Generation of Hawaiian post-erosional lavas by melting of a mixed lherzolite/pyroxenite source

Zindler, 1984, Isotope and trace element geochemistry of young Pacific seamounts: implications for the scale of upper mantle heterogeneity, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 70, 175, 10.1016/0012-821X(84)90004-9 Allègre, 1986, Implications of a two-component marble-cake mantle, Nature, 323, 123, 10.1038/323123a0 Grahm, 1988, He, Pb, Sr and Nd isotope constraints on magma genesis and mantle heterogeneity beneath young Pacific seamounts, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 99, 446, 10.1007/BF00371936 Prinzhofer, 1989, Stochastic melting of the marble cake mantle: evidence from local study of the East Pacific Rise at 12°50′N, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 92, 189, 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90046-0 BenOthman, 1990, U–Th isotopic systematics at 13°N east Pacific Ridge segment, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 98, 129, 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90092-C Yasuda, 1994, Melting phase relations of an anhydrous mid-ocean ridge basalt from 3 to 20 GPa: implications for the behavior of subducted oceanic crust in the mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 9401, 10.1029/93JB03205 Hirschmann, 1996, A possible role for garnet pyroxenite in the origin of the ‘garnet signature’ in MORB, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 124, 185, 10.1007/s004100050184 Sigmarsson, 1998, Systematics of U-series nuclides in primitive lavas from the 1730-36 eruption on Lanzarote, Canary Islands, and implications for the role of garnet pyroxenites during oceanic basalt formations, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 162, 137, 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00162-9 Yang, 1998, Mid-ocean ridge melting: Constraints from lithospheric xenoliths at Oahu, Hawaii, J. Petrol., 39, 277, 10.1093/petrology/39.2.277 Chen, 1985, Trace element and isotopic geochemistry of lavas from Haleakala Volcano, East Maui, Hawaii: Implications for the origin of Hawaiian basalts, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 8743, 10.1029/JB090iB10p08743 Reisberg, 1991, The Re–Os systematics of the Rhonda Ultramafic Complex of southern Spain, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 105, 196, 10.1016/0012-821X(91)90131-Z Roy-Barman, 1996, Os isotopes in orogenic lherzolite massifs and mantle heterogeneities, Chem. Geol., 130, 55, 10.1016/0009-2541(96)00002-2 Kumar, 1996, A major and trace element and strontium, neodymium and osmium isotopic study of a thick pyroxenite layer from the Beni Bousera Ultramafic Complex of northern Morocco, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 1429, 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00443-2 Roy-Barman, 1994, 186Os/188Os ratios of mid-ocean ridge basalts and abyssal peridotites, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 5043, 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90230-5 Snow, 1995, Erattum of ‘Os isotopic systematics of the MORB mantle: results from altered abyssal peridotites’, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 136, 723, 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00165-9 Meisel, 1996, The osmium isotopic composition of the Earth’s primitive upper mantle, Nature, 383, 517, 10.1038/383517a0 Brandon, 1998, Coupled 186Os and 187Os Evidence for Core-Mantle Interaction, Science, 280, 1570, 10.1126/science.280.5369.1570 D.A. Clague, Hawaiian alkaline volcanism, in: J.G. Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Eds.), Alkaline Igneous Rocks, Geol. Soc. Special Pub. 30, 1987, pp. 227–252. Chauvel, 1997, Contrasting old and young volcanism in Rurutu Island, Austral chain, Chem. Geol., 139, 125, 10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00029-6 Roden, 1984, Geochemistry of tholeiitic and alkalic lavas from the Koolau Range, Oahu, Hawaii: implications for Hawaiian volcanism, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69, 141, 10.1016/0012-821X(84)90079-7 Clague, 1988, Age and petrology of alkalic postshield and rejuvenated-stage lava from Kauai, Hawaii, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 99, 202, 10.1007/BF00371461 Maaløe, 1992, The Koloa Volcanic Suite of Kauai, Hawaii, J. Petrol., 33, 761, 10.1093/petrology/33.4.761 Clague, 1990, Pliocene and Pleistocene alkalic flood basalts on the seafloor north of the Hawaiian islands, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 98, 175, 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90058-6 Dixon, 1997, Volatiles in alkalic basalts from the North Arch volcanic field, Hawaii: Extensive degassing of deep submarine-erupted alkalic series lavas, J. Petrol., 