Phthalates and neurotoxic effects on hippocampal network plasticity

Afshari, 2004, Emission of phthalates from PVC and other materials, Indoor Air, 14, 120, 10.1046/j.1600-0668.2003.00220.x Ainge, 2012, Ontogeny of neural circuits underlying spatial memory in the rat, Front Neural Circuits, 6 Akingbemi, 2004, Phthalate-induced Leydig cell hyperplasia is associated with multiple endocrine disturbances, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101, 775, 10.1073/pnas.0305977101 Akingbemi, 2001, Modulation of rat Leydig cell steroidogenic function by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, Biol Reprod, 65, 1252, 10.1095/biolreprod65.4.1252 Altemus, 1997, Neonatal hippocampal damage in rats: Long-term spatial memory deficits and associations with magnitude of hippocampal damage, Hippocampus, 7, 403, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1997)7:4<403::AID-HIPO6>3.0.CO;2-J Altman, 1965, Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats, J Comp Neurol, 124, 319, 10.1002/cne.901240303 Amaral, 1981, Development of the mossy fibers of the dentate gyrus: I. A light and electron microscopic study of the mossy fibers and their expansions, J Comp Neurol, 195, 51, 10.1002/cne.901950106 Amaral, 1989, The three-dimensional organization of the hippocampal formation: a reivew of anatomical data, Neuroscience, 31, 571, 10.1016/0306-4522(89)90424-7 Anderson, 2011, Do children really recover better? Neurobehavioural plasticity after early brain insult, Brain, 134, 2197, 10.1093/brain/awr103 Andrade, 2006, A dose-response study following in utero and lactational exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP): non-monotonic dose-response and low dose effects on rat brain aromatase activity, Toxicology, 227, 185, 10.1016/j.tox.2006.07.022 Aylward, 2011, Urinary DEHP metabolites and fasting time in NHANES, J Exp Sci Environ Epidemiol, 21, 615, 10.1038/jes.2011.28 Barr, 2003, Assessing human exposure to phthalates using monoesters and their oxidized metabolites as biomarkers, Environ Health Perspect, 111, 1148, 10.1289/ehp.6074 Bayer, 1980, Development of the hippocampal region in the rat. I. Neurogenesis examined with 3H-thymidine autoradiography, J Comp Neurol, 190, 87, 10.1002/cne.901900107 Becker, 2004, DEHP metabolites in urine of children and DEHP in house dust, Int J Hyg Environ Health, 207, 409, 10.1078/1438-4639-00309 Benowitz, 1997, GAP-43: an intrinsic determinant of neuronal development and plasticity, Trends Neurosci, 20, 84, 10.1016/S0166-2236(96)10072-2 Bernardinelli, 2014, Structural plasticity: mechanisms and contribution to developmental psychiatric disorders, Front Neuroanat, 8, 123, 10.3389/fnana.2014.00123 Biondo, 2005, NMDA or AMPA/kainate receptor blockade prevents acquisition of conditioned place preference induced by D(2/3) dopamine receptor stimulation in rats, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 179, 189, 10.1007/s00213-005-2201-y Blair, 2013, Developmental changes in structural and functional properties of hippocampal AMPARs parallels the emergence of deliberative spatial navigation in juvenile rats, J Neurosci, 33, 12218, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4827-12.2013 Borch, 2004, Steroidogenesis in fetal male rats is reduced by DEHP and DINP, but endocrine effects of DEHP are not modulated by DEHA in fetal, prepubertal and adult male rats, Reprod Toxicol, 18, 53, 10.1016/j.reprotox.2003.10.011 Borch, 2006, Mechanisms underlying the anti-androgenic effects of diethylhexyl phthalate in fetal rat testis, Toxicology, 223, 144, 10.1016/j.tox.2006.03.015 Bortolotto, 2005, Kainate receptors and mossy fiber LTP, Neurotoxicology, 26, 769, 10.1016/j.neuro.2005.02.004 Bosch, 2012, Structural plasticity of dendritic spines, Curr Opin Neurobiol, 22, 383, 10.1016/j.conb.2011.09.002 Bouma, 2002, Migration of phthalates from PVC toys into saliva simulant by dynamic extraction, Food Addit Contam, 19, 602, 10.1080/02652030210125137 Brown, 2003, Transient expression of doublecortin during adult neurogenesis, J Comp Neurol, 467, 1, 10.1002/cne.10874 Butz, 2009, Activity-dependent structural plasticity, Brain Res Rev, 60, 287, 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.023 Calafat, 2004, Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate among premature neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit, Pediatrics, 113, e429, 10.1542/peds.113.5.e429 Calafat, 2004, Automated solid phase extraction