2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Graham, 2011
Gibbons, 2013, The next steps in developing clinical practice guidelines for prevention, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, 1399, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.08.004
Gibbons, 2013, Refocusing the agenda on cardiovascular guidelines: an announcement from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Circulation, 128, 1713, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004587
2011, Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report, Pediatrics, 128, S213
Yancy, 2013, 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: executive summery: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, 1495, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.020
2002
Grundy, 2004, Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines, Circulation, 110, 227, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E
2002, Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adults Treatment Panel III) Final report, Circulation, 106, 3143, 10.1161/circ.106.25.3143
Boden, 2011, Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy, N Engl J Med, 67, 2255
Eckel, 2014, 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, J Am Coll Cardiol, 63, 2960, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.003
Goff, 2014, 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk, J Am Coll Cardiol, 63, 2935, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.005
Taylor, 2013, Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD009217.pub2
Mihaylova, 2012, The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trials, Lancet, 380, 581, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60367-5
Ginsberg, 2010, Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus, N Engl J Med, 362, 1563, 10.1056/NEJMoa1001282
Taylor, 2011, Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
2002, MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 360, 7, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09327-3
Downs, 1998, Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study, JAMA, 279, 1615, 10.1001/jama.279.20.1615
Nakamura, 2006, Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with pravastatin in Japan (MEGA Study): a prospective randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 368, 1155, 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69472-5
Lu, 2008, Effect of Xuezhikang, an extract from red yeast Chinese rice, on coronary events in a Chinese population with previous myocardial infarction, Am J Cardiol, 101, 1689, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.056
Baigent, 2010, Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials, Lancet, 376, 1670, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5
Tikkanen, 2009, Comparison of efficacy and safety of atorvastatin (80 mg) to simvastatin (20 to 40 mg) in patients aged <65 versus >or=65 years with coronary heart disease (from the Incremental Decrease through Aggressive Lipid Lowering [IDEAL] study), Am J Cardiol, 103, 577, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.10.029
Holmes, 2006, Reconsidering medication appropriateness for patients late in life, Arch Intern Med, 166, 605, 10.1001/archinte.166.6.605
Akushevich, 2012, Age patterns of incidence of geriatric disease in the U.S. elderly population: Medicare-based analysis, J Am Geriatr Soc, 60, 323, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03786.x
Wolff, 2002, Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly, Arch Intern Med, 162, 2269, 10.1001/archinte.162.20.2269
Fried, 2011, Effects of benefits and harms on older persons' willingness to take medication for primary cardiovascular prevention, Arch Intern Med, 171, 923, 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.32
Robinson, 2007, Is it time for a cardiovascular primary prevention trial in the elderly?, Stroke, 38, 441, 10.1161/01.STR.0000254602.58896.d2
Porock, 2005, Predicting death in the nursing home: development and validation of the 6-month Minimum Data Set mortality risk index, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 60, 491, 10.1093/gerona/60.4.491
Stineman, 2012, All-cause 1-, 5-, and 10-year mortality in elderly people according to activities of daily living stage, J Am Geriatr Soc, 60, 485, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03867.x
Schonberg, 2011, External validation of an index to predict up to 9-year mortality of community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older, J Am Geriatr Soc, 59, 1444, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03523.x
Fried, 2011, Health outcome prioritization as a tool for decision making among older persons with multiple chronic conditions, Arch Intern Med, 171, 1854, 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.424
Barry, 2012, Shared decision making—pinnacle of patient-centered care, N Engl J Med, 366, 780, 10.1056/NEJMp1109283
Man-Son-Hing, 2005, Preference-based antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: implications for clinical decision making, Med Decis Making, 25, 548, 10.1177/0272989X05280558
Fried, 2002, Understanding the treatment preferences of seriously ill patients, N Engl J Med, 346, 1061, 10.1056/NEJMsa012528
Ditto, 1996, Fates worse than death: the role of valued life activities in health-state evaluations, Health Psychol, 15, 332, 10.1037/0278-6133.15.5.332
Rosenfeld, 2000, End-of-life decision making: a qualitative study of elderly individuals, J Gen Intern Med, 15, 620, 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.06289.x
Nease, 1995, Variation in patient utilities for outcomes of the management of chronic stable angina: Implications for clinical practice guidelines. Ischemic Heart Disease Patient Outcomes Research Team, JAMA, 273, 1185, 10.1001/jama.1995.03520390045031
