Pozzolanic cements

Sersale, 1980, Structure des pouzzolanes et des cendres volantes et hydratation des ciments aux pouzzolanes et aux cendres volantes, vol. 1 Lea, 1938, The chemistry of pozzolanas, 460 Malquori, 1960, Portland-pozzolan cement, vol. II, 983 Kokubu, 1968, Fly ash and fly ash cement, vol. IV, 75 Massazza, 1974, Chemistry of pozzolanic additions and mixed cements Takemoto, 1980, Hydratation des ciments pouzzolaniques, vol. I Sersale, 1980, Structure et caractérisation des pouzzolanes et des cendres volantes, vol. I Uchikawa, 1986, Effect of blending components on hydration and structure formation, vol. I, 249 Regourd, 1986, Caracteriques et activation des produits d'addition, vol. I, 199 1983, vol. I–II 1986, vol. I–II 1989, vol. I–II Massazza, 1976, Chemistry of pozzolanic additions and mixed cements, Il Cemento, 1, 3 Costa, 1974, Factors affecting the reaction with lime of Italian pozzolanas Mortureux, 1980, Comparaison de la réactivité de différentes pouzzolanes, vol. III, IV Costa, 1977, Influence of the thermal treatment on the reactivity of some natural pozzolanas with lime, Il Cemento, 3, 105 Berry, 1989, Beneficiated fly ash: Hydration, microstructure, and strength development in portland cement systems, vol. 1, 241 Mehta, 1981, Studies on blended portland cements containing Santorin earth, Cement and Concrete Research, 11, 507, 10.1016/0008-8846(81)90080-6 Mielenz, 1950, Effect of calcination on natural pozzolans, ASTM Special Technical Publication, 99, 43 Costa, 1981, Natural pozzolanas and fly ashes: Analogies and differences, 134 Massazza, 1961, Ricerche sul Comportamento idraulico di ceneri volanti del carbone sulcis, Il Calore, 1, 2 Uchikawa, 1987, Effect of character of glass phase in blending components on their reactivity in calcium hydroxide mixture, vol. IV, 245 Watt, 1965, Composition and pozzolanic properties of pulverised fuel ashes, J. Appl. Chem., 15, 585, 10.1002/jctb.5010151207 Watt, 1965, Composition and pozzolanic properties of pulverised fuel ashes, J. Appl. Chem., 16, 33, 10.1002/jctb.5010160201 Hemmings, 1985, Speciation in size and density fractionated fly ash, vol. 65, 91 Terrier, 1966, Recherche sur le mécanisme de l'action pouzzolanique des cendres volantes dans le ciment, Revue des Matériaux de Construction, 613, 379 Sersale, 1960, Sull'attività ‘pozzolanica’ delle zeoliti: I. Reattività dell'herschelite con soluzione d'idrossido di calcio, XXVII, 263 Sersale, 1961, Sull'attività ‘pozzolanica’ delle zeoliti: II. Reattività dell'analcime con soluzione d'idrossido di calcio, Rend. dell'Accademia di Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche della Società Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti in Napoli Serie 4, XXVIII, 45 Massazza, 1977, Factors determining the development of mechanical strength in lime-pozzolana pastes, vol. 1, 537 Collepardi, 1976, Low pressure steam curing of compacted lime-pozzolana mixtures, Cem. Concr. Res., 6, 497, 10.1016/0008-8846(76)90078-8 Buttler, 1982, The Rate and extent of reaction between calcium hydroxide and pulverised fuel ash, vol. 1, 71 Massazza, 1980, Pozzolanas and pozzolanic cements, 3 Rodger, 1988, The microstructure of tricalcium silicate/pulverized fuel ash blended cement pastes, Advances in Cement Research, 1, 84, 10.1680/adcr.1988.1.2.84 Turriziani, 1954, Prodotti di reazione dell'idrato di calcio con la pozzolna: I, La Ricerca Scientifica, 8, 1709 Tavasci, 1948, Struttura della malta di calce e pozzolana di Bacoli, Il Cemento — Rivista Tecnica della Costruzione, 8–9, 114 Millet, 1974, Etude minéralogique des pâtes pouzzolanes-chaux, Bull. Liaison Labo. P. et Ch., 74, 59 Amicarelli, 1966, Attività ‘pozzolanica’ dei prodotti piroclastici ‘argillificati’, vol. XXXIII, 257 Dron, 1974, Experimental and theoretical study of the CaOAl2O3SiO2H2O systems, 16 Turriziani, 1954, Malte di pozzolana, calce e solfato di calcio: I, La Ricerca Scientifica, 9, 1895 Parissi, 1944, Il controllo delle pozzolane, Il Cemento Armato — Le Industrie del Cemento, 45 Aitcin, 1986, Comparative study of the cementitious properties