Serum leptin and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with primary knee osteoarthritis

Castaneda, 2012, Subchondral bone as a key target for osteoarthritis treatment, Biochem Pharmacol, 83, 315, 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.018 World Health Organization Study Group, 1994, Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis, World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser, 843, 1 Dequeker, 2004, Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: clinical and research evidence of inverse relationship, Aging Clin Exp Res, 15, 426, 10.1007/BF03327364 Bultink, 2013, Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: what is the overlap?, Curr Rheumatol Rep, 15, 328, 10.1007/s11926-013-0328-0 Foss, 1972, Bone density, osteoarthritis of the hip, and fracture of the upper end of the femur, Ann Rheum Dis, 31, 259, 10.1136/ard.31.4.259 Roh, 1973, Cortical bone remodeling and bone mass in primary osteoarthritis of the hip, Invest Radiol, 8, 251, 10.1097/00004424-197307000-00010 Gevers, 1989, Physical and histomorphological characteristics of iliac crest bone differ according to the grade of osteoarthritis at the hand, Bone, 10, 173, 10.1016/8756-3282(89)90050-1 Reid, 1991, The influence of osteophytes and aortic calcification on spinal mineral density in postmenopausal women, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 72, 1372, 10.1210/jcem-72-6-1372 Äström, 1992, Reduced risk of hip fractures in the mothers of patients with osteoarthritis of the hip, J Bone Joint Surg Br, 74, 270, 10.1302/0301-620X.74B2.1544967 Hannan, 1993, Bone mineral density and knee osteoarthritis in elderly men and women. The Framingham Study, Arthritis Rheum, 36, 1671, 10.1002/art.1780361205 Nevitt, 1995, Radiographic osteoarthritis of the hip and bone mineral density. The study of osteoporotic fractures research group, Arthritis Rheum, 38, 907, 10.1002/art.1780380706 Peel, 1995, Bone mineral density and bone turnover in spinal osteoarthrosis, Ann Rheum Dis, 54, 867, 10.1136/ard.54.11.867 El Miedany, 2000, Altered bone mineral metabolism in patients with osteoarthritis, Joint Bone Spine, 67, 521, 10.1016/S1297-319X(00)00218-9 Garnero, 2004, Association between spine disc degeneration and type ii collagen degradation in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study, Arthritis Rheum, 50, 3137, 10.1002/art.20493 Brennan, 2006, Drug Insight: the role of leptin in human physiology and pathophysiology–emerging clinical applications, Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab, 2, 318, 10.1038/ncpendmet0196 Sowers, 2010, The evolving role of obesity in knee osteoarthritis, Curr Opin Rheumatol, 22, 533, 10.1097/BOR.0b013e32833b4682 Thomas, 2001, Role of serum leptin, insulin, and estrogen levels as potential mediators of the relationship between fat mass and bone mineral density in men versus women, Bone, 29, 114, 10.1016/S8756-3282(01)00487-2 Jürimäe, 2009, Adipocytokine and ghrelin levels in relation to bone mineral density in physically active older women: longitudinal associations, Eur J Endocrinol, 160, 381, 10.1530/EJE-08-0673 Karvonen-Gutierrez, 2014, The relationship between longitudinal serum leptin measures and measures of magnetic resonance imaging-assessed knee joint damage in a population of mid-life women, Ann Rheum Dis, 73, 883, 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202685 Blain, 2002, Serum leptin levels is a predictor of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87, 1030, 10.1210/jcem.87.3.8313 Blum, 2003, Leptin, body composition and bone mineral density in premenopausal women, Calcif Tissue Int, 73, 27, 10.1007/s00223-002-1019-4 Morcov, 2012, Correlation between adiponectin, leptin, insulin growth factor-1 and bone mineral density in pre and postmenopausal women, Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi, 116, 785 Nagaosa, 2000, Development of a logically devised line drawing atlas for grading of knee osteoarthritis, Ann Rheum Dis, 59, 587, 10.1136/ard.59.8.587 Hochberg, 2004, Bone mineral density and osteoarthritis: data from the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging, Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 