and quantitative analysis of human milk for 13 phthalate metabolites, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 805, 49, 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.02.006 Calhoun, 1996, Comparative evaluation of synaptophysin-based methods for quantification of synapses, J Neurocytol, 25, 821, 10.1007/BF02284844 Can, 2012, The mouse forced swim test, J Vis Exp, e3638 Caroni, 2014, Synapse rearrangements upon learning: from divergent-sparse connectivity to dedicated sub-circuits, Trends Neurosci, 37, 604, 10.1016/j.tins.2014.08.011 Carruthers, 2005, Critical window of male reproductive tract development in rats following gestational exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate, Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol, 74, 277, 10.1002/bdrb.20050 Cassel, 1998, Fimbria-fornix vs selective hippocampal lesions in rats: effects on locomotor activity and spatial learning and memory, Neurobiol Learn Mem, 69, 22, 10.1006/nlme.1997.3807 Cernak, 2010, Pathophysiological response to experimental diffuse brain trauma differs as a function of developmental age, Dev Neurosci, 32, 442, 10.1159/000320085 Citri, 2008, Synaptic plasticity: multiple forms, functions, and mechanisms, Neuropsychopharmacology, 33, 18, 10.1038/sj.npp.1301559 Clapcote, 2004, Survey of embryonic stem cell line source strains in the water maze reveals superior reversal learning of 129S6/SvEvTac mice, Behav Brain Res, 152, 35 Clark, 2003 Colley, 1993, Long-term potentiation as synaptic dialogue, Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 18, 115, 10.1016/0165-0173(93)90009-O CPSC, 2010 Crisp, 1998, Environmental endocrine disruption: an effects assessment and analysis, Environ Health Perspect, 106, 11, 10.1289/ehp.98106s111 Davis, 1994, Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate suppresses estradiol and ovulation in cycling rats, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 128, 216, 10.1006/taap.1994.1200 Davis, 1994, Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate suppresses estradiol production independent of FSH-cAMP stimulation in rat granulosa cells, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 128, 224, 10.1006/taap.1994.1201 De Roo, 2008, Spine dynamics and synapse remodeling during LTP and memory processes, Prog Brain Res, 169, 199, 10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00011-8 Dews, 1970, Consequences of monocular deprivation on visual behaviour in kittens, J Physiol, 206, 437, 10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009023 Dhanya, 2004, Vitamin E prevents deleterious effects of di (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, a plasticizer used in PVC blood storage bags, Indian J Exp Biol, 42, 871 Dhanya, 2003, Inhibition of membrane Na(+)-K+ Atpase of the brain, liver and RBC in rats administered di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a plasticizer used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood storage bags, Indian J Exp Biol, 41, 814 Dostal, 1987, Transfer of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate through rat milk and effects on milk composition and the mammary gland, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 91, 315, 10.1016/0041-008X(87)90054-8 Dumas, 2012, Postnatal alterations in induction threshold and expression magnitude of long-term potentiation and long-term depression at hippocampal synapses, Hippocampus, 22, 188, 10.1002/hipo.20881 Duty, 2005, Phthalate exposure and reproductive hormones in adult men, Hum Reprod, 20, 604, 10.1093/humrep/deh656 Duva, 1997, Disruption of spatial but not object-recognition memory by neurotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus in rats, Behav Neurosci, 111, 1184, 10.1037/0735-7044.111.6.1184 Edwards, 1995, LTP - a structural model to explain the inconsistencies, Trends Neurosci, 18, 250, 10.1016/0166-2236(95)80003-K Fabjan, 2006, A category approach for reproductive effects of phthalates, Crit Rev Toxicol, 36, 695, 10.1080/10408440600894914 Fenoglio, 2006, Hippocampal neuroplasticity induced by early-life stress: functional and molecular aspects, Front Neuroendocrinol, 27, 180, 10.1016/j.yfrne.2006.02.001 Foster, 2006, Disruption of reproductive development in male rat offspring following in utero exposure to phthalate esters, Int J Androl, 29, 140, 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00563.x Freeman, 1991, Fimbria fornix transections disrupt the ontogeny