of different fly ashes, vol. 1, 91 Massazza, 1962, Ricerche sulla preparazione di calci idrauliche artificiali utilizzando le ceneri volanti del carbone Sulcis — Nota I, Il Calore, 1/2, 9 Massazza, 1962, Ricerche sulla preparazione di calci idrauliche artificiali utilizzando le ceneri volanti del carbone Sulcis — Nota I, Il Calore, 1/2, 58 Government Decree of 31 August 1972, Norme sui requisiti di accettazione e modalità di prova degli agglomerati cementizi e delle calci idrauliche Carles-Gibergues, 1980, Mécanisme d'hydratation d;une cendre de lignite calcaire, vol. III, IV Buck, 1981, Characterization and reactivity of silica fume, 279 Grutzeck, 1983, Mechanism of hydration of condensed silica fume in calcium hydroxide solutions, vol. 2, 643 Malquori, 1943, Azione della calce sul caolino disidratato e sulle pozzolane naturali, La Ricerca Scientifica ed il Progresso Tecnico, 2–3, 85 Murat, 1983, Hydration reaction and hardening of calcined clays and related minerals: I – Preliminary investigation on metakaolinite, Cem. Concr. Res., 13, 259, 10.1016/0008-8846(83)90109-6 Tognon, 1981, Combined lime and specific surface area of the hydration products of lime-pozzolana and lime-fly ash mixes, 145 Turriziani, 1958, Les pouzzolanes Italiennes et les ciments pouzzolaniques: II, Silicates Industriels, 23, 265 Sullentrup, 1983, High lime fly ash as a cementing agent, 321 Massazza, 1979, Aspetti dell'attività pozzolanica e proprietà dei cementi pozzolanici, Il Cemento, 1, 3 Abdul-Maula, 1981, Hydration reactions in fly-ash-portland cements, 102 Diamond, 1989, Evidence for minimal pozzolanic reaction in a fly ash cement during the period of major strength development, 437 Chatterji, 1982, Puzzolanic activity of byproduct silica-fume from ferro-silicon production, Cem. Concr. Res., 12, 781, 10.1016/0008-8846(82)90042-4 Nelson, 1977, Additions of colloidal silicas and silicates to portland cement pastes, Cem. Concr. Res., 7, 277, 10.1016/0008-8846(77)90089-8 Cheng-Yi, 1985, Hydration reactions in portland cement-silica fume blends, Cem. Concr. Res., 15, 585, 10.1016/0008-8846(85)90056-0 Government Decree of 3 June 1968, Nuove norme sui requisiti di accettazione e modalità di prova dei cementi 1987 Mohan, 1981, Pastes of tricalcium silicate with fly ash — Analytical electron microscopy, trimethylsilylation and other studies, 54 Dalziel, 1986, The influence of pulverized-fuel ash upon the hydration characteristics and certain physical properties of a portland cement paste, Cement and Concrete Association — Technical Report 560, 28 Copeland, 1969, Hydration of portland cement, vol. II, 387 Meland, 1983, Influence of condensed silica fume and fly ash on the heat evolution in cement pastes, vol. 1, 665 Turriziani, 1954, Osservazioni su alcuni criteri di valutazione dei cementi pozzolanici, Annali di Chimica Applicata, XLIV, 787 Grutzeck, 1981, Hydration mechanisms of high-lime fly ash in portland-cement composites, 92 Massazza, 1983, Trimethylsilylation in the study of pozzolana-containing pastes, Il Cemento, 1, 49 Hooton, 1986, Permeability and pore structure of cement pastes containing fly ash, slag, and silica fume, 128 Costa, 1983, Some properties of pozzolanic cements containing fly ashes, vol. 1, 235 Roy, 1989, Fly ash and silica fume chemistry and hydration, Vol. 1, 117 Massazza, 1991, Microstructure of hydrated pozzolanic cements Ogawa, 1980, The mechanism of the hydration in the system C3S pozzolana, Cem. Concr. Res., 10, 683, 10.1016/0008-8846(80)90032-0 Tavasci, 1949, Struttura del cemento pozzolanico idrato, La Chimica e l'Industria, 31, 392 Ghose, 1981, Studies of the hydration reactions and microstructure of cement-flyash pastes, 82 Diamond, 1980, The occurence of duplex film on fly ash surface, Cem. Concr. Res., 10, 297, 10.1016/0008-8846(80)90086-1 Costa, 1987, Permeabilità di paste di cemento portland e pozzolanico: relazione con la tessitura porosa, vol. 1, 67 Manmohan, 1981, Influence of pozzolanic, slag and chemical admixtures on pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement paste, Cement, Concrete