Effect of Ureaplasma parvum co-incubation on Chlamydia trachomatis maturation in human epithelial HeLa cells treated with interferon-γ

Betty, 1994, Persistent Chlamydiae: from cell culture to a paradigm for Chlamydial pathogenesis, Microbiol Rev, 58, 686, 10.1128/MMBR.58.4.686-699.1994 World Health Organization, Dept. of Reproductive Health and Research, 2012 Horner, 2006, The case for further treatment studies of uncomplicated genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, Sex Transm Infect, 82, 340, 10.1136/sti.2005.019158 Gump, 1983, Evidence of prior pelvic inflammatory disease and its relationship to Chlamydia trachomatis antibody and intrauterine contraceptive device use in infertile women, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 146, 153, 10.1016/0002-9378(83)91044-X Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2004, Chlamydia screening among sexually active young female enrollees of health plans – United States, 1999–2001, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 53, 983 Gottlieb, 2013, Screening and treating Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease: interpretation of findings from randomized controlled trials, Sex Transm Dis, 40, 97, 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31827bd637 Vicetti Miguel, 2013, Human female genital tract infection by the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis elicits robust Type 2 immunity, PLoS One, 8, e58565, 10.1371/journal.pone.0058565 Rashidi, 2013, Effects of Chlamydia trachomatis infection on fertility; a case-control study, J Reprod Infertil, 14, 67 Mania-Pramanik, 2012, Current Chlamydia trachomatis infection, a major cause of infertility, J Reprod Infertil, 13, 204 Rana, 2013, Ectopic pregnancy: a review, Arch Gynecol Obstet, 288, 747, 10.1007/s00404-013-2929-2 Lamont, 2011, The vaginal microbiome: new information about genital tract flora using molecular based techniques, BJOG, 118, 533, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02840.x Witkin, 2007, Bacterial flora of the female genital tract: function and immune regulation, Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol, 21, 347, 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.12.004 Marrazzo, 2005, Mucopurulent cervicitis: no longer ignored, but still misunderstood, Infect Dis Clin N Am, 19, 333, 10.1016/j.idc.2005.03.009 Lusk, 2008, Cervicitis: a review, Curr Opin Infect Dis, 21, 49 Kong, 2000, Species identification and subtyping of Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum using PCR-based assays, J Clin Microbiol, 38, 1175, 10.1128/JCM.38.3.1175-1179.2000 Kong, 1999, Phylogenetic analysis of Ureaplasma urealyticum–support for the establishment of a new species, Ureaplasma parvum, Int J Syst Bacteriol, 49, 1879, 10.1099/00207713-49-4-1879 Kong, 1999, Comparative analysis and serovar-specific identification of multiple-banded antigen genes of Ureaplasma urealyticum biovar 1, J Clin Microbiol, 37, 538, 10.1128/JCM.37.3.538-543.1999 Yamazaki, 2012, Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis in Ureaplasma-positive healthy women attending their first prenatal visit in a community hospital in Sapporo, Japan, BMC Infect Dis, 12, 82, 10.1186/1471-2334-12-82 Omsland, 2012, Developmental stage-specific metabolic and transcriptional activity of Chlamydia trachomatis in an axenic medium, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 109, 19781, 10.1073/pnas.1212831109 Beatty, 1994, Tryptophan depletion as a mechanism of gamma interferon-mediated Chlamydial persistence, Infect Immun, 62, 3705, 10.1128/IAI.62.9.3705-3711.1994 Beatty, 1995, Reactivation of persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in cell culture, Infect Immun, 63, 199, 10.1128/IAI.63.1.199-205.1995 Pantoja, 2001, Characterization of Chlamydia pneumoniae persistence in HEp-2 cells treated with gamma Interferon, Infect Immun, 69, 7927, 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7927-7932.2001 Nelson, 2005, Chlamydial IFN–γ immune evasion is linked to host infection tropism, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102, 10658, 10.1073/pnas.0504198102 Roblin, 1992, Use of HEp-2 cells for improved isolation and passage of Chlamydia pneumonia, J Clin Microbiol, 30, 1968, 10.1128/JCM.30.8.1968-1971.1992 Kubo, 2012, Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 infection model using human lymphoid Jurkat cells, Microb Pathog, 53, 1, 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.02.005 Stanbridge, 1971, Mycoplasmas and cell cultures, Bacteriol Rev, 35, 206, 10.1128/MMBR.35.2.206-227.1971 He, 2009, Mycoplasma genitalium-derived lipid-associated membrane proteins activate NF-kB through toll-like receptors 1, 2, and 6 and CD14 in a MyD88-dependent pathway, Clin Vaccine Immunol, 16, 1750, 10.1128/CVI.00281-09 Shimizu, 2011, Cytoadherence-dependent induction of inflammatory responses by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Immunology, 133, 51, 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03408.x Beatty, 1993, Morphologic and antigenic characterization of interferon gamma-mediated persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 3998, 10.1073/pnas.90.9.3998 Caldwell, 2003, Polymorphisms in Chlamydia trachomatis tryptophan synthase genes differentiate between genital and ocular isolates, J Clin Invest, 111, 1757, 10.1172/JCI17993 Prasanna, 2010, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFNgamma and TNFalpha, influence immune properties of human bone marrow and Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cells differentially, PLoS One, 5, e9016, 10.1371/journal.pone.0009016 Gnoatto, 2007, Expression of cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans in human cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth, J Periodont Res, 42, 553, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.00981.x Hu, 2008, Integrated regulation of toll-like receptor responses by Notch and interferon-gamma pathways, Immunity, 29, 691, 10.1016/j.immuni.2008.08.016 Taylor, 1991, Relationship between interferon-gamma, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and tryptophan catabolism, FASEB J, 5, 2516, 10.1096/fasebj.5.11.1907934 Glass, 2000, The complete sequence of the mucosal pathogen Ureaplasma urealyticum, Nature, 407, 757, 10.1038/35037619 Marques, 2010, Invasion of Ureaplasma diversum in Hep-2 cells, BMC Microbiol, 10, 83, 10.1186/1471-2180-10-83 Svenstrup, 2014, A cross-sectional study of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and correlates in women undergoing population-based screening or clinic-based testing for Chlamydia infection in London, BMJ Open, 4, e003947, 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003947 Hitti, 2010, Correlates of cervical Mycoplasma genitalium and risk of preterm birth among Peruvian women, Sex Transm Dis, 37, 81, 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181bf5441