of delayed alternation but not position discrimination in the rat, Behav Neurosci, 105, 386, 10.1037/0735-7044.105.3.386 Fromme, 2007, Occurrence and daily variation of phthalate metabolites in the urine of an adult population, Int J Hyg Environ Health, 210, 21, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2006.09.005 Fromme, 2004, Occurrence of phthalates and musk fragrances in indoor air and dust from apartments and kindergartens in Berlin (Germany), Indoor Air, 14, 188, 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00223.x Gaarskjaer, 1985, The development of the dentate area and the hippocampal mossy fiber projection of the rat, J Comp Neurol, 241, 154, 10.1002/cne.902410204 Gaarskjaer, 1986, The organization and development of the hippocampal mossy fiber system, Brain Res, 396, 335, 10.1016/0165-0173(86)90004-4 Gallagher, 1993, Severity of spatial learning impairment in aging: development of a learning index for performance in the Morris water maze, Behav Neurosci, 107, 618, 10.1037/0735-7044.107.4.618 Ge, 2007, Biphasic effects of postnatal exposure to diethylhexylphthalate on the timing of puberty in male rats, J Androl, 28, 513, 10.2164/jandrol.106.001909 Giza, 2005, Experience-dependent behavioral plasticity is disturbed following traumatic injury to the immature brain, Behav Brain Res, 157, 11, 10.1016/j.bbr.2004.06.003 Graham, 1973, Phthalate ester plasticizers--why and how they are used, Environ Health Perspect, 3, 3 Granger, 2014, Expression mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation: a postsynaptic view, 10 years on, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 369, 20130136, 10.1098/rstb.2013.0136 Gray, 1994, Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 129, 46, 10.1006/taap.1994.1227 Green, 2005, Use of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-containing medical products and urinary levels of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in neonatal intensive care unit infants, Environ Health Perspect, 113, 1222, 10.1289/ehp.7932 Greenough, 1973, Pattern of dendritic branching in occipital cortex of rats reared in complex environments, Exp Neurol, 40, 491, 10.1016/0014-4886(73)90090-3 Grienberger, 2015, Dendritic function in vivo, Trends Neurosci, 38, 45, 10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.002 Halden, 2010, Plastics and health risks, Annu Rev Public Health, 31, 179, 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103714 Harlow, 1965, Total social isolation in monkeys, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 54, 90, 10.1073/pnas.54.1.90 Henze, 2000, The multifarious hippocampal mossy fiber pathway: a review, Neuroscience, 98, 407, 10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00146-9 Heudorf, 2007, Phthalates: toxicology and exposure, Int J Hyg Environ Health, 210, 623, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.07.011 Hirase, 2014, Transformation of cortical and hippocampal neural circuit by environmental enrichment, Neuroscience, 280, 282, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.031 Holahan, 2007, Expansion and retraction of hippocampal mossy fibers during postweaning development: strain-specific effects of NMDA receptor blockade, Hippocampus, 17, 58, 10.1002/hipo.20242 Holahan, 2006, Spatial learning induces presynaptic structural remodeling in the hippocampal mossy fiber system of two rat strains, Hippocampus, 16, 560, 10.1002/hipo.20185 Holahan, 2011, Lidocaine injections targeting CA3 hippocampus impair long-term spatial memory and prevent learning-induced mossy fiber remodeling, Hippocampus, 21, 532, 10.1002/hipo.20786 Holtmaat, 2009, Experience-dependent structural synaptic plasticity in the mammalian brain, Nat Rev Neurosci, 10, 647, 10.1038/nrn2699 Howard, 1997 Hubinger, 2006, Analysis of consumer cosmetic products for phthalate esters, J Cosmet Sci, 57, 127 Huot, 2002, Neonatal maternal separation reduces hippocampal mossy fiber density in adult Long Evans rats, Brain Res, 950, 52, 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)02985-2 Jan, 2001, Dendrites, Genes Dev, 15, 2627, 10.1101/gad.916501 Jones, 1993, The influence of phthalate esters on Leydig cell structure and function in vitro and in vivo, Exp Mol Pathol, 58, 179, 10.1006/exmp.1993.1016 Kantor, 2003, Curbing the excesses of youth: molecular insights into axonal pruning, Neuron, 38, 849, 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00364-7 Kato, 