Glynn, 2010, Rosuvastatin for primary prevention in older persons with elevated C-reactive protein and low to average low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels: exploratory analysis of a randomized trial, Ann Int Med, 152, 488, 10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00005
Shepherd, 2002, Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 360, 1623, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11600-X
Trompet, 2010, Pravastatin and cognitive function in the elderly. Results of the PROSPER study, J Neurol, 257, 85
Gray, 2011, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and statin use and incident mobility limitation in community-dwelling older adults: the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, J Am Geriatr Soc, 59, 2226, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03721.x
LaCroix, 2008, Statin use and incident frailty in women aged 65 years or older: prospective findings from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 63, 369, 10.1093/gerona/63.4.369
Hippisley-Cox, 2005, Coronary heart disease prevention and age inequalities: the first year of the National Service Framework for CHD, Br J Gen Pract, 55, 369
Forman, 2011, Cardiac care for older adults. Time for a new paradigm, J Am Coll Cardiol, 57, 1801, 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.014
Berglund, 2012, Evaluation and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 97, 2969, 10.1210/jc.2011-3213
Miller, 2011, Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 123, 2292, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182160726
LaRosa, 2005, Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease, N Engl J Med, 352, 1425, 10.1056/NEJMoa050461
Pedersen, 2005, High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial, JAMA, 294, 2437, 10.1001/jama.294.19.2437
Cannon, 2004, Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes, N Engl J Med, 350, 1495, 10.1056/NEJMoa040583
Ridker, 2008, Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein, N Engl J Med, 359, 2195, 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
Baigent, 2005, Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins, Lancet, 366, 1267, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67394-1
Thompson, 2004, Goals of statin therapy: three viewpoints. 2002, Atheroscler Suppl, 5, 107, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2004.08.031
Ridker, 2012, Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial, Lancet, 380, 565, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61190-8
Roffi, 2011, Current concepts on coronary revascularization in diabetic patients, Eur Heart J, 32, 2748, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr305
Nathan, 2005, Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes, N Engl J Med, 353, 2643, 10.1056/NEJMoa052187
Rhodes, 2012, Estimated morbidity and mortality in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabet Med, 29, 453, 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03542.x
Paynter, 2011, Cardiovascular risk prediction in diabetic men and women using hemoglobin A1c vs diabetes as a high-risk equivalent, Arch Intern Med, 171, 1712, 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.351
Elley, 2010, Derivation and validation of a new cardiovascular risk score for people with type 2 diabetes: the New Zealand Diabetes Cohort Study, Diabetes Care, 33, 1347, 10.2337/dc09-1444
Stevens, 2004, Risk factors for myocardial infarction case fatality and stroke case fatality in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 66, Diabetes Care, 27, 201, 10.2337/diacare.27.1.201
Bibbins-Domingo, 2007, Adolescent overweight and future adult coronary heart disease, N Engl J Med, 357, 2371, 10.1056/NEJMsa073166
Daniels, 2009, American Heart Association Childhood Obesity Research Summit Report, Circulation, 119, e489, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192216
Jacob, 2010, Asian Americans and cardiometabolic risk: why and how to study them, J Am Coll Cardiol, 55, 974, 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.086
Bainey, 2009, Increased burden of coronary artery disease in South-Asians living in North America. Need for an aggressive management algorithm, Atherosclerosis, 204, 1, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.023
Yu, 2013, Support of personalized medicine through risk-stratified treatment recommendations - an environmental scan of clinical practice guidelines, BMC Med, 11, 7, 10.1186/1741-7015-11-7
Lescol (fluvastatin sodium) [prescribing information]. Novartis Pharmaceuticals. East Hanover, NJ; 2012.
Pravachol (pravastatin sodium) [prescribing information]. Bristol Myers Squibb Co. Princeton, NJ; 2012.
Livalo (pitivastatin) [prescribing information]. Kowa Pharmaceuticals. Montgomery, AL; 2012.
Zocor (Simvastatin) [prescribing information]. Merck & Co. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2012.
Mevacor (Lovastatin) [prescribing information]. Merck & Co. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2012.
Lipitor (atorvastatin calcium) [prescribing information]. Pfizer Inc. New York, NY; 2012.
Crestor (rosuvastatin calcium) [prescribing information]. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. Wilmington, DE; 2013.
1994, Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S), Lancet, 344, 1383
Shepherd, 1995, Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group, N Engl J Med, 333, 1301, 10.1056/NEJM199511163332001
Sacks, 1996, The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators, N Engl J Med, 335, 1001, 10.1056/NEJM199610033351401
1998, Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group, N Engl J Med, 339, 1349, 10.1056/NEJM199811053391902
Colhoun, 2004, Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 364, 685, 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16895-5
Deleted in Press.
