treatment, (In French).

Government of Italy (2019, September 05). Conversion into Law, with Amendments, of the Decree-Law 28 September 2018, n. 109, Containing Urgent Provisions for the City of Genoa, the Security of the National Infrastructure and Transport Network, the 2016 and 2017 Seismic Events, Work and other Emer, Available online: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2018/11/19/18G00157/sg.

Government of Italy (2019, September 04). Implementation of Directive 86/278/EEC on the Protection of the Environment, and in Particular of the Soil, when Sewage Sludge is Used in Agriculture, (In Italian).

Government of Netherlands (2019, September 06). Decision of 30 January 1998 Laying Down Rules on the Quality and the Placing on the Market of other Organic Fertilizers (Decision Quality and Use of other Organic Fertilizers), (In Dutch).

(2019, September 04). Lander of Carinthia Ordination n.74 of 15/12/2000 on the Application of Treated Sewage Sludge, Biowaste and Green Waste to Land-Based Soil—Carinthia Sewage Sludge and Compost Regulation, (In German).

Lander of Lower Austria (2019, September 03). Consolidated Landrecht Lower Austria: Entire legislation for Sewage Sludge Ordinance, Version of 11.07.2019, (In German).

Lander of Styria (2019, September 02). Ordinance of the Steiemark Provincial Government of 8 October 2007, on the Application of Sewage Sludge to Agricultural Soils, (In German).

Lander of Voralberg (2019, September 07). Ordinance of the National Government on the Application of Sewage Sludge Published on 9 October 1997, (In German).

Government of Sweden (2019, September 05). Notice of Protection of the Environment, in Particular the Soil, When Sewage Sludge Is Used in Agriculture; Decided on 30 May 1994, (In Swedish).

Government of Portugal (2019, September 06). Law Decree No. 276/2009 of 2 October on the Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge, (In Portuguese).

Government of Finland (2019, September 07). Council of State Decision on Use of Sewage Sludge in Agriculture of December 5, 1994, (In Finnish).

Government of Denmark (2019, September 11). Executive Order no. 49 of 20 January 2000 on Supervision of Waste Water Sludge for Agricultural Purposes, (In Danish).

Government of Denmark (2019, September 11). Order no. 1001 of 27/06/2018 on the Use of Waste for Agricultural Purposes, (In Danish).

Government of Ireland (2019, September 11). S.I. No. 148/1998—Waste Management (Use of Sewage Sludge in Agriculture) Regulations, Available online: http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1998/si/148/made/en/print.

Government of Greece (2019, September 11). Methods, Conditions and Restrictions for the Use in Agriculture of Sludge from Domestic and Urban Effluent Treatment, (In Greek).

Walloon Region (2019, September 11). Order of the Walloon Government of 12 January 1995 Regulating the Use of Sewage Sludge or Sludge from Sludge Treatment Centers in Septic Tanks. (In French).

Flemish Region (2019, September 11). Decision of the Flemish Government Establishing the Flemish Regulation Concerning the Sustainable Management of Material Cycles and Waste, (In Dutch).

Government of Luxembourg (2019, September 03). Grand-Ducal Regulation of 23 December 2014 Relating to Sewage Sludge, (In French).

Government of Poland (2019, September 03). Ordinance of the Minister of the Environment of 25 February 2015 on Municipal Sewage Sludge, (In Polish).

Government of Hungary (2019, September 02). Government Decree on the Rules of Agricultural Use and Treatment of Sewage and Sewage Sludge. 50/2001 (IV.3), (In Hungarian).

Government of the Czech Republic (2019, September 02). Decree of the Ministry of the Environment No. 382/2001, on the Conditions of Use of Treated Sludge on Agricultural Land, (In Czech).

Government of the Czech Republic (2019, September 02). Declaration 437/2016 on the Conditions of Use of Treated sludge on Agricultural Land and Amending Decree No. 383/2001, (In Czech).

Government of Romania (2019, September 03). Ordinance No. 344/708 of 16 August 2004 for Approval of Technical Norms on Environmental Protection and Especially of Soils, when Using Sewage Sludge in Agriculture, (In Romanian).

Government of Lithuania (2019, September 03). Declaration n.349 Concerning the Approval of the Normative Document Land 20-2005 “Requirements for the Use of Waste Dumping and Recycling”, (In Lithuanian).

Government of Slovakia (2019, September 10). Act no. 188/2003 on Application of Sludge and Bottom Sediments to Soil and on Amendment of Act no. 223/2001 on Waste and Amendments to Certain Acts as Amended, (In Slovak).