2004, Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate as biomarkers for human exposure assessment to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Environ Health Perspect, 112, 327, 10.1289/ehp.6663 Kavlock, 2002, NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction: phthalates expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Reprod Toxicol, 16, 529, 10.1016/S0890-6238(02)00032-1 Keeley, 2010, Effect of juvenile pretraining on adolescent structural hippocampal attributes as a substrate for enhanced spatial performance, Learn Mem, 17, 344, 10.1101/lm.1849910 Kelce, 1994, Environmental hormone disruptors: evidence that vinclozolin developmental toxicity is mediated by antiandrogenic metabolites, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 126, 276, 10.1006/taap.1994.1117 Kerchner, 2008, Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP, Nat Rev Neurosci, 9, 813, 10.1038/nrn2501 Kirkegaard, 2006, Gestational age and birth weight in relation to school performance of 10-year-old children: a follow-up study of children born after 32 completed weeks, Pediatrics, 118, 1600, 10.1542/peds.2005-2700 Knafo, 2004, Olfactory learning-induced increase in spine density along the apical dendrites of CA1 hippocampal neurons, Hippocampus, 14, 819, 10.1002/hipo.10219 Koch, 2005, New metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in human urine and serum after single oral doses of deuterium-labelled DEHP, Arch Toxicol, 79, 367, 10.1007/s00204-004-0642-4 Koch, 2005, Intravenous exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP): metabolites of DEHP in urine after a voluntary platelet donation, Arch Toxicol, 79, 689, 10.1007/s00204-005-0004-x Koch, 2003, An estimation of the daily intake of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and other phthalates in the general population, Int J Hyg Environ Health, 206, 77, 10.1078/1438-4639-00205 Koch, 2004, Internal exposure of nursery-school children and their parents and teachers to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), Int J Hyg Environ Health, 207, 15, 10.1078/1438-4639-00270 Koch, 2006, Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP): human metabolism and internal exposure – an update and latest results, Int J Androl, 29, 155, 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00607.x Koch, 2005, Exposure of nursery school children and their parents and teachers to di-n-butylphthalate and butylbenzylphthalate, Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 78, 223, 10.1007/s00420-004-0570-x Koch, 2003, Internal exposure of the general population to DEHP and other phthalates – determination of secondary and primary phthalate monoester metabolites in urine, Environ Res, 93, 177, 10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00083-5 Koo, 2004, Estimated exposure to phthalates in cosmetics and risk assessment, J Toxicol Environ Health A, 67, 1901, 10.1080/15287390490513300 Koupil, 2005, Length of gestation is associated with mortality from cerebrovascular disease, J Epidemiol Community Health, 59, 473, 10.1136/jech.2004.026518 Kueseng, 2007, Trace phthalate and adipate esters contaminated in packaged food, J Environ Sci Health B, 42, 569, 10.1080/03601230701389488 Lamprecht, 2014, The actin cytoskeleton in memory formation, Prog Neurobiol, 117, 1, 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2014.02.001 Langston, 2010, Development of the spatial representation system in the rat, Science, 328, 1576, 10.1126/science.1188210 Latini, 2005, Monitoring phthalate exposure in humans, Clin Chim Acta, 361, 20, 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.05.003 Latini, 2003, Exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in humans during pregnancy. A preliminary report, Biol Neonat, 83, 22, 10.1159/000067012 Latini, 2003, In utero exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and duration of human pregnancy, Environ Health Perspect, 111, 1783, 10.1289/ehp.6202 Leuner, 2003, Associative memory formation increases the observation of dendritic spines in the hippocampus, J Neurosci, 23, 659, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-02-00659.2003 Li, 2014, Dibutyl phthalate-induced neurotoxicity in the brain of immature and mature rat offspring, Brain Dev, 36, 653, 10.1016/j.braindev.2013.09.002 Li, 2013, Neurotoxicity of dibutyl phthalate in brain development following perinatal exposure: a study in rats, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 