Flavor is in the brain

Physiology and Behavior - Tập 107 - Trang 540-552 - 2012
Dana M. Small

Tài liệu tham khảo

Shepherd, 2011 Stein, 1998, Neural mechanisms for synthesizing sensory information and producing adaptive behaviors, Exp Brain Res, 123, 124, 10.1007/s002210050553 Green, 2002, Studying taste as a cutaneous sense, Food Qual Preferences, 14, 99, 10.1016/S0950-3293(02)00071-X Lim, 2008, Tactile interaction with taste localization: influence of gustatory quality and intensity, Chem Senses, 33, 137, 10.1093/chemse/bjm070 Lim, 2011, Potential mechanisms of retronasal odor referral to the mouth, Chem Senses, 36, 283, 10.1093/chemse/bjq125 Todrank, 1991, A taste illusion: taste sensation localized by touch, Physiol Behav, 50, 1027, 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90432-N Mozell, 1969, Nasal chemoreception in flavor identification, Arch Otolaryngol, 90, 367, 10.1001/archotol.1969.00770030369020 Stevenson, 2011, The role of attention in the localization of odors to the mouth, Atten Percept Psychophys, 73, 247, 10.3758/s13414-010-0013-6 Stevenson, 2011, The role of taste and oral somatosensation in olfactory localization, Q J Exp Psychol, 64, 224, 10.1080/17470218.2010.491922 Tham, 2011, The impact of mediodorsal thalamic lesions on olfactory attention and flavor perception, Brain Cogn, 77, 71, 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.05.008 Auvray, 2008, The multisensory perception of flavor, Conscious Cogn, 17, 1016, 10.1016/j.concog.2007.06.005 Morrot, 2001, The color of odors, Brain Lang, 79, 309, 10.1006/brln.2001.2493 Österbauer, 2005, Color of scents: chromatic stimuli modulate odor responses in the human brain, J Neurophysiol, 93, 3434, 10.1152/jn.00555.2004 Zellner, 2002, What is refreshing? An investigation of the color and other sensory attributes of refreshing foods and beverages, Appetite, 39, 185, 10.1006/appe.2002.0502 Talavera, 2005, Heat activation of TRPM5 underlies thermal sensitivity of sweet taste, Nature, 438, 1022, 10.1038/nature04248 Scott, 1986, Gustatory responses in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the alert cynomolgus monkey, J Neurophysiol, 55, 182, 10.1152/jn.1986.55.1.182 Travers, 1988, Efferent projections from the anterior nucleus of the solitary tract of the hamster, Brain Res, 457, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(88)90051-0 Travers, 1979, Gustatory sensativities in neurons of the hamster nucelus tractus solitarius, Sens Processes, 3, 1 Whitehead, 1990, Subdivisions and neuron types of the nucleus of the solitary tract that project to the parabrachial nucleus in the hamster, J Comp Neurol, 301, 554, 10.1002/cne.903010406 Whitehead, 1983, Anatomy of the gustatory system in the hamster: central projections of the chorda tympani and the lingual nerve, J Comp Neurol, 220, 378, 10.1002/cne.902200403 Meiselman, 1971, Effect of presentation procedure on taste intensity functions, Percept Psychophys, 10, 1, 10.3758/BF03205758 Travers, 1995, Organization of orosensory responses in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat, J Neurophysiol, 73, 2144, 10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2144 van Buskirk, 1977, Odorant responses in taste neurons of the rat NTS, Brain Res, 135, 287, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)91032-0 Haberly, 1977, The axonal projection patterns of the mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb in the rat, Brain Res, 129, 152, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90978-7 Sosulski, 2011, Distinct representations of olfactory information in different cortical centres, Nature, 472, 213, 10.1038/nature09868 Di Lorenzo, 1995, Corticofugal influence on taste responses in the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat, J Neurophysiol, 74, 258, 10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.258 Neafsey, 1986, The topographical organization of neurons in the rat medial frontal, insular and olfactory cortex projectiong to the solitary nucleus, olfactory bulb, periaqueductal gray and superior colliculus, Brain Res, 377, 261, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90867-X Di Lorenzo, 1990, Corticofugal influence on taste responses in the parabrachial pons of the rat, Brain Res, 530, 73, 10.1016/0006-8993(90)90658-X Di Lorenzo, 1985, Olfactory responses in the gustatory area of the parabrachial pons, Brain Res Bull, 