Identifying masked superior oblique involvement in thyroid eye disease to avoid postoperative A-pattern exotropia and intorsion

Jonathan M. Holmes1, Sarah R. Hatt1, Elizabeth A. Bradley1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

Tài liệu tham khảo

Scott, 1981, Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid myopathy, Ophthalmology, 88, 493, 10.1016/S0161-6420(81)34988-4 Roper-Hall, 1987, A-pattern exotropia as a complication of thyroid ophthalmopathy Kushner, 1992, Torsional diplopia after transantral orbital decompression and extraocular muscle surgery associated with Graves' orbitopathy, Am J Ophthalmol, 114, 239, 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)74004-8 Metz, 1999, Strabismus related to Graves ophthalmopathy, 285 Del Monte, 2002, 2001—An ocular odyssey: Lessons learned from 25 years of surgical treatment for graves eye disease, Am Orthopt J, 52, 40, 10.3368/aoj.52.1.40 Dal Canto, 2006, Intraoperative relaxed muscle positioning technique for strabismus repair in thyroid eye disease, Ophthalmology, 113, 2324, 10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.04.036 Guyton, 1981, Exaggerated traction test for the oblique muscles, Ophthalmology, 88, 1035, 10.1016/S0161-6420(81)80033-4 Holmes, 2012, Intraoperative monitoring of torsion to prevent vertical deviations during augmented vertical rectus transposition surgery, J AAPOS, 16, 136, 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.11.010 Flanders, 1997, Diagnosis and surgical management of strabismus associated with thyroid-related orbitopathy, J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus, 34, 333, 10.3928/0191-3913-19971101-04 Goldstein, 1990, Acquired Brown's superior oblique tendon syndrome due to euthyroid Graves' disease ophthalmomyopathy, Binocul Vis Quart, 5, 93 Hughes, 1992, Dysthyroid eye disease presenting as Brown's syndrome, Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh), 70, 262 Chatzistefanou, 2008, An unusually large incyclotropia associated with dysthyroid ophthalmopathy, Br J Ophthalmol, 92, 291, 10.1136/bjo.2007.119735 Thacker, 2005, Superior oblique muscle involvement in thyroid ophthalmopathy, J AAPOS, 9, 174, 10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.12.005 Caygill, 1972, Excyclotropia in dysthyroid ophthalmopathy, Am J Ophthalmol, 73, 437, 10.1016/0002-9394(72)90073-6 Chen, 2008, Ocular misalignment in Graves disease may mimic that of superior oblique palsy, J Neuroophthalmol, 28, 302, 10.1097/WNO.0b013e31818f133e Jampolsky, 1986, Management of vertical strabismus, Trans New Orleans Acad Ophthalmol, 34, 141 Prieto-Diaz, 2000, Restrictions, 359