Eustatic and tectonic control on the distribution of marine seismites: examples from the Upper Ordovician of Kentucky, USA

Allen, 1986, Earthquake magnitude–frequency, epicentral distance, and soft-sediment deformation in sedimentary basins, Sedimentary Geology, 46, 67, 10.1016/0037-0738(86)90006-0

Anketell, 1970, On the deformational structures in systems with reverse density gradients, Annales-Societe Geologique De Pologne, 40, 3

Baird, 2002, Indian Castle Shale: late synorogenic siliciclastic succession in an evolving Middle to Late Ordovician foreland basin, eastern New York State, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 27, 203, 10.1016/S1474-7065(01)00008-0

Bergström, 1971, Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Europe and eastern North America, Memoir-Geological Society of America, 127, 83, 10.1130/MEM127-p83

Black, 1975, Selected structural features and associated dolostones occurrences in the vicinity of the Kentucky River fault system

Black, 1965, The Lexington Limestone (Middle Ordovician) of central Kentucky, US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1224-C, 29

Borella, 1978, Late Middle and early Late Ordovician history of the Cincinnati arch province, central Kentucky to central Tennessee, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 89, 1559, 10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<1559:LMAELO>2.0.CO;2

Brenchley, 1977, The significance of contorted bedding in upper Ordovician sediments of the Oslo region, Norway, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 47, 819

Brett, 2001, Stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician Kope Formation in its type area, northern Kentucky, including revised nomenclature, 47

Brett, 2002, Revised stratigraphy of the Trenton Group in its type area, central New York State: sedimentology and tectonics of a Middle Ordovician shelf-to-basin succession, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 27, 231, 10.1016/S1474-7065(01)00007-9

Brett, 2000, Sequence and event stratigraphy of the Middle–Upper Ordovician of northern Kentucky; comparison with New York sequence, Abstracts with Programs-Geological Society of America, 32, 177

Brett, 2002, Upper Ordovician facies, depositional environments, and sequence stratigraphy of the Lexington-Frankfort area, central Kentucky, 151

Brett, C.E., McLaughlin, P.I., Baird, G.C., Cornell, S.R., in press. Comparative sequence stratigraphy of two classic Upper Ordovician successions, Trenton shelf (New York-Ontario) and Lexington Platform (Kentucky–Ohio): implications for eustasy and local tectonism in eastern Laurentia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology.

Bucher, W.H., 1919. On ripples and related sedimentary surface forms and their paleogeographic interpretation. American Journal of Science 47, 149–210, 241–269.

Collinson, 1994, Sedimentary deformational structures, 93

Conatser, W.E., 1958. Contorted Strata of the Cynthiana, Master's Theses, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Conkin, 1992, Paleozoic metabentonites of North America: Part 3. New Ordovician metabentonites from Kentucky and Tennessee, University of Louisville Studies in Paleontology and Stratigraphy, 20, 29

Conkin, 1986, Capitol metabentonite in the Trenton Curdsville Formation of central Kentucky, University of Louisville Studies in Paleontology and Stratigraphy B, 15

Cressman, 1973, Lithostratigraphy and depositional environments of the Lexington Limestone (Ordovician) of central Kentucky, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 768

Dalrymple, 1979, Wave-induced liquefaction: a modern example from the Bay of Fundy, Sedimentology, 26, 835, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1979.tb00976.x

Dattilo, 1996, A quantitative paleoecological approach to high-resolution cyclic and event stratigraphy: the Upper Ordovician Miamitown Shale in the type Cincinnatian, Lethaia, 29, 21, 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1996.tb01833.x

DeJong, 2001, Deformed zones in the Point Pleasant Formation (Upper Ordovician) along Locust Creek and route 1159, northern Kentucky, 103

Drahovzal, 1992, The east continental rift basin: a new discovery, 25

Dzulynski, 1963, Convolute lamination, its origin, preservation, and directional significance, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 33, 616

Ettensohn, 1991, Flexural interpretation of relationships between Ordovician tectonism and stratigraphic sequences, central and southern Appalachians, U.S.A., vol. 90-9, 213

Ettensohn, 1992

Ettensohn, 1999, Taconian far-field effects and the origin of the Middle–Late Ordovician Lexington platform and Sebree Trough, east–central United States, Abstracts with Programs-Geological Society of America, 31, 15

