Creation of a processed pseudogene by retroviral infection

Adkins, 1981, Identification of a packaged cellular mRNA in virions of Rous sarcoma virus, J. Virol., 39, 471, 10.1128/JVI.39.2.471-480.1981 Akiyama, 1974, Two cell lines from lymphomas of Marek's disease, Biken J., 17, 105 Baltimore, 1970, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumor viruses, Nature, 226, 1209, 10.1038/2261209a0 Baltimore, 1985, Retroviruses and retrotransposons: the role of reverse transcription in shaping the eukaryotic genome, Cell, 40, 481, 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90190-4 Bernstein, 1983, Pseudogenes for human small nuclear RNA U3 appear to arise by integration of self-primed reverse transcripts of the RNA into new chromosomal sites, Cell, 32, 461, 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90466-X Bishop, 1970, The low molecular weight RNAs of Rous sarcoma virus. II. The 7S RNA, Virology, 42, 927, 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90341-7 Boeke, 1985, Ty elements transpose through an RNA intermediate, Cell, 40, 491, 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90197-7 Boone, 1981, Viral DNA synthesized in vitro by avian retrovirus particles permeabilized with melittin. I. Kinetics of synthesis and size of minus- and plus-strand transcripts, J. Virol., 37, 109, 10.1128/JVI.37.1.109-116.1981 Boshart, 1985, A very strong enhancer is located upstream of an immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus, Cell, 41, 521, 10.1016/S0092-8674(85)80025-8 Canaani, 1983, Activation of the c-mos oncogene in a mouse plasmacytoma by insertion of an endogenous intracisternal A-particle genome, 80, 7118 Chen, 1985, Reverse transcription of 7S L RNA by an avian retrovirus, J. Virol., 54, 278, 10.1128/JVI.54.2.278-284.1985 Chambers, 1986, Characterization of Rous sarcoma virus-related sequences in the Japanese quail, J. Virol., 59, 163, 10.1128/JVI.59.2.354-362.1986 Clare, 1985, Nucleotide sequence of a yeast Ty element: evidence for an unusual mechanism of gene expression, 82, 2829 Coffin, 1984, Structure of the retroviral genome, 261 Coffin, 1985, Genome structure, 17 Cullen, 1986, Trans-activation of human immunodeficiency virus occurs via a bimodal mechanism, Cell, 46, 973, 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90696-3 Donehower, 1984, A mutant murine leukemia virus with a single missense codon in pol is defective in a function affecting integration, 80, 6745 Dugaiczyk, 1983, Cloning and sequencing of a deoxyribonucleic acid copy of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase messenger ribonucleic acid isolated from chicken muscle, Biochemistry, 22, 1605, 10.1021/bi00276a013 Dunwiddie, 1985, Presence of retrovirus reverse transcriptase-related gene sequences in avian cells lacking endogenous avian leukosis viruses, 82, 5097 Dunwiddie, 1986, Molecular cloning and characterization of gag-, pol-, and env-related sequences in the ev(-) chicken, J. Virol., 59, 669, 10.1128/JVI.59.3.669-675.1986 Duyk, 1985, Circles with two tandem long terminal repeats are specifically cleaved by pol gene-associated endonuclease from avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses: nucleotide sequences required for site-specific cleavage, J. Virol., 56, 589, 10.1128/JVI.56.2.589-599.1985 Gallis, 1979, An avian oncovirus mutant deficient in genomic RNA: characterization of the packaged RNA as cellular messenger RNA, Virology, 94, 146, 10.1016/0042-6822(79)90445-8 Gilboa, 1979, A detailed model of reverse transcription and tests of crucial aspects, Cell, 18, 93, 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90357-X Golomb, 1981, Virus-coded DNA endonuclease from avian retrovirus, J. Virol., 38, 548, 10.1128/JVI.38.2.548-555.1981 Gorman, 1983, High efficiency DNA-mediated transformation of primate cells, Science, 221, 551, 10.1126/science.6306768 Graham, 1973, A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA, Virology, 42, 456, 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3 Greenberg, 1985, Acquisition of an intracisternal A-particle element by a translocated c-myc gene in a murine plasma cell tumor, Mol. Cell. Biol., 5, 3625, 10.1128/MCB.5.12.3625 Ikawa, 1974, An association between globin messenger RNA and 60S RNA derived from Friend leukemia virus, 71, 1154 Kawai, 1984, Characterization of a Rous sarcoma virus mutant defective in packaging its