15, 673, 10.1016/0361-9230(85)90219-9 Yamamoto, 1994, Representation of hedonics and quality of taste stimuli in the parabrachial nucleus of the rat, Physiol Behav, 56, 1197, 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90366-2 Beckstead, 1980, The nucleus of the solitary tract in the monkey: projections to the thalamus and brain stem nuclei, J Comp Neurol, 190, 259, 10.1002/cne.901900205 Norgren, 1984, Central neural mechanisms of taste Norgren, 1990, Gustatory system, 845 Pritchard, 2000, Projections of the parabrachial nucleus in the Old World monkey, Exp Neurol, 165, 101, 10.1006/exnr.2000.7450 Topolovec, 2004, Human cardiovascular and gustatory brainstem sites observed by functional magnetic resonance imaging, J Comp Neurol, 471, 446, 10.1002/cne.20033 Pritchard, 1989, Neural coding of gustatory information in the thalamus of Macaca mulatta, J Neurophysiol, 61, 1, 10.1152/jn.1989.61.1.1 Verhagen, 2003, Responses to taste stimulation in the ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus in rats, J Neurophysiol, 89, 265, 10.1152/jn.00870.2001 Verhagen, 2006, The neurocognitive bases of human multimodal food perception: sensory integration, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 30, 613, 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.11.003 Giachetti, 1977, Olfactory input to the thalamus: evidence for a ventroposteromedial projection, Brain Res, 125, 166, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90369-9 Castriota-Scanderbeg, 2005, The appreciation of wine by sommeliers: a functional magnetic resonance study of sensory integration, Neuroimage, 25, 570, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.11.045 Cerf-Ducastel, 2001, fMRI activation in response to odorants orally delivered in aqueous solutions, Chem Senses, 26, 625, 10.1093/chemse/26.6.625 Cerf-Ducastel, 2001, Interaction of gustatory and lingual somatosensory perceptions at the cortical level in the human: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, Chem Senses, 26, 371, 10.1093/chemse/26.4.371 de Araujo, 2004, Representation in the human brain of food texture and oral fat, J Neurosci, 24, 3086, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0130-04.2004 de Araujo, 2003, Taste-olfactory conergence, and the representation of the pleasantness of flavour in the human brain, Eur J Neurosci, 18, 2059, 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02915.x De Araujo, 2009, The gustatory cortex and mulitsensory integration, Int J Obes, 33, S23, 10.1038/ijo.2009.70 Scott, 1999, Taste in the monkey cortex, Physiol Behav, 67, 489, 10.1016/S0031-9384(99)00115-8 Sewards, 2001, Cortical association areas in the gustatory system, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25, 395, 10.1016/S0149-7634(01)00021-5 Small, 2004, Experience-dependent neural integration of taste and smell in the human brain, J Neurophysiol, 92, 1892, 10.1152/jn.00050.2004 Veldhuizen, 2010, The insular taste cortex contributes to odor quality coding, Front Human Neurosci, 4 Verhagen, 2003, Neurons in the primate orbitofrontal cortex respond to fat texture independently of viscosity, J Neurophysiol, 90, 1514, 10.1152/jn.00320.2003 Pritchard, 1986, Projections of thalamic gustatory and lingual areas in the monkey, Macaca fascicularis, J Comp Neurol, 244, 213, 10.1002/cne.902440208 Carmichael, 1994, Central olfactory connections in the macaque monkey, J Comp Neurol, 346, 403, 10.1002/cne.903460306 Carmichael, 1995, Sensory and premotor connections of the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of Macaque monkeys, J Comp Neurol, 363, 642, 10.1002/cne.903630409 Cipolloni, 1999, Cortical connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas in the rhesus monkey, J Comp Neurol, 403, 431, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19990125)403:4<431::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-1 Kinny, 1978, An experimental study of the central gustatory pathways in the monkey, Macaca mulatta and Ceropithecus aethiops, J Hirnforsch, 19, 21 Ogawa, 1990, Taste area in granular and dysgranular insular cortices in the rat identified by stimulation of the entire oral cavity, Neurosci Res, 9, 196, 10.1016/0168-0102(90)90004-X Ogawa, 1985, Two distinct projection areas from tongue nerves in the frontal operculum of macaque monkeys as revealed with evoked potential mapping, Neurosci Res, 2, 447, 10.1016/0168-0102(85)90017-3 