2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension

Journal of Hypertension - Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 1105-1187 - 2007
Giuseppe Mancia1,2,3,4, Guy De Backer1,2, Anna F. Dominiczak1,2, Renata Cífková1,2, Robert Fagard1,2, Giuseppe Germanò1,2, Guıdo Grassı1,2, Anthony M. Heagerty1,2, Sverre E. Kjeldsen1,2, Stéphane Laurent1,2, Krzysztof Narkiewicz1,2, Luís M. Ruilope1,2, Andrzej Rynkiewicz1,2, Roland E. Schmieder1,2, Harry A. Struijker Boudier1,2, Alberto Zanchetti1,2
1The affiliations of Task Force members are listed in the Appendix. Their Disclosure forms are available on the respective society Web Sites.
2These guidelines also appear in the European Heart Journal, doi: 10/1093/eurheartj/ehm236
3fax: +39 039 32 22 74, e-mail
4to Giuseppe Mancia, Clinica Medica, Ospedale San Gerardo, Università Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi, 33 – 20052 MONZA (Milano), Italy Tel: +39 039 233 3357

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Cockroft, 1976, Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine, Nephron, 16, 31, 10.1159/000180580

Hallan, 2004, Validation of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula for estimating GFR with special emphasis on calibration of the serum creatinine assay, Am J Kidney Dis, 44, 84, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.03.027

Morgan, 2004, Effect of different antihypertensive drug classes on central aortic pressure, Am J Hypertens, 17, 118, 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2003.09.012

Chen, 1997, Estimation of central aortic pressure waveform by mathematical transformation of radial tonometry pressure. Validation of generalized transfer function, Circulation, 95, 1827, 10.1161/01.CIR.95.7.1827

Hope, 2003, Use of arterial transfer functions for the derivation of aortic waveform characteristics, J Hypertens, 21, 1299, 10.1097/00004872-200307000-00017

Korsgaard, 1993, Histology of subcutaneous small arteries from patients with essential hypertension, Hypertension, 22, 523, 10.1161/01.HYP.22.4.523

Rizzoni, 2001, Structural alterations in subcutaneous small arteries of normotensive and hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Circulation, 103, 1238, 10.1161/01.CIR.103.9.1238

Rizzoni, 2003, Prognostic significance of small-artery structure in hypertension, Circulation, 108, 2230, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000095031.51492.C5

Stevens, 2006, Assessing kidney function–measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate, N Engl J Med, 354, 2473, 10.1056/NEJMra054415

Martinez-Perez, 2002, Retinal vascular tree morphology: a semi-automatic quantification, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 49, 912, 10.1109/TBME.2002.800789

Hughes, 2006, Quantification of topological changes in retinal vascular architecture in essential and malignant hypertension, J Hypertens, 24, 889, 10.1097/01.hjh.0000222759.61735.98

Ciulla, 2002, Assessment of carotid plaque composition in hypertensive patients by ultrasonic tissue characterization: a validation study, J Hypertens, 20, 1589, 10.1097/00004872-200208000-00022

De Zeeuw, 2006, Renoprotective effects of renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors, Lancet, 367, 899, 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68374-8

Mann, 2006, Renoprotective effects of renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors, Lancet, 367, 900, 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68375-X

Haynes, 2002, Helping patients follow prescribed treatment: clinical applications, JAMA, 288, 2880, 10.1001/jama.288.22.2880

Groppelli, 1992, Persistent blood pressure increase induced by heavy smoking, J Hypertens, 10, 495, 10.1097/00004872-199205000-00014

Grassi, 1994, Mancia G. Mechanisms responsible for sympathetic activation by cigarette smoking in humans, Circulation, 90, 248, 10.1161/01.CIR.90.1.248

Narkiewicz, 1998, Cigarette smoking increases sympathetic outflow in humans, Circulation, 98, 528, 10.1161/01.CIR.98.6.528

Seltzer, 1974, Effect of smoking on blood pressure, Am Heart J, 87, 558, 10.1016/0002-8703(74)90492-X

Bang, 2000, Do we undertreat hypertensive smokers? A comparison between smoking and non-smoking hypertensives, Blood Press Monit, 5, 271, 10.1097/00126097-200010000-00004

Manson, 1992, The primary prevention of myocardial infarction, N Engl J Med, 326, 1406, 10.1056/NEJM199205213262107

Grassi, 2002, Short- and long-term neuroadrenergic effects of moderate dietary sodium restriction in essential hypertension, Circulation, 106, 1957, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000033519.45615.C7

Grassi, 1997, Baroreflex impairment by low sodium diet in mild or moderate essential hypertension, Hypertension, 29, 802, 10.1161/01.HYP.29.3.802

Pilz, 2005, Aliskiren, a human renin inhibitor, ameliorates cardiac and renal damage in double-transgenic rats, Hypertension, 46, 569, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000179573.91016.3f

Parati, 1998, The smoothness index: a new, reproducible and clinically relevant measure of the homogeneity of the blood pressure reduction with treatment for hypertension, J Hypertens, 16, 1685, 10.1097/00004872-199816110-00016

Yusuf, 2003, Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial, Lancet, 362, 777, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14285-7

Perera, 1955, Hypertensive vascular disease: description and natural history, J Chronic Dis, 1, 33, 10.1016/0021-9681(55)90019-9

Giannattasio, 1999, Fluctuations of radial artery distensibility throughout the menstrual cycle, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 19, 1925, 10.1161/01.ATV.19.8.1925

Ribstein, 1999, Renal characteristics and effect of angiotensin suppression in oral contraceptive users., Hypertension, 33, 90, 10.1161/01.HYP.33.1.90

Perry, 1990, Recording diastolic blood pressure in pregnancy, Br Med J, 301, 1198, 10.1136/bmj.301.6762.1198

Higgins, 2001, Blood pressure measurement and classification in pregnancy, Lancet, 357, 131, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03552-2

Bakris, 2006, Differences in glucose tolerance between fixed-dose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome, Diabetes Care, 29, 2592, 10.2337/dc06-1373

Schupp, 2004, Angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers induce peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activity, Circulation, 109, 2054, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000127955.36250.65