own genomic RNA: biological properties of mutant TK15 and mutant-induced transformants, J. Virol., 51, 147, 10.1128/JVI.51.1.147-153.1984 Levinson, 1970, Presence of DNA in Rous sarcoma virus, Nature, 227, 1023, 10.1038/2271023a0 Linial, 1984, Genetics of retroviruses, 649 Linial, 1978, An avian oncovirus mutant (SE21Q1b) deficient in genomic RNA: biological and biochemical characterization, Cell, 15, 1371, 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90062-4 Linial, 1985, Enhanced transcription of c-myc in bursal lymphoma cells requires continuous protein synthesis, Science, 230, 1126, 10.1126/science.2999973 Maniatis, 1982 Moscovici, 1977, Continuous tissue culture cell lines derived from chemically induced tumors of Japanese quail, Cell, 11, 95, 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90320-8 Neumann, 1982, Gene transfer into mouse lymphoma cells by electroporation in high electric fields, EMBO J., 1, 841, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01257.x Panganiban, 1984, Circles with two tandem LTRs are precursors to integrated retrovirus DNAs, Cell, 36, 673, 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90347-7 Panganiban, 1984, The retrovirus pol gene encodes a product required for DNA replication: identification of a retrovirus int locus, 81, 7885 Pfeiffer, 1983, Involvement of reverse transcription in the replication of cauliflower mosaic virus: a detailed model and test of some aspects, Cell, 33, 781, 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90020-X Resnick, 1984, Involvement of retrovirus reverse transcriptase-associated RNaseH in the initiation of strong stop (+) DNA synthesis and the generation of the long terminal repeat, J. Virol., 51, 813, 10.1128/JVI.51.3.813-821.1984 Saigo, 1984, Identification of the coding sequence for a reverse transcriptase-like enzyme in a transposable genetic element in Drosophila melanogaster, Nature, 312, 659, 10.1038/312659a0 Schwartzberg, 1984, Construction and analysis of deletion mutations in the pol gene of Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA molecule containing an inverted segment: implications for retrovirus integration, 77, 3932 Shank, 1980, An avian oncovirus mutant (SE21Q1b) deficient in genomic RNA: characterization of a deletion in the provirus, J. Virol., 36, 450, 10.1128/JVI.36.2.450-456.1980 Sharp, 1983, Conversion of RNA to DNA in mammals: Alu-like elements and pseudogenes, Nature, 301, 471, 10.1038/301471a0 Southern, 1982, Transformation of mammalian cells to antibiotic resistance with a bacterial gene under control of the SV40 early region promoter, J. Mol. Appl. Genet., 1, 327 Summers, 1982, Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B-like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate, Cell, 29, 403, 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90157-X Taylor, 1977, An analysis of the role of tRNA species as primers for the transcription into DNA of RNA tumor virus genomes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 473, 57 Taylor, 1984, A defective retrovirus particle (SE21Q1b) packages and reverse transcribes cellular RNA, utilizing tRNA-like primers, J. Virol., 51, 267, 10.1128/JVI.51.2.267-271.1984 Temin, 1985, Reverse transcription in the eukaryotic genome: retroviruses, pararetroviruses, retrotransposons, and retrotranscripts, Mol. Biol. Evol., 2, 455 Temin, 1970, RNA-directed DNA polymerase in virions of Rous sarcoma virus, Nature, 226, 1211, 10.1038/2261211a0 Van Arsdell, 1984, Pseudogenes for human U2 small nuclear RNA do not have a fixed site of 3′ truncation, Nucl. Acids Res., 12, 1463, 10.1093/nar/12.3.1463 Vanin, 1984, Processed pseudogenes: characteristics and evolution, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 782, 231, 10.1016/0167-4781(84)90057-5 Varmus, 1985, Replication of retroviruses, 75 Walter, 1982, Signal recognition particle contains a 7S RNA essential for protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum, Nature, 299, 691, 10.1038/299691a0 Weiner, 1986, Nonviral retroposons: genes, pseudogenes, and transposable elements generated by the reverse flow of genetic information, Ann. Rev. Biochem., 55, 631, 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.003215 Ymer, 1985, Constitutive synthesis of interleukin-3 by leukaemia cell line WEHI-3B is due to retroviral insertion near the gene, Nature, 317, 255, 10.1038/317255a0