Ogawa, 1992, Difference in receptive field features of taste neurons in rat granular and dysgranular insular cortices, Exp Brain Res, 91, 408, 10.1007/BF00227837 Shi, 1998, Cortical, thalamic, and amygdaloid connections of the anterior and posterior insular cortices, J Comp Neurol, 399, 440, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19981005)399:4<440::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-1 Turner, 1980, Organization of the amygdalopetal projections from modality-specific cortical association areas in the monkey, J Comp Neurol, 191, 515, 10.1002/cne.901910402 Yamamoto, 1985, Gustatory responses of cortical neurons in rats. II. Information processing of taste quality, J Neurophysiol, 53, 1370, 10.1152/jn.1985.53.6.1370 Ogawa, 1994, Gustatory cortex of primates: anatomy and physiology, Neurosci Res, 20, 1, 10.1016/0168-0102(94)90017-5 Rolls, 1988, The responsiveness of neurons in the frontal opercular gustatory cortex of the macaque monkey is independent of hunger, J Physiol, 397, 1, 10.1113/jphysiol.1988.sp016984 Scott, 1986, Gustatory responses in the frontal opercular cortex of the alert cynomolgus monkey, J Neurophysiol, 56, 876, 10.1152/jn.1986.56.3.876 Yaxley, 1988, The responsiveness of neurons in the insular gustatory cortex of the macaque monkey is independent of hunger, Physiol Behav, 42, 223, 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90074-1 Faurion, 1999, Human taste cortical areas studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging: evidence of functional lateralization related to handedness, Neurosci Lett, 277, 189, 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00881-2 Frey, 1999, Re-examination of the human taste region: a positron emission tomography study, Eur J Neurosci, 11, 2985, 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00738.x Kinomura, 1994, Functional anatomy of taste perception in the human brain studied with positron emission tomography, Brain Res, 659, 263, 10.1016/0006-8993(94)90890-7 Ogawa, 2005, Functional MRI detection of activation in the primary gustatory cortices in humans, Chem Senses, 30, 583, 10.1093/chemse/bji052 Small, 2003, Dissociation of neural representation of intensity and affective valuation in human gustation, Neuron, 39, 701, 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00467-7 Rudenga, 2010, Evidence for an intgrated oral sensory module in the human ventral insula, Chem Senses, 35, 693, 10.1093/chemse/bjq068 Guest, 2007, Human cortical representation of oral temperature, Physiol Behav, 92, 975, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.07.004 Verhagen, 2004, Primate insular/opercular taste cortex: neuronal representations of the viscosity, fat texture, grittiness, temperature, and taste of foods, J Neurophysiol, 92, 1685, 10.1152/jn.00321.2004 Shipley, 1984, Anatomical evidence for convergence of olfactory, gustatory, and visceral afferent pathways in mouse cerebral cortex, Brain Res Bull, 12, 221, 10.1016/0361-9230(84)90049-2 Datiche, 1996, Reciprocal and topographic connections between teh piriform and prefrontal cortices in the rat: a tracing study using teh B subunit of the cholera toxin, Brain Res Bull, 41, 391, 10.1016/S0361-9230(96)00082-2 Mesulam, 1985, The insula of Reil in man and monkey: architectonics, connectivity and function, 221, 10.1007/978-1-4757-9619-3_5 Krushel, 1988, Visceral cortex: integration of the mucosal senses with limbic information in the rat agranular insular cortex, J Comp Neurol, 270, 39, 10.1002/cne.902700105 Welge-Lussen, 2005, Gustatory stimulation influences the processing of intranasal stimuli, Brain Res, 1038, 69, 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.01.011 Welge-Lussen, 2009, Influence of simultaneous gustatory stimuli on orthonasal and retronasal olfaction, Neurosci Lett, 454, 124, 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.002 Rolls, 1994, Gustatory, olfactory, and visual convergence within the primate orbitofrontal cortex, J Neurosci, 14, 5437, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-09-05437.1994 Stevenson, 1995, The acquisition of taste properties by odors, Learn Motiv, 26, 433, 10.1016/S0023-9690(05)80006-2 Stevenson, 2007, Olfactory-induced synesthesias: a review and model, Psychol Bull, 133, 294, 10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.294 Stevenson, 2001, Associative learning and odor