Amarenco, 2006, High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack, N Engl J Med, 355, 549, 10.1056/NEJMoa061894
2006, High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack, N Engl J Med, 355, 549, 10.1056/NEJMoa061894
Vodnala, 2012, Secondary causes of dyslipidemia, Am J Cardiol, 110, 823, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.04.062
Stone, 2008
Sattar, 2010, Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials, Lancet, 375, 735, 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61965-6
2001, Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III), JAMA, 285, 2486, 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486
Fellström, 2009, Rosuvastatin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis, N Engl J Med, 360, 1395, 10.1056/NEJMoa0810177
Kjekshus, 2007, Rosuvastatin in older patients with systolic heart failure, N Engl J Med, 357, 2248, 10.1056/NEJMoa0706201
Tavazzi, 2008, Effect of rosuvastatin in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 372, 1231, 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61240-4
Wanner, 2005, Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis, N Engl J Med, 353, 238, 10.1056/NEJMoa043545
Eckel, 2010, Approach to the patient who is intolerant of statin therapy, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 95, 2015, 10.1210/jc.2009-2689
2012
2010
2013, Standards of medical care in diabetes–2013, Diabetes Care, 36, S11
Rawlins, 2008, De testimonio: on the evidence for decisions about the use of therapeutic interventions, Lancet, 372, 2152, 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61930-3
Schwartz, 2001, Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: the MIRACL study: a randomized controlled trial, JAMA, 285, 1711, 10.1001/jama.285.13.1711
Shepherd, 2006, Effect of lowering LDL cholesterol substantially below currently recommended levels in patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes: the Treating to New Targets (TNT) study, Diabetes Care, 29, 1220, 10.2337/dc05-2465
Deleted in Press.
Baigent, 2010, Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials, Lancet, 376, 1670, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5
Mills, 2008, Primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality and events with statin treatments: a network meta-analysis involving more than 65,000 patients, J Am Coll Cardiol, 52, 1769, 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.08.039
Dale, 2007, Impact of statin dosing intensity on transaminase and creatine kinase, Am J Med, 120, 706, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.07.033
Collins, 2004, Effects of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin on stroke and other major vascular events in 20536 people with cerebrovascular disease or other high-risk conditions, Lancet, 363, 757, 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15690-0
Roberts MD. Crestor (rosuvastatin calcium) NDA 21–336 JUPITER. Paper presented at U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Meeting, December 15, 2009. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2009.
1975, Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease, JAMA, 231, 360, 10.1001/jama.1975.03240160024021
Guyton, 2007, Safety considerations with niacin therapy, Am J Cardiol, 99, 22C, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.11.018
Brown, 2008, Nicotinic acid, alone and in combinations, for reduction of cardiovascular risk, Am J Cardiol, 101, 58B, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.039
Grundy, 2002, Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-daily niacin for the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes: results of the assessment of diabetes control and evaluation of the efficacy of niaspan trial, Arch Intern Med, 162, 1568, 10.1001/archinte.162.14.1568
Crouse, 1987, Hypertriglyceridemia: a contraindication to the use of bile acid binding resins, Am J Med, 83, 243, 10.1016/0002-9343(87)90692-9
Thompson, 2008, Recommendations for the use of LDL apheresis, Atherosclerosis, 198, 247, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.02.009
Schwertz, 2008, High-dose statin therapy for secondary prevention of stroke: stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels study review, J Cardiovasc Nurs, 23, 8, 10.1097/01.JCN.0000305061.88624.fc
Rossebo, 2007, Design and baseline characteristics of the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis (SEAS) study, Am J Cardiol, 99, 970, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.10.064
2010, Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP): randomized trial to assess the effects of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among 9,438 patients with chronic kidney disease, Am Heart J, 160, 785, 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.08.012
Yokoyama, 2003, Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on cardiovascular events in Japanese patients with hypercholesterolemia: rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS), Am Heart J, 146, 613, 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00367-3
Frick, 1987, Helsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease, N Engl J Med, 317, 1237, 10.1056/NEJM198711123172001
1984, The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering, JAMA, 251, 365, 10.1001/jama.1984.03340270043026
1984, The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease, JAMA, 251, 351, 10.1001/jama.1984.03340270029025
Rubins, 1999, Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group, N Engl J Med, 341, 410, 10.1056/NEJM199908053410604
Keech, 2005, Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 366, 1849, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67667-2
2013, HPS2-THRIVE randomized placebo-controlled trial in 25 673 high-risk patients of ER niacin/laropiprant: trial design, pre-specified muscle and liver outcomes, and reasons for stopping study treatment, Eur Heart J, 34, 1279, 10.1093/eurheartj/eht055