and Aggregates, 3, 63, 10.1520/CCA10203J Feldman, 1981, Pore structure formation during hydration of fly-ash and slag cement blend, 124 Feldman, 1981, Pore structure formation during hydration of fly-ash and slag cement blend, 124 Italcementi, 1990, Laboratorio Chimico Centrale — Internal Report Costa, 1987, Remarks on the determination of the pore distribution of portland and pozzolanic cement pastes, 159 Feldman, 1983, Significance of porosity measurements on blended cement performance, vol. 1, 415 Feldman, 1984, Pore structure damage in blended cements caused by mercury intrusion, Journal of the Amer. Ceram. Soc., 67, 30, 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1984.tb19142.x Costa, 1990, Permeability and pore structure of cement paste, Materials Engineering, 1, 459 Massazza, 1988, Microscopic structure and concrete durability, 12 Massazza, 1979, Aspetti dell'attività pozzolanica e proprietà dei cementi pozzolanici, Il Cemento, 1, 18 Giergiczny, 1989, Influence of fineness of fly ashes on their hydraulic activity, vol. 1, 97 Sybertz, 1989, Comparison of different methods for testing the pozzolanic activity of fly ashes, vol. 1, 477 Abdul-Maula, 1981, Hydration reactions in fly-ash-portland cements, 102 Asgeirsson, 1979, Pozzolanic activity of silica dust, Cement and Concrete Research, 9, 249, 10.1016/0008-8846(79)90031-0 Kohno, 1989, Relative durability properties and strengths of mortars containing finely ground silica and silica fume, vol. 1, 815 Chatterji, 1983, Pozzolanic property of natural and synthetic pozzolans: A comparative study, vol. I, 221 Costa, 1981, Natural pozzolanas and fly ashes: Analogies and differences, 134 Watt, 1966, The composition and pozzolanic properties of pulverised fuel ashes: III — Pozzolanic properties of fly ashes as determined by chemical methods, J. Appl. Chem., 16, 33, 10.1002/jctb.5010160201 Delvasto, 1986, Pozzolanic activity and characteristics of Colombian materials, vol. 1, 77 Regourd, 1983, Use of condensed silica fume as filler in blended cements, vol. I, 847 Costa, 1983, Some properties of pozzolanic cements containing fly ashes, vol. I, 235 Hooton, 1986, Permeability and pore structure of cement pastes containing fly ash, slag, and silica fume,, 128 Cabrera, 1980, The influence of pulverized fuel ash on the early and long term strength of concrete, vol. 3 Maage, 1986, Strength and heat development in concrete: Influence of fly ash and condensed silica fume, vol. 2, 923 Sandvik, 1986, Effect of condensed silica fume on strength development of concrete, vol. 2, 893 Ronne, 1989, Effect of condensed silica fume and fly ash on compressive strength development of concrete, vol. 1, 175 Yuan, 1983, Study of a class C fly ash concrete, vol. I, 307 Day, 1984, Examination of the use of high proportions of high-lime content fly ash in construction, 377 Papayianni, 1986, Strength and bond data for Greek high-lime fly ash concrete, vol. 1, 367 Sellevold, 1983, Condensed silica fume (microsilica) in concrete: Water demand and strength development, vol. II, 677 Thomas, 1989, The effect of curing on the strength and permeability of PFA concrete, vol. 1, 191 Hansen, 1990, Long-term strength of high fly ash concretes, Cement and Concrete Research, 20, 193, 10.1016/0008-8846(90)90071-5 Ukita, 1989, Improvements in the properties of concrete utilizing classified Fly Ash, vol. 1, 219 Sri Ravindrarajah, 1989, Properties of concrete containing low-calcium fly ash under hot and humid climate, vol. 1, 139 Carette, 1983, Early-age strength development of concrete incorporating fly ash and condensed silica fume, vol. I, 765 Hobbs, 1983, Influence of fly ash upon the workability and early strength of concrete, vol. I, 289 Swamy, 1986, Mix proportions and strength characteristics of concrete containing 50 percent low-calcium fly ash, vol. 1, 413 Swamy, 1989, Shrinkage and creep behaviour of high fly ash content concrete, vol. 1, 453 Kropp, 1983, Influence of carbonation on the structure of hardened cement paste and water transport, 153 Odman, 1968, Effects of variations in volume, surface