quality perception: how sniffing an odor mixture can alter the smell of its parts, Learn Motiv, 32, 154, 10.1006/lmot.2000.1070 Stevenson, 2001, Is sweetness taste enhancement cognitively impenetrable? Effects of exposure, training and knowledge, Appetite, 36, 241, 10.1006/appe.2001.0401 Stevenson, 2004, Sweet and sour smells: learned synesthesia between the senses of taste and smell, 69 Stevenson, 1998, Changes in odor sweetness resulting from implicit learning of a simultaneous odor-sweetness association: an example of learned synesthesia, Learn Motiv, 29, 113, 10.1006/lmot.1998.0996 Stevenson, 2000, Resistance to extinction of conditioned odor perceptions: evaluative conditioning is not unique, J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 26, 423, 10.1037/0278-7393.26.2.423 Stevenson, 1999, Confusing tastes and smells: how odours can influence the perception of sweet and sour tastes, Chem Senses, 24, 627, 10.1093/chemse/24.6.627 Fortis-Santiago, 2010, State dependence of olfactory perception as a function of taste cortical inactivation, Nat Neurosci, 13, 158, 10.1038/nn.2463 Dalton, 2000, The merging of the senses: integration of subthreshold taste and smell, Nat Neurosci, 3, 431, 10.1038/74797 Delwiche, 2005, Cross-modal additivity of taste and smell, J Sens Stud, 20, 512, 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2005.00047.x Green, 2012, Enhancement of retronasal odors by taste, Chem Senses, 37, 77, 10.1093/chemse/bjr068 Marciani, 2006, Improved methods for fMRI studies of combined taste and aroma stimuli, J Neurosci Methods, 158, 186, 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.05.035 Bamiou, 2003, The insula (Island of Reil) and its role in auditory processing, Brain Res Rev, 42, 143, 10.1016/S0165-0173(03)00172-3 Rozin, 1982, “Taste–smell confusions” and the duality of the olfactory sense, Percept Psychophys, 31, 397, 10.3758/BF03202667 Mesulam, 2005, A heteromodal large-scale network for spaitial attention, 29 Calvert, 2001, Detection of audio-visual integration sites in humans by application of electrophysiological criteria to the BOLD effect, Neuroimage, 14, 427, 10.1006/nimg.2001.0812 Corbetta, 2002, Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain, Nat Rev Neurosci, 3, 201, 10.1038/nrn755 Gitelman, 1999, A large-scale distributed network for covert spatial attention: further anatomical delineation based on stringent behavioural and cognitive controls, Brain, 122, 1093, 10.1093/brain/122.6.1093 Nobre, 2001, The attentive homunculus: now you see it, now you don't, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25, 477, 10.1016/S0149-7634(01)00028-8 Nobre, 2006, Other dimensions of attention, Neural Networks, 19, 1450, 10.1016/j.neunet.2006.10.002 Veldhuizen, 2007, Trying to detect taste in a tasteless solution: modulation of early gustatory cortex by attention to taste, Chem Senses, 32, 569, 10.1093/chemse/bjm025 Veldhuizen, 2011, The anterior insular cortex represents breaches of taste identity expectation, J Neurosci, 31, 14,735, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1502-11.2011 Veldhuizen, 2011, Modality-specific neural effects of selective attention to taste and odor, Chem Senses, 36, 747, 10.1093/chemse/bjr043 Plailly, 2008, Attention to odor modulates thalamocortical connectivity in the human brain, J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci, 28, 5257, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5607-07.2008 Tham, 2009, The functional role of the medio dorsal thalamic nucleus in olfaction, Brain Res Rev, 62, 109, 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.09.007 Small, 2005, Differential neural responses evoked by orthonasal versus retronasal odorant perception in humans, Neuron, 47, 593, 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.07.022 Heilmann, 2004, A new method for comparing orthonasal and retronasal olfaction, Behav Neurosci, 118, 412, 10.1037/0735-7044.118.2.412 Hummel, 2006, Perceptual differences between chemical stimuli presented through the ortho- or retronasal route, Flavor Fragrance J, 21, 42, 10.1002/ffj.1700 de Araujo, 2008, Food reward in the absence of taste receptor signaling, Neuron, 57, 930, 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.032 Sclafani, 2004, Oral and postoral determinants of food reward, Physiol Behav, 81, 773, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.031 Steiner, 