De Lemos, 2004, Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients with acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial, JAMA, 292, 1307, 10.1001/jama.292.11.1307
Koren, 2004, Clinical outcomes in managed-care patients with coronary heart disease treated aggressively in lipid-lowering disease management clinics: the ALLIANCE study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 44, 1772
Knopp, 2006, Efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in the prevention of cardiovascular end points in subjects with type 2 diabetes: the Atorvastatin Study for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Endpoints in non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (ASPEN), Diabetes Care, 29, 1478, 10.2337/dc05-2415
Athyros, 2002, Treatment with atorvastatin to the National Cholesterol Educational Program goal versus “usual” care in secondary coronary heart disease prevention. The GREek Atorvastatin and Coronary-heart-disease Evaluation (GREACE) study, Curr Med Res Opin, 18, 220, 10.1185/030079902125000787
Brown, 2001, Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease, N Engl J Med, 345, 1583, 10.1056/NEJMoa011090
Serruys, 2002, Fluvastatin for prevention of cardiac events following successful first percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial, JAMA, 287, 3215, 10.1001/jama.287.24.3215
Sakamoto, 2006, Effects of early statin treatment on symptomatic heart failure and ischemic events after acute myocardial infarction in Japanese, Am J Cardiol, 97, 1165, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.11.031
Armitage, 2010, Intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol with 80 mg versus 20 mg simvastatin daily in 12,064 survivors of myocardial infarction: a double-blind randomised trial, Lancet, 376, 1658, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60310-8
Ahmed, 2006, Acute coronary syndromes and diabetes: is intensive lipid lowering beneficial? Results of the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial, Eur Heart J, 27, 2323, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl220
Wenger, 2007, Outcomes of using high- or low-dose atorvastatin in patients 65 years of age or older with stable coronary heart disease, Ann Int Med, 147, 1, 10.7326/0003-4819-147-1-200707030-00002
Chaturvedi, 2009, Effect of atorvastatin in elderly patients with a recent stroke or transient ischemic attack, Neurology, 72, 688, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327339.55844.1a
Shepherd, 2008, Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease: The TNT (Treating to New Targets) study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 51, 1448, 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.072
Shepherd, 2008, Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, Mayo Clin Proc, 83, 870, 10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60763-5
Sacks, 1996, The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators, N Engl J Med, 335, 1001, 10.1056/NEJM199610033351401
2002, Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT), JAMA, 288, 2998, 10.1001/jama.288.23.2998
Sever, 2005, Reduction in cardiovascular events with atorvastatin in 2,532 patients with type 2 diabetes: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid-Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA), Diabetes Care, 28, 1151, 10.2337/diacare.28.5.1151
Holdaas, 2005, Long-term cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients receiving fluvastatin: the ALERT extension study, Am J Transplant, 5, 2929, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01105.x
Kearney, 2008, Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis, Lancet, 371, 117, 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60104-X
Messerli, 2008, Impact of systemic hypertension on the cardiovascular benefits of statin therapy–a meta-analysis, Am J Cardiol, 101, 319, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.08.033
Kizer, 2010, Relation of different measures of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to risk of coronary artery disease and death in a meta-regression analysis of large-scale trials of statin therapy, Am J Cardiol, 105, 1289, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.12.051
Ray, 2010, Statins and all-cause mortality in high-risk primary prevention: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 65,229 participants, Arch Intern Med, 170, 1024, 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.182
Brugts, 2009, The benefits of statins in people without established cardiovascular disease but with cardiovascular risk factors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, BMJ, 338, b2376, 10.1136/bmj.b2376
Bukkapatnam, 2010, Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Prev Cardiol, 13, 84, 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2009.00059.x
Mizuno, 2008, Usefulness of pravastatin in primary prevention of cardiovascular events in women: analysis of the Management of Elevated Cholesterol in the Primary Prevention Group of Adult Japanese (MEGA study), Circulation, 117, 494, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.671826
Bonovas, 2007, Use of statins and risk of haematological malignancies: a meta-analysis of six randomized clinical trials and eight observational studies, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 64, 255, 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02959.x
Preiss, 2011, Risk of incident diabetes with intensive-dose compared with moderate-dose statin therapy: a meta-analysis, JAMA, 305, 2556, 10.1001/jama.2011.860
Canner, 1986, Fifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: long-term benefit with niacin, J Am Coll Cardiol, 8, 1245, 10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80293-5