8 Long-term outcome of infants born preterm

Alberman, 1985, Epidemiology of retinopathy of prematurity, 249 Aylward, 1989, Follow-up and outcome of low birthweight infants: conceptual issues and a methodology review, Australian Paediatric Journal, 25, 3 Ballard, 1991, New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants, Journal of Pediatrics, 119, 417, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)82056-6 Bennett, 1990, Periventricular echodensities detected by cranial ultrasonography: usefulness in predicting neurodevelopmental outcome in lowbirth-weight, preterm infants, Pediatrics, 85, 400, 10.1542/peds.85.3.400 Bergman, 1985, Cause of hearing loss in the high-risk premature infant, Journal of Pediatrics, 106, 95, 10.1016/S0022-3476(85)80476-5 Blair, 1988, Intrapartum asphyxia: a rare cause of cerebral palsy, Journal of Pediatrics, 112, 515, 10.1016/S0022-3476(88)80161-6 Blayney, 1991, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: improvement in lung function between 7 and 10 years of age, Journal of Pediatrics, 118, 201, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)80483-4 Borkenstein, 1980, Pulmonary function studies in long-term survivors with artificial ventilation in the neonatal period, Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 69, 159, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1980.tb07053.x Bozynski, 1985, Cavitary periventricular leukomalacia: incidence and short-term outcome in infants weighing <1200 grams at birth, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 27, 572, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1985.tb14128.x Brothwood, 1986, Prognosis of the very low birthweight baby in relation to gender, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 61, 559, 10.1136/adc.61.6.559 Chan, 1989, Respiratory symptoms in children of low birthweight, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 64, 1294, 10.1136/adc.64.9.1294 Chan, 1989, Lung function in children of low birthweight, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 64, 1284, 10.1136/adc.64.9.1284 1988, Multicenter trial of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity: preliminary results, Archives of Ophthalmology, 106, 471, 10.1001/archopht.1988.01060130517027 de Vries, 1985, Predictive value of cranial ultrasound in the newborn baby: a reappraisal, Lancet, ii, 137, 10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90237-5 de Vries, 1987, Relationship of serum bilirubin levels and hearing impairment in newborn infants, Early Human Development, 15, 269, 10.1016/0378-3782(87)90050-8 Dinwiddie, 1974, Quality of survival after artificial ventilation of the newborn, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 703, 10.1136/adc.49.9.703 Doyle, 1993, Determining the accuracy and relevance of mortality rates for extremely low birthweight infants, Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 29, 1, 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1993.tb00426.x Doyle, 1991, Outcome to 8 years of infants <1000 g birthweight: relationship with neonatal ventilator and oxygen therapy, Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 27, 184, 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1991.tb00383.x Doyle, 1992, Audiological assessment of extremely low birthweight infants: a preliminary report, Paediatrics, 90, 744 Drillien, 1964, The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant, 297 Dubowitz, 1985, Developmental sequence of periventricular leukomalacia. 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Evolution of a changing outlook, New England Journal of Medicine, 301, 1162, 10.1056/NEJM197911223012105 Hack, 1982, The prognostic significance of post-natal growth in very low birthweight infants, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 143, 693, 10.1016/0002-9378(82)90117-X Hack, 1991, Effect of very low birthweight and subnormal head size on cognitive abilities at school age, New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 231, 10.1056/NEJM199107253250403 Hack, 1992, The effect of very low birth weight and social risk on neurocognitive abilities at school age, Journal of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatrics, 18, 412 Hagberg, 1989, Decreasing perinatal mortality—increase in cerebral palsy morbidity?, Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 78, 664, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11123.x Harrod, 1974, Long-term follow-up of severe respiratory distress syndrome treated with IPPB, Journal of Pediatrics, 84, 277, 10.1016/S0022-3476(74)80623-2 Heldt, 1980, Exercise performance of the survivors of hyaline membrane disease, Journal of Pediatrics, 96, 995, 10.1016/S0022-3476(80)80624-X Hunt, 1988, Very low birth weight infants at 8 and 11 years of age: role of neonatal illness and family status, Pediatrics, 82, 596, 10.1542/peds.82.4.596 Johnson, 1974, Prognosis of children surviving with the aid of mechanical ventilation in the newborn period, Journal of Pediatrics, 84, 272, 10.1016/S0022-3476(74)80622-0 Keith, 1990, Ocular morbidity in extremely low birthweight infants, 527 Kiely, 1981, Cerebral palsy and newborn care. II: mortality and neurological impairment in low-birthweight infants, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 23, 650, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1981.tb02048.x Kilbride, 1990, Improved survival and neurodevelopmental outcome for infants less than 801 grams birthweight, American Journal of Perinatology, 7, 160, 10.1055/s-2007-999471 Kitchen, 1985, Live-born infants of 24 to 28 weeks' gestation: survival and sequelae at two years of age, 115, 122 Kitchen, 1987, Longitudinal study of very low birthweight infants: impairments, health and growth distance to 14 years of age, Australian Paediatric Journal, 23, 333 Kitchen, 1989, Growth and very low birthweight, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 64, 379, 10.1136/adc.64.3.379 Kitchen, 1990, Health and hospital readmissions of very-low-birth-weight and normal-birth-weight children, American Journal of Diseases of Children, 144, 213 Kitchen, 1991, Changing two-year outcome of infants weighing 500 to 999 grams at birth: a hospital study, Journal of Pediatrics, 118, 938, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)82215-2 Kitchen, 1991, Survivors of extreme prematurity—outcome at 8 years of age, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 31, 337, 10.1111/j.1479-828X.1991.tb02815.x Kitchen, 1991, Inguinal hernia in very low birthweight children: a continuing risk to age 8 years, Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 27, 300, 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1991.tb02542.x Kitchen, 1992, Improving outcome of 8 year old very low birthweight children. Apparent or real?, Medical Journal of Australia, 157, 154, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137075.x Kitchen, 1992, Very low birth weight and growth to age 8 years. I: weight and height, American Journal of Diseases of Children, 146, 40, 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160130042019 Kitchen, 1992, Very low birth weight and growth to age 8 years. II: head dimensions and intelligence, American Journal of Diseases of Children, 146, 46, 10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160130048020 Kitchen, 1992, Respiratory health and lung function in 8-year-old children of very low birthweight: a cohort study, Pediatrics, 89, 1151, 10.1542/peds.89.6.1151 Kushner, 1985, Contemporary issues in fetal and neonatal medicine, 239 Mansell, 1987, Pulmonary follow-up of moderately low birthweight infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome, Journal of Pediatrics, 110, 111, 10.1016/S0022-3476(87)80301-3 Marlow, 1987, Neurodevelopmental outcome in babies weighing less than 2001 g at birth, British Medical Journal, 294, 1582, 10.1136/bmj.294.6587.1582 McCormick, 1989, Long-term follow-up of infants discharged from neonatal intensive care units, Journal of the American Medical Association, 261, 1767, 10.1001/jama.1989.03420120105035 McCormick, 1980, Rehospitalization in the first year of life for high-risk survivors, Pediatrics, 66, 991 Michelsson, 1984, Nine-year follow-up of infants weighing 1500 g or less at birth, Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 73, 835, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb17784.x Milligan, 1984, Perinatal intensive care: where and how to draw the line, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 148, 499, 10.1016/0002-9378(84)90734-8 Morray, 1982, Improvement in lung mechanics as a function of age in the infant with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Pediatric Research, 16, 290, 10.1203/00006450-198204000-00009 Msall, 1991, Risk factors for major neurodevelopmental impairments and need for special educational resources in extremely premature infants, Journal of Pediatrics, 119, 606, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)82415-1 Mutch, 1986, Secular changes in rehospitalization of very low birthweight infants, Pediatrics, 78, 164, 10.1542/peds.78.1.164 Mutch, 1992, Cerebral palsy epidemiology: where are we now and where are we going?, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 34, 547, 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11479.x Nelson, 1988, What proportion of cerebral palsy is related to birth asphyxia?, Journal of Pediatrics, 112, 572, 10.1016/S0022-3476(88)80169-0 Nicholl, 1991, The short-term outcome of singleton infants delivered before 28 weeks' gestation, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 31, 103, 10.1111/j.1479-828X.1991.tb01792.x Nicholl, 1991, The short-term outcome of infants of multiple pregnancies delivered before 28 weeks' gestation, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 31, 108, 10.1111/j.1479-828X.1991.tb01793.x Niswander, 1984, Adverse outcome of pregnancy and the quality of obstetric care, Lancet, ii, 827, 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90871-7 Nober, 1977, Effects of hearing loss on speech and language in the post babbling stage, 630 Northway, 1990, Later pulmonary sequelae of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, New England Journal of Medicine, 323, 1793, 10.1056/NEJM199012273232603 Nwaesei, 1987, Preterm birth at 23 to 26 weeks' gestation: is active obstetric management justified?, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 157, 890, 10.1016/S0002-9378(87)80080-7 Ornstein, 1991, Neonatal follow-up of very low birthweight/extremely low birthweight infants to school age: a critical overview, Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 80, 741, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11943.x Paneth, 1986, Birth and origins of cerebral palsy, New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 124, 10.1056/NEJM198607103150209 Paneth, 1984, The frequency of cerebral palsy: a review of population studies in industrialised nations since 1950 Phelps, 1981, Retinopathy of prematurity: an estimate of vision loss in the United States—1979, Pediatrics, 67, 924, 10.1542/peds.67.6.924 Rickards, 1988, Longitudinal study of very low birthweight infants: intelligence and aspects of school progress at 14 years of age, Australian Paediatric Journal, 24, 19 Riedel, 1987, Long term effects of artificial ventilation in neonates, Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 76, 24, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10409.x Robertson, 1990, Eight-year school performance and growth of preterm, small for gestational age infants: a comparative study with subjects matched for birth weight or for gestational age, Journal of Pediatrics, 116, 19, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81639-7 Ross, 1991, Educational status and school-related abilities of very low birth weight premature children, Paediatrics, 88, 1125, 10.1542/peds.88.6.1125 Saigal, 1989, Decreased disability rate among 3-year-old survivors weighing 501 to 1000 grams at birth and born to residents of a geographically defined region from 1981 to 1984 compared with 1977 to 1980, Journal of Pediatrics, 114, 836, 10.1016/S0022-3476(89)80150-7 Saigal, 1991, Cognitive abilities and school performance of extremely low birthweight children and matched term control children at age 8: a regional study, Journal of Pediatrics, 118, 751, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)80043-5 Scheidt, 1990, Phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia: 6-year 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