2001, Comparative expression of hedonic impact: affective reactions to taste by human infants and other primates, Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25, 53, 10.1016/S0149-7634(00)00051-8 Booth, 1991, Learned ingestive motivation and the pleasures of the palate, 29 Mehiel, 1991, Hedonic-shift conditioning with calories, 107 Yeomans, 1998, Taste, palatability and the control of appetite, Proc Nutr Soc, 57, 609, 10.1079/PNS19980089 de Araujo, 2011, Multiple reward layers in food reinforcement, 263 Glendinning, 2010, Taste does not determine daily intake of dilute sugar solutions in mice, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 299, R1333, 10.1152/ajpregu.00331.2010 Naim, 1985, Energy intake, weight gain and fat deposition in rats fed flavored, nutritionally controlled diets in a multichoice (“cafeteria”) design, J Nutr, 115, 1447, 10.1093/jn/115.11.1447 Rolls, 1981, Sensory specific satiety in man, Physiol Behav, 27, 137, 10.1016/0031-9384(81)90310-3 Rolls, 1983, Variety in the diet enhances intake in a meal and contributes to the development of obesity in the rat, Physiol Behav, 31, 21, 10.1016/0031-9384(83)90091-4 Sclafani, 1976, Dietary obesity in adult rats: similarities to hypothalamic and human obesity syndromes, Physiol Behav, 17, 461, 10.1016/0031-9384(76)90109-8 Brunstrom, 2005, Dietary learning in humans: directions for future research, Physiol Behav, 85, 57, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.04.004 Sclafani, 2001, Post-ingestive positive controls of ingestive behavior, Appetite, 36, 79, 10.1006/appe.2000.0370 Yeomans, 2009, Effects of energy density and portion size on development of acquired flavour liking and learned satiety, Appetite, 52, 469, 10.1016/j.appet.2008.12.010 Yeomans, 2008, Differential hedonic, sensory and behavioral changes associated with flavor–nutrient and flavor–flavor learning, Physiol Behav, 93, 798, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.11.041 Young, 1984, The ventral pallidal projection to the mediodorsal thalamus: a study with fluorescent retrograde tracers and immunohistofluorescence, J Neurosci, 4, 1626, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-06-01626.1984 Zellner, 1983, Conditioned enhancement of human's liking for flavor by pairing with sweetness, Learn Motiv, 14, 338, 10.1016/0023-9690(83)90021-8 Haase, 2009, Cortical activation in response to pure taste stimuli during the physiological states of hunger and satiety, Neuroimage, 44, 1008, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.044 Tataranni, 1999, Neuroanatomical correlates of hunger and satiation in humans using positron emission tomography, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 4569, 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4569 Page, 2011, Circulating glucose levels modulate neural control of desire for high-calorie foods in humans, J Clin Invest, 121, 4161, 10.1172/JCI57873 Rudenga, 2011, Amygdala response to sucrose consumption is inversely related to artificial sweetner use, Appetite Swithers, 2005, Obesity: outwitting the wisdom of the body?, Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 5, 10.1007/s11910-005-0041-0 Swithers, 2008, A role for sweet taste: calorie predictive relations in energy regulation by rats, Behav Neurosci, 122, 161, 10.1037/0735-7044.122.1.161 O'Doherty, 2001, Representation of pleasant and aversive taste in the human brain, J Neurophysiol, 85, 1315, 10.1152/jn.2001.85.3.1315 Small, 2003, Feeding-induced dopamine release in dorsal striatum correlates with meal pleasantness ratings in healthy human volunteers, Neuroimage, 19, 1709, 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00253-2 Gottfried, 2003, Encoding predictive reward value in human amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, Science, 301, 1104, 10.1126/science.1087919 Gottfried, 2006, The chemical senses, 125 O'Doherty, 2000, Sensory-specific satiety-related olfactory activation of the human orbitofrontal cortex, Neuroreport, 11, 399, 10.1097/00001756-200002070-00035 Zald, 1997, Emotion, olfaction, and the human amygdala: amygdala activation during aversive olfactory stimulation, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 4119, 10.1073/pnas.94.8.4119 Eldeghaidy, 2011, The cortical response to the oral perception of fat emulsions and the effect of taster status, J Neurophysiol, 105, 2572, 10.1152/jn.00927.2010 