Government of Bulgaria (2019, September 10). Ordinance on the Procedure and the Way of Utilization of Sludge from the Treatment of Waste Waters through Their Use in Agriculture. Adopted by Decree of the Council of Ministers No 201 of 4.08.2016, Promulgated, SG, no. 63 of 12.08.2016, (In Bulgarian).

Government of Estonia (2019, September 10). Regulations No. 78 of 30 December 2002, Entry into Force on 01/01/2016, on Requirements for Use of Sewage Sludge in Agriculture, Greenery and Re-cultivation, (In Estonian).

Government of Cyprus (2019, September 02). Control of Water Pollution (Use of Sludge) Regulations of 2002, PI. 517/2002, (In Greek).

Government of Latvia (2019, September 08). Cabinet of Ministers Regulation No. 362 of 2 May 2006 on Regulations on the Use of Sewage Sludge and Its Compost, Monitoring and Control, (In Latvian).

Government of Slovenia (2019, September 07). Decree No. 62 of 20 June 2008 on the Use of Sludge from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Agriculture, (In Slovenian).

Government of Malta (2019, September 08). Legal Notice 212 of 28 June 2002 on Sludge (Use in Agriculture) Regulations, Available online: http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=11496&l=1.

Government of Croatia (2019, September 02). Ordinance No. 38 of 2 April 2008 on Sludge Management from Sewage Treatment Plants when Sludge is Used in Agriculture, (In Croatian).

PURE (2019, September 09). Good Practices in Sludge Management. Available online: http://www.purebalticsea.eu/index.php/gpsm:good_practices.

Province of Pavia (2019, October 17). The Soil of the Province of Pavia, (In Italian).

Chang, A.C., Hinesly, T.D., Bates, T.E., Poner, H.E., Dowdy, R.H., and Ryan, J.A. (2018). Effects of Long-Term Sludge Application on Accumulation of Trace Elements By Crops. Land Application of Sludge, CRC Press.

Somtners, L., Van Volk, V., Giordano, P.M., Sopper, W.E., and Bastían, R. (2018). Effects of Soil Properties on Accumulation of Trace Elements By Crops. Land Application of Sludge, CRC Press.

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Napoli, 2017, Assessment of soil and nutrient losses by runoff under different soil management practices in an Italian hilly vineyard, Soil Tillage Res., 168, 71, 10.1016/j.still.2016.12.011

Pardini, 2003, Runoff erosion and nutrient depletion in five Mediterranean soils of NE Spain under different land use, Sci. Total Environ., 309, 213, 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00007-X

Torri, 2017, Biosolid Application to Agricultural Land—A Contribution to Global Phosphorus Recycle: A Review, Pedosphere, 27, 1, 10.1016/S1002-0160(15)60106-0

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Rashid, 2017, Farmers’ attitude toward treated sludge use in the villages of West Bank, Palestine, Environ. Monit. Assess., 189, 353, 10.1007/s10661-017-6074-4

Amajirionwu, 2008, Indicators for managing biosolids in Ireland, J. Environ. Manag., 88, 1361, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.003

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Veneto Region (2019, September 04). Law n. 130 of 11/15/2018, Article 41: Urgent Provisions on the Management of Sewage Sludge that Integrate the Characteristics of the Sludge that can be Used in Agriculture, (In Italian).

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Lombardy Region (2019, September 09). Regional Decree n. X/2031/2014, Regional Regulations for the Treatment and Use, for the Benefits of Agriculture, of Sewage Sludge from Civil and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plants, (In Italian).

Veneto Region (2019, September 04). Deliberation of the Regional n. 2241/2005, Directive B—Technical Regulations Regarding the Use in Agriculture of Sewage Sludge and other Sludge Non-toxic and Harmful, with Agronomic Usefulness, (In Italian).

Emilia-Romagna Region (2019, September 05). Deliberation of the Regional n. 285/2005, Regional Regulations Concerning the Management and the Authorization for Sewage Sludge Use in Agriculture, (In Italian).

Government of Italy (2019, September 13). Legislative Decree n. 75 of April 29, 2010—Reorganization and Revision of the Regulation on Fertilizers, Pursuant to Article 13 of Law no. 88. of 7 July 2009, (In Italian).

Government of Italy (2019, September 13). Ministerial Decree of June 28, 2016—Amendments to Annexes 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 of Legislative Decree No. 75 of April 29, 2010 Containing: Reorganization and Revision of the Discipline on Fertilizers, in Accordance with Article 13 of the Law n. 88 of 7 July, Available online: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2016-08-12&atto.codiceRedazionale=16A05930&elenco30giorni=false.