Ettensohn, 2002, Middle and Late Ordovician seismites from central Kentucky, 129

Ettensohn, 2002, Evidence and implications of possible far-field responses to Taconian Orogeny: middle–late Ordovician Lexington Platform and Sebree Trough, east–central United States, Southeastern Geology, 41, 1

Ettensohn, 2002, Interpreting ancient marine seismites and apparent epicentral areas for paleo-earthquakes, Middle Ordovician Lexington Limestone, central Kentucky, vol. 359, 177

Fordham, 1992, Chronometric calibration of mid-Ordovician to Tournaisian conodont zones: a compilation from recent graphic-correlation and isotope studies, Geological Magazine, 129, 709, 10.1017/S001675680000844X

Greb, 2002, Critical evaluation of possible seismites; examples from the Carboniferous of the Appalachian Basin, vol. 359, 109

Holland, 1993, Sequence stratigraphy of a carbonate-clastic ramp: the Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician) in its type area, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 105, 306, 10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<0306:SSOACC>2.3.CO;2

Holland, 1996, Sequence stratigraphy and long-term lithologic change in the Middle and Upper Ordovician of the eastern United States, vol. 306, 117

Holland, 1997, Cycle anatomy and variability in the storm-dominated type Cincinnatian (Upper Ordovician): coming to grips with cycle delineation and genesis, Journal of Geology, 105, 135, 10.1086/515904

Holland, 2001, Sequence Stratigraphy of the Kope-Fairview interval (Upper Ordovician, Cincinnati, Ohio area), 93

Huff, 1992, Gigantic Ordovician volcanic ash fall in North America and Europe: biological, tectonomagmatic, and event-stratigraphic significance, Geology, 20, 875, 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0875:GOVAFI>2.3.CO;2

Jennette, 1993, Cyclic alternation of proximal and distal storm facies: kope and fairview formations (Upper Ordovician), Ohio and Kentucky, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 63, 183, 10.1306/D4267ABE-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D

Jewell, 2001, Origin of deformation in the Cane Run Bed, Middle Ordovician Lexington Limestone, central Kentucky, Abstracts with Programs-Geological Society of America, 33, 59

Keith, 1989, Regional facies of the Upper Ordovician Series of North America, vol. 29, 1

Kolata, 1996, Ordovician K-bentonites of eastern North America, Geological Society of America Special Paper, 313

Kolata, 2001, The Ordovician Sebree Trough; an oceanic passage to the Midcontinent United States, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 113, 1067, 10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<1067:TOSTAO>2.0.CO;2

Kulp, M., 1995. Paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Brannon Division, Middle–Upper Ordovician Lexington Limestone, central Bluegrass region of Kentucky. MS thesis, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.

Lehmann, 1995, Distal sedimentation in a peripheral foreland basin; Ordovician black shales and associated flysch of the western Taconic Foreland, New York state and Ontario, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 107, 708, 10.1130/0016-7606(1995)107<0708:DSIAPF>2.3.CO;2

Lowe, 1975, Water escape structures in coarse-grained sediments, Sedimentology, 22, 157, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1975.tb00290.x

Lowe, 1976, Subaqueous liquefied and fluidized sediment flows and their deposits, Sedimentology, 23, 285, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1976.tb00051.x

Maltman, 1994, Prelithification deformation, 143

Marsaglia, 1983, The paleogeography of Paleozoic and Mesozoic storm depositional systems, Journal of Geology, 91, 117, 10.1086/628752

McKee, 1969, Experiments on formation of contorted structures in mud, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 80, 231, 10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[231:EOFOCS]2.0.CO;2

McLaughlin, 2000, Sequence and event stratigraphy of the Bromley shale-Point Pleasant Formation-Kope Fulton beds succession (Upper–Middle Ordovician) from northern Kentucky and southern Ohio, Abstracts with Programs-Geological Society of America, 32, 177

McLaughlin, P.I., Brett, C.E., Taha McLaughlin, S.L., Cornell, S.R., in press. High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic, cratonic ramp (Upper Ordovician; Kentucky–Ohio, USA): insights into the relative influence of eustasy and tectonics through analysis of facies gradients. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology.