area exposed to drying, and composition of concrete on shrinkage, 20 Cripwell, 1984, Time-dependent properties of concrete containing pulverized fuel ash and a superplasticizer, 313 Verbeck, 1958, Carbonation of hydrated portland cement, 17 Arber, 1961, Inhibition of the corrosion of steel embedded in mortar, Australian Journal of Applied Science, 12, 330 Regourd, 1976, Carbonation acceleree et resistance des ciments aux eaux agressives, 5.3 Meyer, 1969, Investigations on the carbonation of concrete, vol. III, 394 Sellevold, E.J., Nilsen, T., Condensed silica fume in concrete: A world review, in Supplementary Cementing Materials for Concrete 1987, ed. V.M. Malhotra, Minister of Supply and Services Canada 165–243 Ho, 1983, Carbonation of concrete incorporating fly ash or a chemical admixture, vol. I, 333 Kasai, 1983, Air permeability and carbonation of blended cement mortars, vol. I, 435 Paillere, 1986, Carbonation of concrete with low-calcium fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag: Influence of air-entraining agents and freezing-and-thawing cycles, vol. 1, 541 Vennesland, 1983, Silica concrete — protection against corrosion of embedded steel, vol. II, 719 Skjolsvold, 1986, Carbonation depths of concrete with and without condensed silica fume, vol. 2, 1031 Massazza, 1991, Pozzolanic cements: an answer to durability problems, Vol. 4 Nagataki, 1986, Effect of curing conditions on the carbonation of concrete with fly ash and the corrosion of reinforcement in long-term tests, vol. 1, 521 Matthews, 1984, Carbonation of ten-year old concretes with and without pulverised fuel ash, 398 Matthews, 1984, Carbonation of ten-year old concretes with and without pulverised fuel ash, 12 Yamato, 1989, Chemical resistance of concrete containing condensed silica fume, vol. 2, 897 Lea, 1970, The Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, 727 Santarelli, 1949, Contributo allo studio della resistenza chimica dei cementi al dilavamento da parte di acque pure, L'Industria Italiana del Cemento, 4, 100 Santarelli, 1949, Contributo allo studio della resistenza chimica dei cementi al dilavamento da parte di acque pure, L'Industria Italiana del Cemento, 5, 126 Goggi, 1960, Ulteriori progressi nel controllo del dilavamento dei cementi da parte di acque pure, L'Industria Italiana del Cemento, 12, 394 Bertacchi, 1969, Deterioration of concrete caused by carbonic acid, vol. 4 Backes, 1986, Carbonic acid corrosion of mortars containing fly ash, vol. 1, 621 Ballim, 1990, Carbonic acid water attack of portland cement-based concretes, 179 Maultzsch, 1984, Vorgänge beim Angriff von Chloridlösungen auf Zementstein und Beton, Material und Technik, 3, 83 Rechberger, 1985, Electrochemical determination of chloride diffusion coefficients, Zement Kalk Gips, 11, 679 Chatterji, 1978, Mechanism of tee CaCl2 attack on portland cement concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 8, 461, 10.1016/0008-8846(78)90026-1 Feldman, 1985, Resistance of mortars containing silica fume to attack by a solution containing chlorides, Cement and Concrete Research, 15, 411, 10.1016/0008-8846(85)90114-0 Turriziani, 1954, Osservazioni su alcuni criteri di valutazione dei cementi pozzolanici, Annali di Chimica Applicata, 44, 787 Diamond, 1986, Chloride concentrations in concrete pore solutions resulting from calcium and sodium chloride admixtures, Cement and Concrete Aggregates, 8, 97, 10.1520/CCA10062J Collepardi, 1972, La Penetrazione degli agenti anti-gelo nelle paste di cemento, Il Cemento, 3, 143 Cussino, 1987, Cemento pozzolanico per calcestruzzi durabili ad elevata resistenza Lukas, 1981, Chloride penetration in standard concrete, water-reduced concrete, and superplasticized concrete, 253 Gebler, 1986, Effect of fly ash on the durability of air-entrained concrete, vol. 1, 483 Roy, 1986, Diffusion of chloride and cesium ions in portland cement pastes and mortars containing blast furnace slag and fly ash, vol. 2, 1423 Plante, 1989, Rapid chloride ion permeability test: Data on concretes incorporating supplmentary cementing materials, vol. 1, 625 