36, 392, 10.1016/j.etap.2013.05.001 Li, 2010, High-dose dibutyl phthalate improves performance of F1 generation male rats in spatial learning and increases hippocampal BDNF expression independent on p-CREB immunocontent, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 29, 32, 10.1016/j.etap.2009.09.003 Lottrup, 2006, Possible impact of phthalates on infant reproductive health, Int J Androl, 29, 172, 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00642.x Lovekamp-Swan, 2003, Dual activation of PPARalpha and PPARgamma by mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in rat ovarian granulosa cells, Mol Cell Endocrinol, 201, 133, 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00423-9 Lyche, 2009, Reproductive and developmental toxicity of phthalates, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev, 12, 225, 10.1080/10937400903094091 Ma, 2013, Effect of diisobutyl phthalate on learning and memory behavior and apoptosis of hippocampus cells in mice, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu, 42, 57 Ma, 2013, Effects of DiBP on the cAMP/PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway of hippocampus in mice, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu, 42, 405 MacDonald, 2006, Hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity and signal amplification of NMDA receptors, Crit Rev Neurobiol, 18, 71, 10.1615/CritRevNeurobiol.v18.i1-2.80 Maei, 2009, What is the most sensitive measure of water maze probe test performance?, Front Integr Neurosci, 3, 4, 10.3389/neuro.07.004.2009 Main, 2006, Human breast milk contamination with phthalates and alterations of endogenous reproductive hormones in infants three months of age, Environ Health Perspect, 114, 270, 10.1289/ehp.8075 Maren, 2014, Out with the old and in with the new: Synaptic mechanisms of extinction in the amygdala, Brain Res Martin, 2000, Synaptic plasticity and memory: an evaluation of the hypothesis, Ann Rev Neurosci, 23, 649, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.649 Matsunaga, 2010, Endocrine disrupting chemicals bind to a novel receptor, microtubule-associated protein 2, and positively and negatively regulate dendritic outgrowth in hippocampal neurons, J Neurochem, 114, 1333 Matus, 2000, Actin-based plasticity in dendritic spines, Science, 290, 754, 10.1126/science.290.5492.754 McNamara, 2002, Postnatal maternal separation elevates the expression of the postsynaptic protein kinase C substrate RC3, but not presynaptic GAP-43, in the developing rat hippocampus, Dev Neurosci, 24, 485, 10.1159/000069359 Meeker, 2009, Urinary phthalate metabolites in relation to preterm birth in Mexico city, Environ Health Perspect, 117, 1587, 10.1289/ehp.0800522 Min, 2014, Benzyl butyl phthalate exposure impairs learning and memory and attenuates neurotransmission and CREB phosphorylation in mice, Food Chem Toxicol, 71, 81, 10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.021 Mori, 1992, Identification by mutagenesis of a Mg(2+)-block site of the NMDA receptor channel, Nature, 358, 673, 10.1038/358673a0 Morris, 1984, Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat, J Neurosci Methods, 11, 47, 10.1016/0165-0270(84)90007-4 Morris, 1982, Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions, Nature, 297, 681, 10.1038/297681a0 Moser, 1998, Distributed encoding and retrieval of spatial memory in the hippocampus, J Neurosci, 18, 7535, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-18-07535.1998 Moser, 1995, Spatial learning with a minislab in the dorsal hippocampus, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 92, 9697, 10.1073/pnas.92.21.9697 Nadel, 2001, The hippocampal complex and long-term memory revisited, Trends Cogn Sci, 5, 228, 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01664-8 NICNAS, 2010 Nicoll, 2005, Synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fibre synapses, Nat Rev Neurosci, 6, 863, 10.1038/nrn1786 Noriega, 2009, Pubertal administration of DEHP delays puberty, suppresses testosterone production, and inhibits reproductive tract development in male Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats, Toxicol Sci, 111, 163, 10.1093/toxsci/kfp129 Oie, 1997, Residential exposure to plasticizers and its possible role in the pathogenesis of asthma, Environ Health Perspect, 105, 972, 10.1289/ehp.97105972 Oswald, 2003, Entorhinal cortex lesions disrupt the transition between the use of intra- and extramaze cues for