36, 911, 10.1093/petrology/38.7.911 F.A. Frey, D. Clague, J. Mahoney and J. Sinton, Volcanism at the edge of the Hawaiian plume: Petrogenesis of submarine alkalic lavas from the North Arch volcanic field, J. Petrol. (in press). Clague, 1982, Petrology and trace element geochemistry of the Honolulu Volcanics, Oahu: implications for the oceanic mantle below Hawaii, J. Petrol., 23, 447, 10.1093/petrology/23.3.447 Class, 1997, Plume–lithosphere interactions in the ocean basins: constraints from the source mineralogy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 150, 245, 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00089-7 Gurriet, 1987, A thermal model for the origin of post-erosional alkalic lava, Hawaii, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 82, 153, 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90115-4 Liu, 1991, Evolution of Hawaiian basalts: a hotspot melting model, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 151, 10.1016/0012-821X(91)90201-R Hauri, 1994, Fluid dynamic and geochemical aspects of entrainment in mantle plumes, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24275, 10.1029/94JB01257 Ribe, 1999, The dynamical origin of Hawaiian volcanism, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 171, 517, 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00179-X Carlson, 1994, Depletion and enrichment history of subcontinental lithospheric mantle: an Os, Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic study of ultramafic xenoliths from the northwestern Wyoming Craton, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 126, 457, 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90124-4 Shirey, 1995, Carius tube digestions for low-blank rhenium–osmium analysis, Anal. Chem., 67, 2136, 10.1021/ac00109a036 Cohen, 1996, Separation of osmium from geologic materials by solvent extraction for analysis by TIMS, Anal. Chim. Acta, 332, 269, 10.1016/0003-2670(96)00226-7 Walker, 1988, Low-blank chemical separation of rhenium and osmium from gram quantities of silicate rock for measurement by resonance ionization mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 60, 1231, 10.1021/ac00162a026 Hauri, 1993, Re–Os isotope systematics of HIMU and EMII oceanic island basalts from the south Pacific Ocean, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 114, 353, 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90036-9 Reiners, 1998, Temporal-compositional-isotopic trends in rejuvinated-stage magmas of Kauai, Hawaii, and implications for mantle melting processes, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 2347, 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00141-0 Widom, 1999, Os-isotope systematics in the Canary Islands and Madeira: lithospheric contamination and mantle plume signatures, J. Petrol., 40, 279, 10.1093/petrology/40.2.279 Martin, 1994, Os isotopic variation in basalts from Haleakala Volcano, Maui, Hawaii: a record of magmatic processes in oceanic mantle and crust, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 128, 287, 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90151-1 Hauri, 1996, Osmium isotope systematics of drilled lavas from Mauna Loa, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 11793, 10.1029/95JB03346 Johnston, 1984, A highly oxidized ferrian salite-kennedunite-, forsterite-, and rhoenite-bearing alkali gabbro from Kauai, Hawaii, and its mantle xenoliths, Am. Mineral., 69, 57 Jackson, 1970, Xenoliths in the Honolulu volcanic series, Hawaii, J. Petrol., 11, 405, 10.1093/petrology/11.2.405 Vance, 1989, He, Sr, and Nd isotopes in xenoliths from Hawaii and other oceanic islands, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 96, 147, 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90129-5 O. Okano and M. Tatsumoto, Petrogenesis of ultramafic xenoliths from Hawaii inferred from Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes, in: A. Basu and S. Hart (Eds.), Earth Processes: Reading the Isotopic Code, AGU Geophys. Monog. 95, 1996, pp. 135–147. Frey, 1980, The origin of pyroxenites and garnet pyroxenites from Salt Lake Crater, Oahu, Hawaii: Trace element evidence, Am. J. Sci., 280-A, 427 Sen, 1988, Petrogenesis of spinel lherzolite and pyroxenite suite xenoliths from the Koolau shield, Oahu, Hawaii: Implications for petrology of the post-eruptive lithosphere beneath Oahu, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 100, 61, 10.1007/BF00399440 Sen, 1991, Iron-rich lherzolitic xenoliths from Oahu: origin and implications for Hawaiian magma sources, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 102, 45, 10.1016/0012-821X(91)90016-B Sen, 1993, Evolution of the lithosphere beneath Oahu, Hawaii: rare earth element abundances in mantle