Marusin, 1986, Chloride ion penetration in conventional concrete and concrete containing condensed silica fume, vol. 2, 1119 Kumar, 1986, Retardation of Cs+ and Cl− diffusion using blended cement admixtures, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 69, 356, 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1986.tb04747.x Gautefall, 1989, Effect of condensed silica fume on the mechanism of chloride diffusion into hardened cement [aste, vol. 2, 849 Gautefall, 1986, Effect of condensed silica fume on the diffusion of chlorides through hardened cement paste, vol. 2, 991 Collepardi, 1970, La cinetica di penetrazione degli ioni cloruro nel calcestruzzo, Il Cemento, 4, 157 Byfors, 1987, Influence of silica fume and flyash on chloride diffusion and pH values in cement paste, Cement and Concrete Research, 17, 115, 10.1016/0008-8846(87)90066-4 Hansson, 1985, The Effect of Cement Type on the Diffusion of Chloride, Nordic Concrete Research Publication No. 4, 70 Collepardi, 1972, Penetration of chloride ions into cement pastes and concretes, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 55, 534, 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb13424.x Page, 1981, Diffusion of chloride ions in hardened cement pastes, Cement and Concrete Research, 11, 395, 10.1016/0008-8846(81)90111-3 Dunstan, E.R., Performance of lignite and sub-bituminous fly ash in concrete — A progress report, Report REC-ERC-76-1 — U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 1976. Quoted in Berry, E.E., Malhotra, V.M., Supplementary Cementing Materials for Concrete 1987, ed. V.M. Malhotra, 117 and 159 Manz, 1986, Effectiveness of western U.S. high-lime fly ash for use in concrete, vol. 1, 347 Smith, 1986, Recent developments in the use of fly ash to reduce alkali-aggregate reaction, 58 Greco, 1951, Constatazioni recenti e precauzioni nuove nei riguardi della decomposizionedelle malte e dei conglomerati cementizi nell'acqua di mare, Giornale del Genio Civile, 3 Guyot, 1983, Comparison of the resistance to sulfate solutions and to sea water of different portland cements with or without secondary constituents, vol. I, 453 Gjorv, 1979, Diffusion of chloride ions from seawater into concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 9, 229, 10.1016/0008-8846(79)90029-2 Thomas, 1990, A comparison of the properties of OPC and PFA concretes in 30-year-old mass concrete structures, 179 Nixon, 1981, The use of flyash and granulated blastfurnace slag to reduce expansion due to alkali-aggregate reaction, S232 Hobbs, 1981, Expansion due to alkali-silica reaction and the influence of pulverised fuel ash, S252 Oberholster, 1981, The effectiveness of mineral admixtures in reducing expansion due to alkali-aggregate reaction with Malmesbury Group aggregates, S252 Hobbs, 1982, Influence of pulverized-fuel ash and granulated blastfurnace slag upon expaansion caused by the alkali-silica reaction, Magazine of Concrete Research, 34, 83, 10.1680/macr.1982.34.119.83 Mehta, 1981, Studies on blended portland cements containing Santorin earth, Cement and Concrete Research, 11, 507, 10.1016/0008-8846(81)90080-6 Massazza, 1987, Il ruolo delle aggiunte al cemento nella durabilità del calcestruzzo, Il Cemento, 4, 359 Chatterji, 1979, The role of Ca(OH)2 in the breakdown of portland cement concrete due to alkali-silica reaction, Cement and Concrete Research, 9, 185, 10.1016/0008-8846(79)90024-3 Chatterji, 1983, Studies of alkali-silica reaction with special reference to prevention of damage to concrete, A preliminary study, 253 Mehta, P.K., Natural pozzolans, in Supplementary Cementing Materials for Concrete 1987, ed. V.M. Malhotra, Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1–33 Yamato, 1986, Strength and freezing-and-thawing resistance of concrete incorporating condensed silica fume, vol. 1, 1095 Galeota, 1991, Freezing and thawing resistance of non air-entrained and air-entrained concretes containing a high percentage of condensed silica fume, Vol. 1, 249 Massazza, 1991, Durability of pozzolanic cements and Italian experience in mass concrete