navigation in the water maze, Behav Neurosci, 117, 588, 10.1037/0735-7044.117.3.588 Otake, 2004, Exposure to phthalate esters from indoor environment, J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol, 14, 524, 10.1038/sj.jea.7500352 Papp, 2007, The CA3 network as a memory store for spatial representations, Learn Mem, 14, 732, 10.1101/lm.687407 Park, 2014, NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation comprises a family of temporally overlapping forms of synaptic plasticity that are induced by different patterns of stimulation, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 369, 20130131, 10.1098/rstb.2013.0131 Parks, 2000, The plasticizer diethylhexyl phthalate induces malformations by decreasing fetal testosterone synthesis during sexual differentiation in the male rat, Toxicol Sci, 58, 339, 10.1093/toxsci/58.2.339 Peet, 1987, The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor and burst firing of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons, Neuroscience, 22, 563, 10.1016/0306-4522(87)90353-8 Pocar, 2012, Exposure to di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in utero and during lactation causes long-term pituitary-gonadal axis disruption in male and female mouse offspring, Endocrinology, 153, 937, 10.1210/en.2011-1450 Preuss, 2005, Biological monitoring of the five major metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in human urine using column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 816, 269, 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.11.048 Ramirez-Amaya, 2001, Spatial long-term memory is related to mossy fiber synaptogenesis, J Neurosci, 21, 7340, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-18-07340.2001 Ramirez-Amaya, 1999, Synaptogenesis of mossy fibers induced by spatial water maze overtraining, Hippocampus, 9, 631, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1999)9:6<631::AID-HIPO3>3.0.CO;2-3 Rekart, 2007, Remodeling of hippocampal mossy fibers is selectively induced seven days after the acquisition of a spatial but not a cued reference memory task, Learn Mem, 14, 416, 10.1101/lm.516507 Rekart, 2007, Learning-induced axonal remodeling: evolutionary divergence and conservation of two components of the mossy fiber system within Rodentia, Neurobiol Learn Mem, 87, 225, 10.1016/j.nlm.2006.08.013 Restivo, 2009, The formation of recent and remote memory is associated with time-dependent formation of dendritic spines in the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex, J Neurosci, 29, 8206, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0966-09.2009 Rojas, 2013, Effects of daily environmental enrichment on behavior and dendritic spine density in hippocampus following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in the rat, Exp Neurol, 241, 25, 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.11.026 Rudel, 2011, Food packaging and bisphenol A and bis(2-ethyhexyl) phthalate exposure: findings from a dietary intervention, Environ Health Perspect, 119, 914, 10.1289/ehp.1003170 Rudy, 1993, Contextual conditioning and auditory cue conditioning dissociate during development, Behav Neurosci, 107, 887, 10.1037/0735-7044.107.5.887 Rudy, 1994, Ontogeny of contextual fear conditioning in rats: implications for consolidation, infantile amnesia, and hippocampal system function, Behav Neurosci, 108, 227, 10.1037/0735-7044.108.2.227 Rudy, 1987, Ontogeny of spatial navigation behaviors in the rat: dissociation of proximal- and distal-cue-based behaviors, Behav Neurosci, 101, 62, 10.1037/0735-7044.101.1.62 Sala, 2014, Dendritic spines: the locus of structural and functional plasticity, Physiol Rev, 94, 141, 10.1152/physrev.00012.2013 Sathyanarayana, 2008, Maternal and infant urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations: are they related, Environ Res, 108, 413, 10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.002 Sathyanarayana, 2008, Baby care products: possible sources of infant phthalate exposure, Pediatrics, 121, e260, 10.1542/peds.2006-3766 Schettler, 2006, Human exposure to phthalates via consumer products, Int J Androl, 29, 134, 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00567.x Shonkoff, 2009, Neuroscience, molecular biology, and the childhood roots of health disparities: building a new framework for health promotion and disease prevention, J Am Med Assoc, 301, 2252, 10.1001/jama.2009.754 Silva, 2004, Analysis of human urine for fifteen