4 Promising non-narcotic analgesic techniques for labour

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A clinical review of clonidine (1984–1995), Anesthesiology, 85, 655, 10.1097/00000542-199609000-00026 Eisenach, 1997, Alfentanil, but not amitriptyline, reduces pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia from intradermal injection of capsaicin in humans, Anesthesiology, 86, 1279, 10.1097/00000542-199706000-00008 Foss, 1997, Dose response study of intrathecal sufentanil in laboring patients, Anesthesiology, 87, A898, 10.1097/00000542-199709001-00898 Gautier, 1997, Low doses of intrathecal clonidine combined with sufentanil for labor analgesia, Anesthesiology, 87, A889, 10.1097/00000542-199709001-00899 Gautier, 1997, Ambulatory combined spinal—epidural analgesia for labor—influence of epinephrine on bupivacaine-sufentanil combination, Regional Anesthesia, 22, 143, 10.1016/S1098-7339(06)80033-7 Gold, 1997, Remifentanil versus remifentanil/midazolam for ambulatory surgery during monitored anesthesia care, Anesthesiology, 87, 51, 10.1097/00000542-199707000-00007 Goodchild, 1987, Intrathecal midazolam in the rat: evidence for spinally-mediated analgesia, British Journal of Anesthesia, 59, 1563, 10.1093/bja/59.12.1563 Goodchild, 1996, Antinociception by intrathecal midazolam involves endogenous neurotransmitters acting at spinal cord delta opioid receptors, British Journal of Anaesthesia, 77, 758, 10.1093/bja/77.6.758 Gordh, 1989, Interactions between noradrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms involved in spinal nociceptive processing, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 33, 39, 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1989.tb02857.x Grieco, 1993, Intrathecal sufentanil labor analgesia: the effects of adding morphine or epinephrine, Anesthesia and Analgesia, 77, 1149, 10.1213/00000539-199312000-00012 Hood, 1995, Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal neostigmine methylsulfate in humans, Anesthesiology, 82, 331, 10.1097/00000542-199502000-00003 Hood, 1997, Spinal neostigmine does not reduce post-cesarean section morphine use, Anesthesiology, 87, A902, 10.1097/00000542-199709001-00902 Kan, 1996, Remifentanil: an ultra-short acting opioid in obstetric anesthesia, 137 Kapila, 1995, Measured context-sensitive half-times of remifentanil and alfentanil, Anesthesiology, 83, 968, 10.1097/00000542-199511000-00009 Kawana, 1987, Epidural ketamine for postoperative pain relief after gynecologic operations: a double-blind study and comparison with epidural morphine, Anesthesia and Analgesia, 66, 735, 10.1213/00000539-198708000-00007 Klimscha, 1997, Intrathecal α2-adrenergic agonists stimulate acetylcholine and norepinephrine release from the spinal cord dorsal horn in sheep. 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Prolongation par l'adjonction d'une minidose de clonidine au sufentanil. 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