Mitchell, 1991, New graptolite and lithostratigraphic evidence from the Cincinnati region, U.S.A., for the definition and correlation of the base of the Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician), vol. 90-9, 59

Mutti, 1984, Seismoturbidites; a new group of resedimented deposits, Marine Geology, 55, 103, 10.1016/0025-3227(84)90135-X

Obermeier, 1995, Using liquefaction-induced features for paleoseismic analysis, 94

Obermeier, 1990, Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in the coastal setting of South Carolina and in the fluvial setting of the New Madrid seismic zone, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1504

Pope, 1997, High-resolution surface and subsurface sequence stratigraphy of the Middle to Late Ordovician (late Mohawkian-Cincinnatian) foreland basin rocks, Kentucky and Virginia, AAPG Bulletin, 81, 1866

Pope, 1998, Ordovician metre-scale cycles: implications for climate and eustatic fluctuations in the central Appalachians during a global greenhouse, non-glacial to glacial transition, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 138, 27, 10.1016/S0031-0182(97)00130-2

Pope, 1997, Late Middle to Late Ordovician seismites of Kentucky, southwest Ohio and Virginia: sedimentary recorders of earthquakes in the Appalachian basin, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 109, 489, 10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0489:LMTLOS>2.3.CO;2

Rast, 1999, Taconian seismogenic deformation in the Appalachian orogen and the North American craton, vol. 164, 127

Ricci Lucchi, 1995, Sedimentological indicators of paleoseismicity, vol. 6, 7

Rowley, 1981, Stratigraphic relationships and detrital composition of the medial Ordovician flysch of western New England: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Taconic Orogeny, Journal of Geology, 89, 199, 10.1086/628580

Scotese, C.R., 1990. Atlas of Phanerozoic Plate Tectonic Reconstructions: International Lithophase Program (IUU-IUGS), Paleomap Project Technical Report 10-90-1.

Seilacher, 1969, Fault-graded bedding interpreted as seismites, Sedimentology, 13, 155, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1969.tb01125.x

Seilacher, 1984, Sedimentary structures tentatively attributed to seismic events, Marine Geology, 55, 1, 10.1016/0025-3227(84)90129-4

Seilacher, 1991, Events and their signatures; an overview, 222

Shanmugam, 1984, Anatomy of the middle Ordovician Sevier Shale Basin, eastern Tennessee, Sedimentology, 43, 315

Simms, 2003, Uniquely extensive seismite from the latest Triassic of the United Kingdom: evidence for bolide impact?, Geology, 31, 557, 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0557:UESFTL>2.0.CO;2

Sorauf, 1965, Flow rolls of Upper Devonian rocks of south–central New York State, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 35, 553, 10.1306/74D712EE-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D

Tobin, R.C., 1982. A model for cyclic deposition in the Cincinnatian Series of southwestern Ohio, northern Kentucky, and southeastern Indiana, PhD dissertation, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati.

Visher, 1981, Convolute laminations; a theoretical analysis; example of a Pennsylvanian sandstone, Sedimentary Geology, 28, 175, 10.1016/0037-0738(81)90064-6

Weaver, 1976, Seismically induced load structures in the basal Coal Measures, South Whales, Geological Magazine, 113, 535, 10.1017/S0016756800041285

Weaver, 1978, Carbonate ball and pillow structures, Geological Magazine, 115, 245, 10.1017/S0016756800037158

Weir, 1965, Clays Ferry Formation (Ordovician)—a new map unit in south–central Kentucky, US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1224-B, 18

Weir, 1984, Lithostratigraphy of Upper Ordovician strata exposed in Kentucky, US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1151-E, 121

Weiss, 1965, The American Upper Ordovician standard VII. Stratigraphy and petrology of the Cynthiana and Eden formations of the Ohio Valley, Geological Society of America Special Paper, 81

Wickstrom, 1992, Stratigraphy, structure, and production history of the Trenton Limestone (Ordovician) and adjacent strata in northwestern Ohio, Report of Investigations-Ohio. Division of Geological, 143

Witzke, 1990, Palaeoclimatic constraints for Paleozoic palaeolatitudes of Laurentia and Euramerica, 57