Grabenhorst, 2010, How the brain represents the reward value of fat in the mouth, Cereb Cortex, 20, 1082, 10.1093/cercor/bhp169 Kringelbach, 2003, Activation of the human orbitofrontal cortex to a liquid food stimulus is correlated with its subjective pleasantness, Cereb Cortex, 13, 1064, 10.1093/cercor/13.10.1064 McCabe, 2007, Umami: a delicious flavor formed by convergence of taste and olfactory pathways in the human brain, Eur J Neurosci, 25, 1855, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05445.x Small, 2001, Changes in brain activity related to eating chocolate: from pleasure to aversion, Brain, 124, 1720, 10.1093/brain/124.9.1720 Smeets, 2006, Effect of satiety on brain activation during chocolate tasting in men and women, Am J Clin Nutr, 83, 1297, 10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1297 de Araujo, 2006, Neural ensemble coding of satiety states, Neuron, 51, 483, 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.07.009 Critchley, 1996, Hunger and satiety modify the responses of olfactory and visual neurons in the primate orbitofrontal cortex, J Neurophysiol, 75, 1673, 10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1673 Mora, 1979, Effects of satiety on self-stimulation of the orbitofrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey, Neurosci Lett, 13, 141, 10.1016/0304-3940(79)90031-4 Rolls, 1989, Hunger modulates the responses to gustatory stimuli of single neurons in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex of the macaque monkey, Eur J Neurosci, 1, 53, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1989.tb00774.x Grabenhorst, 2008, Selective attention to affective value alters how the brain processes taste stimuli, Eur J Neurosci, 27, 723, 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06033.x Grabenhorst, 2008, How cognition modulates affective responses to taste and flavor: top-down influences on the orbitofrontal and pregenual cingulate cortices, Cereb Cortex, 18, 1549, 10.1093/cercor/bhm185 Nitschke, 2006, Altering expectancy dampens neural response to aversive taste in primary taste cortex, Nat Neurosci, 9, 435, 10.1038/nn1645 O'Doherty, 2002, Neural responses during anticipation of a primary taste reward, Neuron, 33, 815, 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00603-7 de Araujo, 2005, Cognitive modulation of olfactory processing, Neuron, 46, 671, 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.04.021 Gottfried, 2003, The nose smells what the eye sees: crossmodal visual facilitation of human olfactory perception, Neuron, 39, 375, 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00392-1 Savic, 2000, Olfactory functions are mediated by parallel and hierarchical processing, Neuron, 26, 735, 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81209-X Zelano, 2005, Attentional modulation in human primary olfactory cortex, Nat Neurosci, 8, 114, 10.1038/nn1368 McClure, 2003, Temporal prediction errors in a passive learning task activate human striatum, Neuron, 38, 339, 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00154-5 McClure, 2004, Neural correlates of behavioral preference for culturally familiar drinks, Neuron, 44, 379, 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.019 Pagnoni, 2002, Activity in human ventral striatum locked to errors of reward prediction, Nat Neurosci, 5, 97, 10.1038/nn802 Plassmann, 2008, Marketing actions can modulate neural representations of experienced pleasantness, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 1050, 10.1073/pnas.0706929105 Hare, 2009, Self-control in decision-making involves modulation of the vmPFC valuation system, Science, 324, 646, 10.1126/science.1168450 Hare, 2011, Focusing attention on the health aspects of foods changes value signals in vmPFC and improves dietary choice, J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci, 31, 11,077, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6383-10.2011 Felsted, 2010, Genetically determined differences in brain response to a primary food reward, J Neurosci, 30, 2428, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5483-09.2010 Small, 2009, Individual differences in the neurophysiology of reward and the obesity epidemic, Int J Obes, 33, S44, 10.1038/ijo.2009.71 Delwiche, 2004, The impact of sensory and physical interactions on perceived flavor, Food Qual Preferences, 15, 137, 10.1016/S0950-3293(03)00041-7