xenoliths, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 119, 53, 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90006-U Lassiter, 1998, Osmium-isotope variations in Hawaiian lavas: evidence for recycled oceanic lithosphere in the Hawaiian plume, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 164, 483, 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00240-4 Righter, 1998, Compatibility of rhenium in garnet during mantle melting and magma genesis, Science, 280, 1737, 10.1126/science.280.5370.1737 Roy-Barman, 1998, Osmium isotopic compositions and Re–Os concentrations in sulfide globules from basaltic glasses, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 154, 331, 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00180-5 Schiano, 1997, Osmium–strontium–neodymium–lead isotopic covariations in mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses and the heterogeneity of the upper mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 150, 363, 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00098-8 Hauri, 1997, Rhenium abundances and systematics in oceanic basalts, Chem. Geol., 139, 185, 10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00035-1 Reisberg, 1993, Os isotope systematics in ocean island basalts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 120, 149, 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90236-3 Widom, 1996, Os isotope systematics in the Azores: implications for mantle plume sources, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 451, 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00111-2 Niida, 1999, Stability and chemical composition of pargasitic amphibole in MORB pyrolite under upper mantle conditions, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 135, 18, 10.1007/s004100050495 Foley, 1993, An experimental study of olivine lamproite: First results from the diamond stability field, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 57, 483, 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90448-6 Sato, 1997, Phase relations of natural phlogopite with and without enstatite up to 8 GPa: implications for mantle metasomatism, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 146, 511, 10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00246-4 Hirose, 1997, Partial melt compositions of carbonated peridotite at 3 GPa and the role of CO2 in alkali-basalt generation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 2837, 10.1029/97GL02956 Halliday, 1995, Incompatible trace elements in OIB and MORB and source enrichment in the sub-oceanic mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 133, 379, 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00097-V Handler, 1997, The persistence of off-cratonic lithospheric mantle: Os isotopic systematics of variably metasomatized southeast Australian xenoliths, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 151, 61, 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00118-0 Hauri, 1993, Evidence for hotspot-related carbonatite metasomatism in the oceanic upper mantle, Nature, 365, 221, 10.1038/365221a0 Brandon, 1999, Isotopic constraints on time scales and mechanisms of slab material transport in the mantle wedge: evidence from the Simcoe mantle xenoliths, Washington, USA, Chem. Geol., 160, 387, 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00109-6 Johnston, 1986, Anhydrous P–T phase relations of near-primary high-alumina basalt from the South Sandwich Islands, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 92, 368, 10.1007/BF00572166 Rapp, 1995, Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8–32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling, J. Petrol., 36, 891, 10.1093/petrology/36.4.891 Pertermann, 1999, Partial melting experiments on a MORB-like pyroxenite at 3.0 GPa and 1300°C–1500°C, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 80, 1112 Garcia, 1987, Glass in garnet pyroxenite xenoliths from Kaula Island. Hawaii: Product of infiltration of host nephelinite, Geology, 15, 904, 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<904:GIGPXF>2.0.CO;2 Sen, 1996, Significance of rare hydrous alkaline melts in Hawaiian xenoliths, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 122, 415, 10.1007/s004100050137 A. Stracke, V.J.M. Salters and K.W.W. Sims, Assessing the presence of garnet-pyroxenite in the mantle sources of basalts through combined hafnium–neodymium–thorium isotope systematics, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1 (1999) Paper number 1999GC000013. W. Todt, R.A. Cliff, A. Hanser and A.W. Hofmann, Evaluation of a 202Pb–205Pb double spike for high-precision lead isotope analysis, in: A. Basu and S. Hart (Eds.), Earth Processes: Reading the Isotopic Code, AGU Geophys. Monogr. 95, Washington, DC, 1996, pp. 429–437.