Clinical Value of Complement Activation Biomarkers in Overt Diabetic Nephropathy

Wada, 2013, Inflammation and the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, Clin Sci (Lond), 124, 139, 10.1042/CS20120198 Flyvbjerg, 2017, The role of the complement system in diabetic nephropathy, Nat Rev Nephrol, 13, 311, 10.1038/nrneph.2017.31 Flyvbjerg, 2010, Diabetic angiopathy, the complement system and the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, Nat Rev Endocrinol, 6, 94, 10.1038/nrendo.2009.266 Hovind, 2005, Mannose-binding lectin as a predictor of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes:an inception cohort study, Diabetes, 54, 1523, 10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1523 Hansen, 2003, Elevated levels of mannan-binding lectin in patients with type 1 diabetes, J Endocrinol Metab, 88, 4857, 10.1210/jc.2003-030742 Ostergaard, 2015, Increased all-cause mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes and high-expression mannan-binding lectin genotypes:a 12-year follow-up study, Diabetes Care, 38, 1898, 10.2337/dc15-0851 Hansen, 2006, Mannose-binding lectin and mortality in type 2 diabetes, Arch Intern Med, 166, 2007, 10.1001/archinte.166.18.2007 Qin, 2004, Glycation inactivation of the complement regulatory protein CD59: a possible role in the pathogenesis of the vascular complications of human diabetes, Diabetes, 53, 2653, 10.2337/diabetes.53.10.2653 Chikazawa, 2016, Identification of C1q as a binding protein for advanced glycation end products, Biochemistry, 55, 435, 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00777 Bus, 2018, Complement activation in patients with diabetic nephropathy, Kidney Int Rep, 3, 302, 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.10.005 Tervaert, 2010, Pathologic classification of diabetic nephropathy, J Am Soc Nephrol, 21, 556, 10.1681/ASN.2010010010 Yiu, 2018, Complement C5a inhibition moderates lipid metabolism and reduces tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 33, 1323, 10.1093/ndt/gfx336 Gnudi, 2016, Diabetic nephropathy: perspective on novel molecular mechanisms, Trends Endocrinol Metab, 27, 820, 10.1016/j.tem.2016.07.002 Nosadini, 2000, Course of renal function in type 2 diabetic patients with abnormalities of albumin excretion rate, Diabetes, 49, 476, 10.2337/diabetes.49.3.476 Verhave, 2013, Clinical value of inflammatory urinary biomarkers in overt diabetic nephropathy:a prospective study, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 101, 333, 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.07.006 Nadkarni, 2016, Association of urinary biomarkers of inflammation, injury, and fibrosis with renal function decline: the ACCORD trial, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 11, 1343, 10.2215/CJN.12051115 Camilla, 2011, Urinary monocyte chemotactic protein 1:marker of renal function decline in diabetic and nondiabetic proteinuric renal disease, J Nephrol, 24, 60 2018, 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes-2018, Diabetes Care, 41, S13, 10.2337/dc18-S002 Gross, 2005, Diabetic nephropathy: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, Diabetes Care, 28, 164, 10.2337/diacare.28.1.164 Hsu, 2003, Chronic progression of tubulointerstitial damage in proteinuric renal disease is mediated by complement activation:a therapeutic role for complement inhibitors?, J Am Soc Nephrol, 14, S186, 10.1097/01.ASN.0000070032.58017.20 Zhou, 2001, Intrarenal synthesis of complement, Kidney Int, 59, 1227, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590041227.x Li Nangaku, 1999, Complement membrane attack complex (C5b-9) mediates interstitial disease in experimental nephrotic syndrome, J Am Soc Nephrol, 10, 2323, 10.1681/ASN.V10112323 Wenzel, 2016, Immune mechanisms in arterial hypertension, J Am Soc Nephrol, 27, 677, 10.1681/ASN.2015050562 Wenzel, 2017, A pathogenic role of complement in arterial hypertension and hypertensive end organ damage, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 312, H349, 10.1152/ajpheart.00759.2016 Zhang, 2014, Antagonist of C5aR prevents cardiac remodeling in angiotensin II-induced hypertension, Am J Hypertens, 27, 857, 10.1093/ajh/hpt274 Wang, 2012, The lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin ameliorates diabetic glomerulopathy via complement inhibition, Thromb Haemost, 108, 1141, 10.1160/TH12-07-0460 Fujita, 1999, Complement activation accelerates glomerular injury in diabetic rats, Nephron, 81, 208, 10.1159/000045278 Ogrodowski, 1991, Measurement of SC5b-9 in urine in patients with the nephrotic syndrome, Kidney Int, 40, 1141, 10.1038/ki.1991.326 Lehto, 1995, Urinary excretion of protectin (CD59), complement SC5b-9 and cytokines in membranous glomerulonephritis, Kidney Int, 47, 1403, 10.1038/ki.1995.197 Morita, 2000, Complement activation products in the urine from proteinuric patients, J Am Soc Nephrol, 11, 700, 10.1681/ASN.V114700 Noris, 2013, Overview of complement activation and regulation, Semin Nephrol, 33, 479, 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.08.001 Jayne, 2017, Randomized trial of C5a receptor inhibitor avacopan in ANCA-associated vasculitis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 28, 2756, 10.1681/ASN.2016111179 Wanner, 2018, Empagliflozin and kidney function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes: a slope analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, J Am Soc Nephrol, 29, 2755, 10.1681/ASN.2018010103 Saraheimo, 2005, Increased levels of mannan-binding lectin in type 1 diabetic patients with incipient and overt nephropathy, Diabetologia, 48, 198, 10.1007/s00125-004-1594-1 Levin, 2014, Summary of KDIGO. 2012 CKD Guideline:behind the scenes, need for guidance, and a framework for moving forward, Kidney Int, 85, 49, 10.1038/ki.2013.444