4D pine scale: biomimetic 4D printed autonomous scale and flap structures capable of multi-phase movement

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences - Tập 378 Số 2167 - Trang 20190445 - 2020
Oliver David Krieg1,2, Simon Poppinga3,4, Max D. Mylo5,4, Anna S. Westermeier4, Bernd Bruchmann6, Achim Menges1, Thomas Speck5,3,4
1Institute for Computational Design and Construction (ICD), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
2School of Architecture, University of Waterloo, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
3Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
4Plant Biomechanics Group, Botanic Garden, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
5Cluster of Excellence livMatS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
6BASF SE Advanced Materials and Systems Research, Ludwigshafen, Germany

Tóm tắt

We developed biomimetic hygro-responsive composite polymer scales inspired by the reversible shape-changes of Bhutan pine ( Pinus wallichiana ) cone seed scales. The synthetic kinematic response is made possible through novel four-dimensional (4D) printing techniques with anisotropic material use, namely copolymers with embedded cellulose fibrils and ABS polymer. Multi-phase motion like the subsequent transversal and longitudinal bending deformation during desiccation of a natural pinecone scale can be structurally programmed into such printed hygromorphs. Both the natural concept generator (Bhutan pinecone scale) and the biomimetic technical structure (4D printed scale) were comparatively investigated as to their displacement and strain over time via three-dimensional digital image correlation methods. Our bioinspired prototypes can be the basis for tailored autonomous and self-sufficient flap and scale structures performing complex consecutive motions for technical applications, e.g. in architecture and soft robotics. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 3)’.

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Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

Tập 378 Số 2167

20190445

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