phthalate metabolites using automated solid-phase extraction, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 805, 161, 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.02.038 Smith, 2014, Reduced hippocampal dendritic spine density and BDNF expression following acute postnatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in male Long Evans rats, PLoS ONE, 9, e109522, 10.1371/journal.pone.0109522 Smith, 2011, Acute postnatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate adversely impacts hippocampal development in the male rat, Neuroscience, 193, 100, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.082 Steiner, 1998, Migration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from PVC child articles into saliva and saliva simulant, Food Addit Contam, 15, 812, 10.1080/02652039809374715 Sun, 2014, Perinatal exposure to Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-Phthalate leads to cognitive dysfunction and phospho-tau level increase in aged rats, Environ Toxicol, 29, 596, 10.1002/tox.21785 Sur, 2005, Patterning and plasticity of the cerebral cortex, Science, 310, 805, 10.1126/science.1112070 Sutherland, 1983, A behavioural analysis of spatial localization following electrolytic, kainate- or colchicine-induced damage to the hippocampal formation in the rat, Behav Brain Res, 7, 133, 10.1016/0166-4328(83)90188-2 Svechnikova, 2007, The influence of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on steroidogenesis by the ovarian granulosa cells of immature female rats, J Endocrinol, 194, 603, 10.1677/JOE-07-0238 Swan, 2008, Environmental phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other health endpoints in humans, Environ Res, 108, 177, 10.1016/j.envres.2008.08.007 Swan, 2005, Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure, Environ Health Perspect, 113, 1056, 10.1289/ehp.8100 Takeuchi, 2005, Differential effects of phthalate esters on transcriptional activities via human estrogen receptors alpha and beta, and androgen receptor, Toxicology, 210, 223, 10.1016/j.tox.2005.02.002 Thompson, 1954, The effects of restricting early experience on the problem-solving capacity of dogs, Can J Psychol, 8, 17, 10.1037/h0083595 Tully, 2000, A plasticizer released from IV drip chambers elevates calcium levels in neurosecretory terminals, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 168, 183, 10.1006/taap.2000.9036 Walf, 2007, The use of the elevated plus maze as an assay of anxiety-related behavior in rodents, Nat Protoc, 2, 322, 10.1038/nprot.2007.44 Wartman, 2012, Enhanced adolescent learning and hippocampal axonal projections following preadolescent spatial exposure to a water or dry maze, Brain Res, 1475, 37, 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.08.012 Wartman, 2012, Estradiol treatment in preadolescent females enhances adolescent spatial memory and differentially modulates hippocampal region-specific phosphorylated ERK labeling, Neurosci Lett, 528, 114, 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.09.018 Weuve, 2006, Exposure to phthalates in neonatal intensive care unit infants: urinary concentrations of monoesters and oxidative metabolites, Environ Health Perspect, 114, 1424, 10.1289/ehp.8926 WHO, 2003 Whyatt, 2009, Prenatal di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exposure and length of gestation among an inner-city cohort, Pediatrics, 124, e1213, 10.1542/peds.2009-0325 Wills, 2010, Development of the hippocampal cognitive map in preweanling rats, Science, 328, 1573, 10.1126/science.1188224 Witter, 2007, Intrinsic and extrinsic wiring of CA3: indications for connectional heterogeneity, Learn Mem, 14, 705, 10.1101/lm.725207 Wormuth, 2006, What are the sources of exposure to eight frequently used phthalic acid esters in Europeans, Risk Anal, 26, 803, 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00770.x Xiao, 2002, Slight impairment of Na+, K+-ATPase synergistically aggravates ceramide- and beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis in cortical neurons, Brain Res, 955, 253, 10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03472-8 Xu, 2015, Perinatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate affects anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice, Chemosphere, 124, 22, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.056 Zovkic, 2013, Epigenetic mechanisms in learned fear: implications for PTSD, Neuropsychopharmacology, 38, 77, 10.1038/npp.2012.79