12, S45, 10.1016/j.joca.2003.09.008 Burger, 1996, Association of radiographically evident osteoarthritis with higher bone mineral density and increased bone loss with age. The Rotterdam study, Arthritis Rheum, 39, 81, 10.1002/art.1780390111 Živkovic, 2010, Bone mineral density in osteoarthritis, Sci J Faculty Med Niš, 27, 135 Sezer, 2010, The relationship between knee osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, Eurasian J Med, 42, 124, 10.5152/eajm.2010.35 Lingard, 2010, The prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with severe hip and knee osteoarthritis awaiting joint arthroplasty, Age Ageing, 39, 234, 10.1093/ageing/afp222 Drees, 2005, Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis–is there really an inverse relation?, Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb, 143, 161, 10.1055/s-2004-832321 Sowers, 2000, Radiographically defined osteoarthritis of the hand and knee in middle-aged African American and Caucasian women, Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 8, 69, 10.1053/joca.1999.0273 Multanen, 2015, Bone and cartilage characteristics in postmenopausal women with mild kneeradiographic osteoarthritis and those without radiographic osteoarthritis, J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact, 15, 69 Bergink, 2005, Bone mineral density and vertebral fracture history are associated with incident and progressive radiographic knee osteoarthritis in elderly men and women: the Rotterdam study, Bone, 37, 446, 10.1016/j.bone.2005.05.001 Zhang, 2000, Bone mineral density and risk of incident and progressive radiographic knee osteoarthritis in women: the Framingham study, J Rheumatol, 27, 1032 Hart, 2002, The relationship of bone density and fracture to incident and progressive radiographic osteoarthritis of the knee: the Chingford study, Arthritis Rheum, 46, 92, 10.1002/1529-0131(200201)46:1<92::AID-ART10057>3.0.CO;2-# Nevitt, 2010, High systemic bone mineral density increases the risk of incident knee OA and joint space narrowing, but not radiographic progression of existing knee OA: the MOST study, Ann Rheum Dis, 69, 163, 10.1136/ard.2008.099531 Ding, 2010, Knee and hip radiographic osteoarthritis predict total hip bone loss in older adults: a prospective study, J Bone Miner Res, 25, 858 Lee, 2013, Relationship of bone mineral density to progression of knee osteoarthritis, Arthritis Rheum, 65, 1541, 10.1002/art.37926 Jiang, 2008, Differential bone metabolism between postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, J Bone Miner Res, 23, 475, 10.1359/jbmr.071114 Stewart, 1999, Bone density and bone turnover in patients with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, J Rheumatol, 26, 622 Csifo, 2014, Correlation of serum and synovial osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha with the disease severity score in knee osteoarthritis, Acta Medica Marisiensis, 60, 102, 10.2478/amma-2014-0021 Ali, 2014, Relationship between undercarboxylated osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin in knee osteoarthritis, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 6, 344 Naitou, 2000, Bone mineral density and bone turnover in patients with knee osteoarthritis compared with generalized osteoarthritis, Calcif Tissue Int, 66, 325, 10.1007/s002230010068 Bruyere, 2003, Biochemical markers of bone and cartilage remodeling in prediction of longterm progression of knee osteoarthritis, J Rheumatol, 30, 1043 de Boer, 2012, Serum adipokines in osteoarthritis; comparison with controls and relationship with local parameters of synovial inflammation and cartilage damage, Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 20, 846, 10.1016/j.joca.2012.05.002 Hussein, 2016, Correlation between serum leptin, cytokines, cartilage degradation and functional impact in obese knee osteoarthritis patients, Egypt Rheumatologist, 38, 117, 10.1016/j.ejr.2015.05.003 Gaballah, 2016, Correlation between synovial vascular endothelial growth factor, clinical, functional and radiological manifestations in knee osteoarthritis, The Egyptian Rheumatologist, 38, 29, 10.1016/j.ejr.2015.01.002